قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ لَا يَحْزُنْكَ الَّذِينَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْكُفْرِ} [المائدة: 41]
The people passed by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with a Jew who was blackened with charcoal and who was being flogged. He called them and said: Is this the prescribed punishment for a fornicator? They said: Yes. He then called on a learned man among them and asked him: I adjure you by Allah Who revealed the Torah to Moses, do you find this prescribed punishment for a fornicator in your divine Book? He said: By Allah, no. If you had not adjured me about this, I should not have informed you. We find stoning to be prescribed punishment for a fornicator in our Divine Book. But it (fornication) became frequent in our people of rank; so when we seized a person of rank, we left him alone, and when we seized a weak person, we inflicted the prescribed punishment on him. So we said: Come, let us agree on something which may be enforced equally on people of higher and lower rank. So we agreed to blacken the face of a criminal with charcoal, and flog him, and we abandoned stoning. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said: O Allah, I am the first to give life to Thy command which they have killed. So he commanded regarding him (the Jew) and he was stoned to death. Allah Most High then sent down: "O Apostle, let not those who race one another into unbelief, make thee grieve..." up to "They say: If you are given this, take it, but if not, beware!...." up to "And if any do fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are (no better than) unbelievers," about Jews, up to "And if any do fail to judge by (the right of) what Allah hath revealed, they are no better than) wrong-doers" about Jews: and revealed the verses up to "And if any do fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are (no better than) those who rebel." About this he said: This whole verse was revealed about the infidels. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4448)
مُرَّ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِيَهُودِيٍّ مُحَمَّمٍ مَجْلُودٍ فَدَعَاهُمْ فَقَالَ «هَكَذَا تَجِدُونَ حَدَّ الزَّانِي فِي كِتَابِكُمْ؟» قَالُوا نَعَمْ فَدَعَا رَجُلًا مِنْ عُلَمَائِهِمْ فَقَالَ «أَنْشُدُكَ بِاللهِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ التَّوْرَاةَ عَلَى مُوسَى أَهَكَذَا تَجِدُونَ حَدَّ الزَّانِي فِي كِتَابِكُمْ؟» فَقَالَ لَا وَلَوْلَا مَا نَشَدْتَنِي لَمْ أُخْبِرْكَ نَجِدُ حَدَّ الزَّانِي فِي كِتَابِنَا الرَّجْمُ وَلَكِنَّهُ ظَهَرَ فِي أَشْرَافِنَا فَكُنَّا إِذَا أَخَذْنَا الرَّجُلَ الشَّرِيفَ تَرَكْنَاهُ وَإِذَا أَخَذْنَا الرَّجُلَ الضَّعِيفَ أَقَمْنَا عَلَيْهِ الْحَدَّ فَقُلْنَا تَعَالَوْا نَجْتَمِعُ عَلَى شَيْءٍ نُقِيمُهُ عَلَى الشَّرِيفِ وَالْوَضِيعِ فَاجْتَمَعْنَا عَلَى التَّحَمُّمِ وَالْجِلْدِ وَتَرَكْنَا الرَّجْمَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِنِّي أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَحْيَا أَمَرَكَ إِذْ أَمَاتُوهُ» فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَرُجِمَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ لَا يَحْزُنْكَ الَّذِينَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْكُفْرِ} [المائدة 41] إِلَى {وَإِنْ لَمْ تُؤْتَوْهُ فَاحْذَرُوا} [المائدة 41] يَقُولُ ائْتُوا مُحَمَّدًا فَإِنْ أَفْتَاكُمْ بِالتَّحَمُّمِ وَالْجَلْدِ فَخُذُوهُ وَإِنْ أَفْتَاكُمْ بِالرَّجْمِ فَاحْذَرُوا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ} [المائدة 44] فِي الْيَهُودِ وَإِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ} [المائدة 45] فِي الْيَهُودِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ} [المائدة 47] قَالَ فِي الْكُفَّارِ كُلُّهَا يَعْنِي الْآيَةَ