31. Endowments
٣١۔ كِتَابُ الْوَقْفِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no stopping after Surah An-Nisa."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا حَبْسَ بَعْدَ سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying after Surah An-Nisa was revealed and the obligations were prescribed in it, he said, "There is no restriction after Surah An-Nisa."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ بَعْدَمَا أُنْزِلَتْ سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ وَفُرِضَ فِيهَا الْفَرَائِضُ يَقُولُ لَا حَبْسَ بَعْدَ سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There should be no restriction on the obligations of Allah." Ali, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "It has only been narrated by Ibn Lahah from his brother, and they are both weak." The sheikh said, "And this wording is only known from the statement of Shurayh the judge."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا حَبْسَ عَنْ فَرَائِضِ اللهِ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ لَمْ يُسْنِدْهُ غَيْرُ ابْنِ لَهِيعَةَ عَنْ أَخِيهِ وَهُمَا ضَعِيفَانِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَهَذَا اللَّفْظُ إِنَّمَا يُعْرَفُ مِنْ قَوْلِ شُرَيْحٍ الْقَاضِي
[Machine] I said, "By Allah, I did not come seeking conflict, but rather, a man from this neighborhood has made his house a prison." Ata' said, "Then he entered through the door of the mosque into the enclosure, and I followed him, hearing him say it to his beloved friend who brings his opponents to him, 'Inform the man that there should be no hindrance to the obligations of Allah.'"
فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي وَاللهِ مَا جِئْتُ أُرِيدُ خُصُومَةً إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْحِيِّ جَعَلَ دَارَهُ حَبْسًا قَالَ عَطَاءٌ فَدَخَلَ مِنَ الْبَابِ الَّذِي فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فِي الْمَقْصُورَةِ فَسَمِعْتُهُ حِينَ دَخَلَ وَتَبِعْتُهُ وَهُوَ يَقُولُهُ لِحَبِيبٍ الَّذِي يُقَدِّمُ الْخُصُومَ إِلَيْهِ أَخْبِرِ الرَّجُلَ أَنَّهُ لَا حَبْسَ عَنْ فَرَائِضِ اللهِ ﷻ
[Machine] Muhammad ﷺ came with the prohibition of imprisonment.
جَاءَ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ بِمَنْعِ الْحَبْسِ
[Machine] Malik said that the confinement that Muhammad ﷺ brought includes anything mentioned in the book of Allah (Quran) such as livestock, grains, slaves, and camels, as stated in verse 103 of Surah Al-Maidah. Muhammad bin Abdullah informed Abu Yusuf about this when he was with the Commander of the Believers.
مَالِكٌ الْحَبْسُ الَّذِي جَاءَ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ بِإِطْلَاقِهِ هُوَ الَّذِي فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ {مَا جَعَلَ اللهُ مِنْ بَحِيرَةٍ وَلَا سَائِبَةٍ وَلَا وَصِيلَةٍ وَلَا حَامٍ} [المائدة 103] قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ كَلَّمَ بِهِ مَالِكٌ أَبَا يُوسُفَ عِنْدَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
[Machine] I heard Ash-Shafi'i saying that Malik and Abu Yusuf gathered before the Commander of the Believers and they talked about al-wuquf (the act of standing) and what restrains people from it. Ya'qub said, "This is false." Shurayh said, "Muhammad ﷺ came with the complete abolition of restraint." Malik said, "Muhammad ﷺ came with the abolition of what they used to restrain for their idols, such as al-bahirah (sacrificial animal set free to roam) and as-sa'ibah (camel released for idols while they perform Hajj)." As for al-wuquf, this is the act of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) when he sought permission from the Prophet ﷺ who said, "Restrain its trunk and let its fruit fall." And this is the act of az-Zubayr. The Caliph was amazed by that, and Ya'qub remained unconvinced.
سَمِعْتُ الشَّافِعِيَّ يَقُولُ اجْتَمَعَ مَالِكٌ وَأَبُو يُوسُفَ عِنْدَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَتَكَلَّمَا فِي الْوُقُوفِ وَمَا يَحْبِسُهُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ هَذَا بَاطِلٌ قَالَ شُرَيْحٌ جَاءَ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ بِإِطْلَاقِ الْحَبْسِ فَقَالَ مَالِكٌ إِنَّمَا جَاءَ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ بِإِطْلَاقِ مَا كَانُوا يَحْبِسُونَهُ لِآلِهَتِهِمْ مِنَ الْبَحِيرَةِ وَالسَّائِبَةِ فَأَمَّا الْوُقُوفُ فَهَذَا وَقْفُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ حَيْثُ اسْتَأْذَنَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ احْبِسْ أَصْلَهَا وَسَبِّلْ ثَمَرَتَهَا وَهَذَا وَقْفُ الزُّبَيْرِ فَأَعْجَبَ الْخَلِيفَةَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ وَبَقِيَ يَعْقُوبُ
[Machine] He (someone) came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, this wall of mine is a charity, and it belongs to Allah and His Messenger." Then his parents came and said, "O Messenger of Allah, it was the means of our livelihood." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned it to them. Then they passed away, and their son inherited it. After this, Abu Bakr bin Hazm was appointed as a messenger. Abdullah bin Zaid did not meet him, and it has been narrated from other sources that he (Abdullah bin Zaid) broke (his connection) with all of them. This hadith is also mentioned in relation to continuous charity, as if he (the son) had given it as voluntary charity and left the choice of its disposal to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave it as charity on behalf of his parents.
أَنَّهُ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ حَائِطِي هَذَا صَدَقَةٌ وَهُوَ إِلَى اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَجَاءَ أَبَوَاهُ فَقَالَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَانَ قِوَامَ عَيْشِنَا فَرَدَّهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهِمَا ثُمَّ مَاتَا فَوَرِثَهُمَا ابْنُهُمَا بَعْدُ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ حَزْمٍ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ زَيْدٍ وَرُوِيَ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ أُخَرَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ كُلُّهُنَّ مَرَاسِيلُ وَالْحَدِيثُ وَارِدٌ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ الْمُنْقَطِعَةِ وَكَأَنَّهُ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ صَدَقَةَ تَطَوُّعٍ وَجَعَلَ مَصْرَفَهَا إِلَى اخْتِيَارِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَتَصَدَّقَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَبَوَيْهِ