55. Sūrat al-Raḥmān (2/2)

٥٥۔ سُورَةُ الرَّحمن ص ٢

Qurʾān > Chapter 55
القرآن > كتاب ٥٥

The Beneficent (Medinan)

quran:55:51 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٥١ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:52 –

In both of them are of every fruit, two kinds.  

In both of them, of every fruit (fākiha) of ˹the fruits of˺ this world — or ˹it, fākiha, means˺ all those things in which one delights (yutafakkahu bihi) — there are two kinds, two varieties, one juicy, one dried, and those which in this world are bitter, like colocynth, will be sweet ˹therein˺.
القرآن:٥٥:٥٢ –

فِيهِمَا مِنْ كُلِّ فَاكِهَةٍ زَوْجَانِ  

{فيهما من كل فاكهة} في الدنيا أو كل ما يتفكه به {زوجان} نوعان رطب ويابس والمر منهما في الدنيا كالحنظل حلو.
quran:55:53 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٥٣ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:54 –

˹They are˺ reclining on beds whose linings are of silk brocade, and the fruit of the two gardens is hanging low.  

˹They will be˺ reclining (muttaki’īna is a circumstantial qualifier operated by an omitted ˹verb˺, that is to say, yatana‘‘amūna, they will enjoy bliss ˹while reclining˺’) upon couches lined with ˹heavy˺ silk brocade, (istabraq) thick or coarse silk, the outer lining being of fine silk (sundus). And the fruits of both gardens will be near, so that it may be reached by the one standing up, the one sitting down or the one lying down.
القرآن:٥٥:٥٤ –

مُتَّكِئِينَ عَلَىٰ فُرُشٍ بَطَائِنُهَا مِنْ إِسْتَبْرَقٍ ۚ وَجَنَى الْجَنَّتَيْنِ دَانٍ  

{متكئين} حال عامله محذوف، أي يتنعمون {على فرش بطائنها من إستبرق} ما غلظ من الديباج وخشن والظهائر من السندس {وجنى الجنتين} ثمرهما {دان} قريب يناله القائم والقاعد والمضطجع.
quran:55:55 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٥٥ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:56 –

In them are women limiting ˹their˺ glances, untouched before them by man or jinni -  

In them, in the two gardens and what they comprise of upper chambers and palaces, are maidens of restrained glances, ˹restricting˺ their eyes to those spouses of theirs from among ˹either˺ the men or the jinn who are reclining, ˹maidens˺ who have not been touched, ˹who˺ have not been deflowered — and these ˹maidens˺ are ˹either˺ houris or women of this world who ˹will˺ have been created ˹anew˺, by any man or jinn before them.
القرآن:٥٥:٥٦ –

فِيهِنَّ قَاصِرَاتُ الطَّرْفِ لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلَا جَانٌّ  

{فيهن} في الجنتين وما اشتملتا عليه من العلالي والقصور {قاصرات الطرف} العين على أزواجهن المتكئين من الإنس والجن {لم يطمثهن} يفتضهن وهن من الحور أو من نساء الدنيا المنشآت {إنس قبلهم ولا جان}.
quran:55:57 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٥٧ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:58 –

As if they were rubies and coral.  

It is as though they are rubies, in their purity, and pearls, in their fairness.
القرآن:٥٥:٥٨ –

كَأَنَّهُنَّ الْيَاقُوتُ وَالْمَرْجَانُ  

{كأنهن الياقوت} صفاء {والمرجان} اللؤلؤ بياضا.
quran:55:59 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٥٩ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:60 –

Is the reward for good ˹anything˺ but good?  

Is the reward of goodness, ˹manifested˺ through obedience, anything but goodness?, ˹granted˺ through bliss?
القرآن:٥٥:٦٠ –

هَلْ جَزَاءُ الْإِحْسَانِ إِلَّا الْإِحْسَانُ  

{هل} ما {جزاء الإحسان} بالطاعة {إلا الإحسان} بالنعيم.
quran:55:61 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٦١ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:62 –

And below them both ˹in excellence˺ are two ˹other˺ gardens -  

And beside these, two mentioned gardens, there will be two ˹other˺ gardens, in addition, for those who feared the standing before their Lord.
القرآن:٥٥:٦٢ –

وَمِنْ دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ  

{ومن دونهما} الجنتين المذكورتين {جنتان} أيضا لمن خاف مقام ربه.
quran:55:63 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٦٣ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:64 –

Dark green ˹in color˺.  

