24. Liabilities and Trusts
٢٤۔ كِتَابُ الْعَارِيَةِ وَالْوَدِيعَةِ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me: When my messengers come to you, give them thirty coats of mail, and thirty camels. I asked: Messenger of Allah, is it a loan with a guarantee of its return, or a loan to be paid back? He replied : It is a loan to be paid back. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3566)
قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِذَا أَتَتْكَ رُسُلِي فَأَعْطِهِمْ ثَلَاثِينَ دِرْعًا وَثَلَاثِينَ بَعِيرًا» فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَعَارِيَةٌ مَضْمُونَةٌ أَوْ عَارِيَةٌ مُؤَدَّاةٌ؟ قَالَ «بَلْ عَارِيَةٌ مُؤَدَّاةٌ»
[Machine] The messenger of Allah borrowed thirty horses from him and I estimate that he borrowed thirty camels. He said, "O messenger of Allah, are they borrowed with a guarantee or borrowed to be returned?" He said, "No, they are borrowed to be returned."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَعَارَ مِنْهُ ثَلَاثِينَ فَرَسًا قَالَ وَأَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ وَثَلَاثِينَ بَعِيرًا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَعَارِيَةٌ مَضْمُونَةٌ أَوْ عَارِيَةٌ مُؤَدَّاةٌ؟ قَالَ «بَلْ عَارِيَةٌ مُؤَدَّاةٌ»
[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ borrowed from Safwan some shields, horses, and narrated the incident.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَعَارَ مِنْ صَفْوَانَ أَدْرُعًا وَأَفْرَاسًا وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ
24.2 [Machine] Mention the disagreement between Sharik and Israel regarding Abdul Aziz bin Rufai in this hadith
٢٤۔٢ بَابُ ذِكْرِ اخْتِلَافِ شَرِيكٍ، وَإِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ رُفَيْعٍ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ borrowed a set of armor from him on the day of Hunayn. He said, "Is it on loan, O Muhammad?" He replied, "No, it is a trust." Some of it went missing, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ offered to make it up to him. He said, "I am content with you, O Messenger of Allah, in Islam today."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَعَارَ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ أَدْرَاعًا قَالَ غَصْبٌ يَا مُحَمَّدُ؟ قَالَ «بَلْ عَارِيَةٌ مَضْمُونَةٌ» قَالَ فَضَاعَ بَعْضُهَا فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَضْمَنَهَا لَهُ قَالَ أَنَا الْيَوْمَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ أَرْغَبُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ borrowed some armor from Safwan ibn Umayyah, and part of it was destroyed. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If you wish, I can either pay for it or replace it." Safwan replied, "No, O Messenger of Allah."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَعَارَ مِنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ دُرُوعًا فَهَلَكَ بَعْضُهَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِنْ شِئْتَ غَرِمْنَاهَا» قَالَ لَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ
24.3 [Machine] The Heading: "الْمَنِيحَةُ" translated into English.
٢٤۔٣ الْمَنِيحَةُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Nudity is to be covered and the private parts are to be covered." A man said, "O Messenger of Allah, what about the covenant of Allah ﷻ?" He said, "The covenant of Allah is more deserving to be fulfilled."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «الْعَارِيَةُ مُؤَدَّاةٌ وَالْمَنِيحَةُ مُؤَدَّاةٌ» قَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَ عَهْدَ اللهِ ﷻ قَالَ «عَهْدُ اللهِ أَحَقُّ مَا أُدِّيَ»
I heard Abu Umamah say: “I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: 'Borrowed items are to be returned and an animal borrowed for milking is to be returned.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2398)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «الْعَارِيَةُ مُؤَدَّاةٌ وَالْمَنِيحَةٌ مَرْدُودَةٌ»
“The hand that takes is responsible for what it has taken until it returns it.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2400)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «عَلَى الْيَدِ مَا أَخَذَتْ حَتَّى تُؤَدِّيَهُ»
24.4 [Machine] The inclusion of livestock owners whose livestock have been spoiled at night.
٢٤۔٤ تَضْمِينُ أَهْلِ الْمَاشِيَةِ مَا أَفْسَدَتْ مَوَاشِيهِمْ بِاللَّيْلِ
[Machine] "That the camel of the family of Al-Bara'ah caused some trouble, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ decreed that the fruits be guarded during the day by their owners and that the owners of livestock be held responsible for any damage caused by their animals at night."
أَنَّ نَاقَةً لِآلِ الْبَرَاءِ أَفْسَدَتْ شَيْئًا فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ حِفْظَ الثِّمَارِ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَضَمَّنَ أَهْلَ الْمَاشِيَةِ مَا أَفْسَدَتْ مَاشِيَتُهُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ
Al-Bara' had a she-camel which was accustomed to graze the standing crop belonging to the people. She entered a garden and did damage to it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was informed about it. So he gave decision that the owners of gardens are responsible for guarding them by day, and the owners of the animals are responsible for guarding them by night. Any damage done by animals during the night is a responsibility lying on their owners. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3570)
أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَتْ لَهُ نَاقَةٌ ضَارِيَةٌ فَدَخَلَتْ حَائِطًا فَأَفْسَدَتْ فِيهِ فَكَلَّمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ حِفْظَ الْحَوَائِطِ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَحِفْظَ الْمَوَاشِي عَلَى أَهْلِهَا بِاللَّيْلِ وَأَنَّ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَاشِيَةِ مَا أَصَابَتْ بِاللَّيْلِ»
24.5 [Machine] The mention of discrepancies concerning Al-Zuhri in this hadith.
٢٤۔٥ ذِكْرُ الِاخْتِلَافِ عَلَى الزُّهْرِيِّ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ
[Machine] A camel belonging to Al-Bara' ibn 'Azib caused damage to a wall of some people. That was reported to the Prophet ﷺ , so he ruled for the guardianship of the animals at night to be the responsibility of its owner, and for the guardianship of the walls to be the responsibility of its owner during the day.
أَفْسَدَتْ نَاقَةٌ لِلْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ فِي حَائِطِ قَوْمٍ فَرُفِعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَضَى بِحِفْظِ الْمَاشِيَةِ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا بِاللَّيْلِ وَحِفْظِ الْحَوَائِطِ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا بِالنَّهَارِ
[Machine] "There was a camel that fell into the wall of a people, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled upon it; the preservation of wealth is during the day and the preservation of livestock is during the night, and that is the Nafsh that Allah mentioned in the Quran," said Abu Abdur Rahman Muhammad bin Maisarah. He is Muhammad bin Abi Hafsah and he is weak."
أَنَّ نَاقَةً لَهُ وَقَعَتْ فِي حَائِطِ قَوْمٍ فَقَضَى فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ؛ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَمْوَالِ الْحِفْظُ بِالنَّهَارِ وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَوَاشِي الْحِفْظُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَهُوَ النَّفْشُ الَّذِي ذَكَرَ اللهُ ﷻ فِي الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَيْسَرَةَ هُوَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ
24.6 [Machine] In the animal, it hits its leg.
٢٤۔٦ فِي الدَّابَّةِ تُصِيبُ بِرِجْلِهَا
The Prophet ﷺ said: No recompense is to be demanded if one is kicked by an animal. Abu Dawud said: An animal kicks someone with its leg while one is riding on it. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4592)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «الرِّجْلُ جُبَارٌ»
“(The injuries caused by) a fire are without liability, and by falling into a well.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2676)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «النَّارُ جُبَارٌ وَالْبِئْرُ جُبَارٌ»