Jibril shows the rites of Hajj to Ibrahim ᴬˢ
I said to Ibn Abbas: Your people claim that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed raml around the House and that this is a Sunnah. He said: They spoke truth and falsehood. I said: In what did they speak truth and falsehood? He said: They spoke truth that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed raml around the House, and they spoke falsehood that it is a Sunnah. Quraysh said at the time of al-Hudaybiyah: "Leave Muhammad and his companions until they die like maggots." When they made a treaty with him that they would come the following year and stay in Makkah for three days, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came while the polytheists were on the side of ˹the Mount˺ Quʿayqiʿan, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to his companions: "Perform raml around the House three times." But it is not a Sunnah.
I said: Your people claim that he went between al-Safa and al-Marwah on a camel, and that this is a Sunnah. He said: They spoke truth and falsehood. I said: In what did they speak truth and falsehood? He said: They spoke truth; he did go between al-Safa and al-Marwah on a camel, and they spoke falsehood; it is not a Sunnah. The people could not be pushed away from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, nor turned away from him, so he went on a camel so that they could hear his words and so their hands would not reach him.
I said: Your people claim that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed saʿī between al-Safa and al-Marwah, and that this is a Sunnah? He said: They spoke truth. When Ibrahim was commanded to perform the rites, the Shaytan appeared to him at the masʿā, so he raced him, and Ibrahim outran him. Then Jibril took him to Jamrat al-Aqabah, and a shaytan appeared to him, Yunus said: the Shaytan, so he pelted him with seven pebbles until he went away. Then he appeared to him at the middle jamrah, so he pelted him with seven pebbles.
He said: He had laid him down on his forehead. Yunus said: There he laid him down on his forehead. Ismail was wearing a white shirt, and he said: "My father, I have no garment in which you can shroud me other than this, so take it off so that you can shroud me in it." He set about trying to remove it, and a call came from behind him: "O Ibrahim, you have fulfilled the vision" [al-Saffat 105]. Ibrahim turned, and there was a white ram, horned and wide-eyed. Ibn Abbas said: I remember us seeking out that type of ram. He said: Then Jibril took him to the farthest jamrah, and the Shaytan appeared to him, so he pelted him with seven pebbles until he went away.
Then Jibril took him to Mina and said: "This is Mina." Yunus said: "This is the camping place of the people." Then he brought him to Jam', and said: "This is al-Mash'ar al-Haram." Then he took him to Arafah, and Ibn Abbas said: Do you know why it was named Arafah? I said: No. He said: Jibril said to Ibrahim: "Have you come to know?" Yunus said: "Have you come to know?" He said: Yes. Ibn Abbas said: From there it was named Arafah.
Then he said: Do you know how the talbiyah was? I said: How was it? He said: When Ibrahim was commanded to proclaim the Hajj among the people, the mountains lowered their heads for him and the villages were raised up for him, so he proclaimed the Hajj among the people.
قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ يَزْعُمُ قَوْمُكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ رَمَلَ بِالْبَيْتِ، وَأَنَّ ذَلِكَ سُنَّةٌ، فَقَالَ: صَدَقُوا وَكَذَبُوا. قُلْتُ: وَمَا صَدَقُوا وَكَذَبُوا؟ قَالَ: صَدَقُوا؛ رَمَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْبَيْتِ، وَكَذَبُوا؛ لَيْسَ بِسُنَّةٍ، إِنَّ قُرَيْشًا قَالَتْ زَمَنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ: دَعُوا مُحَمَّدًا وَأَصْحَابَهُ حَتَّى يَمُوتُوا مَوْتَ النَّغَفِ، فَلَمَّا صَالَحُوهُ عَلَى أَنْ يَقْدَمُوا مِنَ العَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ يُقِيمُوا بِمَكَّةَ ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، فَقَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ مِنْ قِبَلِ قُعَيْقِعَانَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِأَصْحَابِهِ: «ارْمُلُوا بِالْبَيْتِ ثَلاثًا»، وَلَيْسَ بِسُنَّةٍ.