Deep green (mudhāmmatān, ˹this means that they are almost˺ black on account of the intensity of their greenness).
القرآن:٥٥:٦٤ –

مُدْهَامَّتَانِ  

{مدهامتان} سوداوان من شدة خضرتهما.
quran:55:65 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٦٥ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:66 –

In both of them are two springs, spouting.  

In both of them will be two gushing fountains, rushing with water, unceasing.
القرآن:٥٥:٦٦ –

فِيهِمَا عَيْنَانِ نَضَّاخَتَانِ  

{فيهما عينان نضاختان} فوارتان بالماء.
quran:55:67 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٦٧ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:68 –

In both of them are fruit and palm trees and pomegranates.  

In both of them will be fruits and date-palms and pomegranates, the ˹latter˺ two ˹fruits˺ being from among these ˹fruits of the two gardens˺; but it is also said that they belong to ˹the fruits of˺ some other ˹garden˺.
القرآن:٥٥:٦٨ –

فِيهِمَا فَاكِهَةٌ وَنَخْلٌ وَرُمَّانٌ  

{فيهما فاكهة ونخل ورمان} هما منها وقيل من غيرها.
quran:55:69 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٦٩ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:70 –

In them are good and beautiful women -  

In them, that is, in the two gardens and their palaces and what they comprise, are maidens ˹who are˺ good, in nature ˹and with˺, beautiful, faces.
القرآن:٥٥:٧٠ –

فِيهِنَّ خَيْرَاتٌ حِسَانٌ  

{فيهن} أي الجنتين وما فيهما {خيرات} أخلاقا {حسان} وجوها.
quran:55:71 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٧١ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:72 –

Fair ones reserved in pavilions -  

Houris (hur, this means maidens with intense black eyes set against the ˹intense˺ whiteness ˹of the iris˺) secluded, concealed, in pavilions, made of studded gems, annexed to the palaces, like boudoirs.
القرآن:٥٥:٧٢ –

حُورٌ مَقْصُورَاتٌ فِي الْخِيَامِ  

{حور} شديدات سواد العيون وبياضها {مقصورات} مستورات {في الخيام} من در مجوف مضافة إلى القصور شبيهة بالخدور.
quran:55:73 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٧٣ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:74 –

Untouched before them by man or jinni -  

Untouched by any man before them, before these ˹soon-to-be˺ spouses of theirs, or jinn.
القرآن:٥٥:٧٤ –

لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلَا جَانٌّ  

{لم يطمثهن إنس قبلهم} قبل أزواجهن {ولا جان}.
quran:55:75 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٧٥ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:76 –

Reclining on green cushions and beautiful fine carpets.  

Reclining, namely, their spouses (muttaki’īna, syntactically, it is as ˹described˺ above) upon green cushions (rafraf is the plural of rafrafa, which can mean ˹either˺ ‘carpets’ or ‘cushions’) and lovely druggets (‘abqariyyin, the plural of ‘abqariyya, which are velvet carpets).
القرآن:٥٥:٧٦ –

مُتَّكِئِينَ عَلَىٰ رَفْرَفٍ خُضْرٍ وَعَبْقَرِيٍّ حِسَانٍ  

{متكئين} أي أزواجهم وإعرابه كما تقدم {على رفرف خضر} جمع رفرفة، أي بسط أو وسائد {وعبقري حسان} جمع عبقرية، أي طنافس.
quran:55:77 –

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?  

So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
القرآن:٥٥:٧٧ –

فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ  

{فبأي آلاء ربكما تكذبان}.
quran:55:78 –

Blessed is the name of your Lord, Owner of Majesty and Honor.  

Blessed be the Name of your Lord, He of Majesty and Munificence (as ˹explained˺ above; the word ism is extra). Meccan, except for verses 81 and 82, which are Medinese; it consists of 96, 97 or 99 verses.
القرآن:٥٥:٧٨ –

تَبَارَكَ اسْمُ رَبِّكَ ذِي الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ  

{تبارك اسم ربك ذي الجلال والإكرام} تقدم ولفظ اسم زائد.