60. Sūrat al-Mumtaḥanah

٦٠۔ سُورَةُ المُمتَحَنة

60.2 Abraham and his companions are excellent examples for the believers. prayer of Abraham and his companions.

٦٠۔٢ مقطع في سُورَةُ المُمتَحَنة

quran:60:4

There has already been for you an excellent pattern in Abraham and those with him, when they said to their people, "Indeed, we are disassociated from you and from whatever you worship other than Allah. We have denied you, and there has appeared between us and you animosity and hatred forever until you believe in Allah alone" except for the saying of Abraham to his father, "I will surely ask forgiveness for you, but I have not ˹power to do˺ for you anything against Allah. Our Lord, upon You we have relied, and to You we have returned, and to You is the destination.  

Verily there is for you a good example (read iswa or uswa in both instances, meaning qudwa) in ˹the person of˺ Abraham, in terms of ˹his˺ sayings and deeds, and those who were with him, of believers, when they said to their people, ‘We are indeed innocent of you (bura’ā’ is the plural of barī’, similar ˹in form˺ to zarīf, ‘charming’) and of what you worship besides God. We repudiate you, we disavow you, and between us and you there has arisen enmity and hate forever (wa’l-baghdā’u abadan: pronounce both hamzas fully, or replace the second one with a wāw) until you ˹come to˺ believe in God alone’, except for Abraham’s saying to his father, ‘I shall ask forgiveness for you — ˹this statement is˺ excepted from ‘a ˹good˺ example’, so it is not ˹right˺ for you to follow his example in this ˹respect˺ by asking forgiveness for disbelievers. As for his saying: but I cannot avail you anything against God’ — that is, either against His chastisement or ˹to secure for you of˺ His reward — he ˹Abraham˺ is using it to intimate ˹to his father˺ that he can do nothing for him other than to ask forgiveness ˹for him˺, which ˹saying˺ is itself based on that ˹former statement˺ albeit excepted ˹from it˺ in terms of what is meant by it, even if on the face of it, it would seem to be ˹semantically˺ part of the ˹good˺ example to be followed: Say, ‘Who can avail you anything against God’ ˹Q. 48:11˺; his ˹Abraham’s˺ plea of forgiveness for him was before it became evident to him that he ˹his father˺ was an enemy of God, as mentioned in sūrat Barā’a ˹Q. 9:114˺. ‘Our Lord, in You we put our trust, and to You we turn ˹penitently˺, and to You is the journeying: these are the words of the Friend ˹of God, Abraham˺ and those who were with him, in other words, they were saying:
القرآن:٦٠:٤

قَدْ كَانَتْ لَكُمْ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ فِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ إِذْ قَالُوا لِقَوْمِهِمْ إِنَّا بُرَآءُ مِنْكُمْ وَمِمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ كَفَرْنَا بِكُمْ وَبَدَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمُ الْعَدَاوَةُ وَالْبَغْضَاءُ أَبَدًا حَتَّىٰ تُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ إِلَّا قَوْلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لِأَبِيهِ لَأَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ لَكَ وَمَا أَمْلِكُ لَكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ ۖ رَبَّنَا عَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْنَا وَإِلَيْكَ أَنَبْنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ  

(قد كانت لكم أسوة) بكسر الهمزة وضمها في الموضعين، قدوة (حسنة في إبراهيم) أي به قولا وفعلا (والذين معه) من المؤمنين (إذ قالوا لقومهم إنا برءاء) جمع بريء كظريف (منكم ومما تعبدون من دون الله كفرنا بكم) أنكرناكم (وبدا بيننا وبينكم العداوة والبغضاء أبدا) بتحقيق الهمزتين وإبدال الثانية واوا (حتى تؤمنوا بالله وحده إلا قول إبراهيم لأبيه لأستغفرن لك) مستثنى من أسوة، فليس لكم التأسي به في ذلك بأن تستغفروا للكفار وقوله (وما أملك لك من الله) أي من عذابه وثوابه (من شيء) كني به عن أنه لا يملك له غير الاستغفار فهو مبني عليه مستثنى من حيث ظاهره مما يتأسى فيه (قل فمن يملك لكم من الله شيئا) واستغفاره له قبل أن يتبين له أنه عدو لله كما ذكره في "" براءة "" (ربنا عليك توكلنا وإليك أنبنا وإليك المصير) من مقول الخليل ومن معه أي قالوا:
quran:60:5

Our Lord, make us not ˹objects of˺ torment for the disbelievers and forgive us, our Lord. Indeed, it is You who is the Exalted in Might, the Wise."  

Our Lord, do not make us a cause of beguilement for those who disbelieve, that is to say, do not make them prevail over us, lest they think that they are following the truth and are beguiled as a result, in other words, ˹lest˺ they lose their reason because of us; and forgive us. Our Lord, You are indeed the Mighty, the Wise’, in Your kingdom and Your actions.
القرآن:٦٠:٥

رَبَّنَا لَا تَجْعَلْنَا فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا رَبَّنَا ۖ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ  

{ربنا لا تجعلنا فتنة للذين كفروا} أي لا تظهرهم علينا فيظنوا أنهم على الحق فيفتنوا أي تذهب عقولهم بنا {واغفر لنا ربنا إنك أنت العزيز الحكيم} في ملكك وصنعك.
quran:60:6

There has certainly been for you in them an excellent pattern for anyone whose hope is in Allah and the Last Day. And whoever turns away - then indeed, Allah is the Free of need, the Praiseworthy.  

Verily there is for you, O community of Muhammad (s) (laqad kāna lakum is the response to an implied oath) in them a good example, for those ˹of you˺ who (li-man kāna is an inclusive substitution for –kum ˹of lakum, ‘for you’˺ with the same preposition ˹li-˺ repeated) anticipate God and the Last Day, that is, ˹for those˺ who fear these two, or who expect reward or punishment. And whoever turns away, by befriending the disbelievers, ˹should know that˺ God is the Independent, ˹without need˺ of His creatures, the Worthy of Praise, to those who obey Him.
القرآن:٦٠:٦

لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِيهِمْ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ لِمَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُو اللَّهَ وَالْيَوْمَ الْآخِرَ ۚ وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْغَنِيُّ الْحَمِيدُ  

{لقد كان لكم} يا أمة محمد جواب قسم مقدر {فيهم أسوة حسنة لمن كان} بدل اشتمال من كم بإعادة الجار {يرجوا الله واليوم الآخر} أي يخافهما أو يظن الثواب والعقاب {ومن يتول} بأن يوالي الكفار {فإن الله هو الغني} عن خلقه {الحميد} لأهل طاعته.