قُلْتُ: وَيَزْعُمُ قَوْمُكَ أَنَّهُ طَافَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ، وَأَنَّ ذَلِكَ سُنَّةٌ، فَقَالَ: صَدَقُوا وَكَذَبُوا. فَقُلْتُ: وَمَا صَدَقُوا وَكَذَبُوا؟ فَقَالَ: صَدَقُوا؛ قَدْ طَافَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ، وَكَذَبُوا؛ لَيْسَ بِسُنَّةٍ، كَانَ النَّاسُ لَا يُدْفَعُونَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ وَلا يُصْرَفُونَ عَنْهُ، فَطَافَ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ لِيَسْمَعُوا كَلامَهُ وَلا تَنَالُهُ أَيْدِيهِمْ.
قُلْتُ: وَيَزْعُمُ قَوْمُكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ سَعَى بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ، وَأَنَّ ذَلِكَ سُنَّةٌ؟ قَالَ: صَدَقُوا. إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لَمَّا أُمِرَ بِالْمَنَاسِكِ، عَرَضَ لَهُ الشَّيْطَانُ عِنْدَ الْمَسْعَى، فَسَابَقَهُ فَسَبَقَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ، ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ بِهِ جِبْرِيلُ إِلَى جَمْرَةِ الْعَقَبَةِ، فَعَرَضَ لَهُ شَيْطَانٌ، قَالَ يُونُسُ: الشَّيْطَانُ، فَرَمَاهُ بِسَبْعِ حَصَيَاتٍ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ، ثُمَّ عَرَضَ لَهُ عِنْدَ الْجَمْرَةِ الْوُسْطَى، فَرَمَاهُ بِسَبْعِ حَصَيَاتٍ.
قَالَ: قَدْ تَلَّهُ لِلجَبِينِ. قَالَ يُونُسُ: وَثَمَّ تَلَّهُ لِلجَبِينِ، وَعَلَى إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَمِيصٌ أَبْيَضُ، وَقَالَ: يَا أَبَتِ، إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِي ثَوْبٌ تُكَفِّنُنِي فِيهِ غَيْرُهُ، فَاخْلَعْهُ حَتَّى تُكَفِّنَنِي فِيهِ، فَعَالَجَهُ لِيَخْلَعَهُ، فَنُودِيَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ: ﴿أَنْ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ قَدْ صَدَّقْتَ الرُّؤْيَا﴾ [الصافات 105]، فَالْتَفَتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِكَبْشٍ أَبْيَضَ أَقْرَنَ أَعْيَنَ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنَا نَتْبَعُ ذَلِكَ الضَّرْبَ مِنَ الكِبَاشِ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ بِهِ جِبْرِيلُ إِلَى الْجَمْرَةِ الْقُصْوَى، فَعَرَضَ لَهُ الشَّيْطَانُ، فَرَمَاهُ بِسَبْعِ حَصَيَاتٍ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ،
ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ بِهِ جِبْرِيلُ إِلَى مِنًى، قَالَ: هَذَا مِنًى. قَالَ يُونُسُ: هَذَا مُنَاخُ النَّاسِ. ثُمَّ أَتَى بِهِ جَمْعًا، فَقَالَ: هَذَا الْمَشْعَرُ الْحَرَامُ. ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ بِهِ إِلَى عَرَفَةَ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: هَلْ تَدْرِي لِمَ سُمِّيَتْ عَرَفَةَ؟ قُلْتُ: لَا. قَالَ: إِنَّ جِبْرِيلَ قَالَ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ: عَرَفْتَ؟ قَالَ يُونُسُ: هَلْ عَرَفْتَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: فَمِنْ ثَمَّ سُمِّيَتْ عَرَفَةَ.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: هَلْ تَدْرِي كَيْفَ كَانَتِ التَّلْبِيَةُ؟ قُلْتُ: وَكَيْفَ كَانَتْ؟ قَالَ: إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لَمَّا أُمِرَ أَنْ يُؤَذِّنَ فِي النَّاسِ بِالْحَجِّ، خَفَضَتْ لَهُ الْجِبَالُ رُءُوسَهَا، وَرُفِعَتْ لَهُ الْقُرَى، فَأَذَّنَ فِي النَّاسِ بِالْحَجِّ.
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