Caution: Translations of Quran and Ḥadīth may lead to possible misapplications and misinterpretations. This site is intended for students of sacred knowledge that are proficient in comprehending classical Arabic and have a strong foundation in Islamic sciences. Also note that religious injunctions rely on several aspects beyond what one may glean through reading individual aḥādīth.

ذِكْرُ اسْتِحْبَابِ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ أَوْ بَعْضِ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ لِمَنْ عَجَزَ عَنْ صَوْمِ الْيَوْمِ بِكَمَالِهِ

ibnhibban:3620ʿUmar b. Muḥammad al-Hamdānī > Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Aʿlá al-Ṣanʿānī > Bishr b. al-Mufaḍḍal > Khālid b. Dhakwān > al-Rubayyiʿ b. Muʿawwidh Ibn ʿAfrāʾ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a message to the Ansar villages surrounding Medina on the morning of Ashura, saying: "Whoever starts the day fasting, let them complete their fast; and whoever starts the day not fasting, let them fast the rest of the day." She (one of the narrators) said: "So we used to fast on that day, as well as make our young children fast, and we would take them to the mosque and give them toys made of wool. If one of them started crying from hunger, we would give them the toy until it was time to break the fast."  

ابن حبّان:٣٦٢٠أَخْبَرَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى الصَّنْعَانِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ ذَكْوَانَ عَنِ الرُّبَيِّعِ بِنْتِ مُعَوِّذِ ابْنِ عَفْرَاءَ قَالَتْ

أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ غَدَاةَ عَاشُورَاءَ إِلَى قُرَى الْأَنْصَارِ الَّتِي حَوْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ «مَنْ كَانَ أَصْبَحَ صَائِمًا فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ أَصْبَحَ مُفْطِرًا فَلْيَصُمْ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ» قَالَتْ فَكُنَّا نَصُومُهُ وَنُصَوِّمُ صِبْيَانَنَا الصِّغَارَ وَنَذْهَبُ بِهِمْ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَنَجْعَلُ لَهُمُ اللُّعْبَةَ مِنَ الْعِهْنِ فَإِذَا بَكَى أَحَدُهُمْ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ أَعْطَيْنَاهَا إِيَّاهُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ عِنْدَ الْإِفْطَارِ  


See similar narrations below:

Collected by Bukhārī, Muslim, Ṭabarānī, Bayhaqī
bukhari:1960Musaddad > Bishr b. al-Mufaḍḍal > Khālid b. Dhakwān > al-Rubayyiʿ b. Muʿawwidh

"The Prophet ﷺ sent a messenger to the village of the Ansar in the morning of the day of 'Ashura' (10th of Muharram) to announce: 'Whoever has eaten something should not eat but complete the fast, and whoever is observing the fast should complete it.' "She further said, "Since then we used to fast on that day regularly and also make our boys fast. We used to make toys of wool for the boys and if anyone of them cried for, he was given those toys till it was the time of the breaking of the fast."  

البخاري:١٩٦٠حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ ذَكْوَانَ عَنِ الرُّبَيِّعِ بِنْتِ مُعَوِّذٍ قَالَتْ

أَرْسَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ غَدَاةَ عَاشُورَاءَ إِلَى قُرَى الأَنْصَارِ مَنْ أَصْبَحَ مُفْطِرًا فَلْيُتِمَّ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ وَمَنْ أَصْبَحَ صَائِمًا فَلْيَصُمْ قَالَتْ فَكُنَّا نَصُومُهُ بَعْدُ وَنُصَوِّمُ صِبْيَانَنَا وَنَجْعَلُ لَهُمُ اللُّعْبَةَ مِنَ الْعِهْنِ فَإِذَا بَكَى أَحَدُهُمْ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ أَعْطَيْنَاهُ ذَاكَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ عِنْدَ الإِفْطَارِ  

muslim:1136aAbū Bakr b. Nāfiʿ al-ʿAbdī > Bishr b. al-Mufaḍḍal b. Lāḥiq > Khālid b. Dhakwān > al-Rubayyiʿ b. Muʿawwidh b. ʿAfrāʾ

He who got up in the morning fasting (without eating anything) he should complete his fast, and he who had had his breakfast in the morning, he should complete the rest of the day (without food). The Companions said; We henceforth observed fast on it (on the day of 'Ashura) and, God willing, made our children observe that. We went to the mosque and made toys out of wool for them and when anyone felt hungry and wept for food we gave them these toys till it was the time to break the fast.  

مسلم:١١٣٦aوَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ نَافِعٍ الْعَبْدِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ لاَحِقٍ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ ذَكْوَانَ عَنِ الرُّبَيِّعِ بِنْتِ مُعَوِّذِ بْنِ عَفْرَاءَ قَالَتْ

أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ غَدَاةَ عَاشُورَاءَ إِلَى قُرَى الأَنْصَارِ الَّتِي حَوْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ مَنْ كَانَ أَصْبَحَ صَائِمًا فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ أَصْبَحَ مُفْطِرًا فَلْيُتِمَّ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ فَكُنَّا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ نَصُومُهُ وَنُصَوِّمُ صِبْيَانَنَا الصِّغَارَ مِنْهُمْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ وَنَذْهَبُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَنَجْعَلُ لَهُمُ اللُّعْبَةَ مِنَ الْعِهْنِ فَإِذَا بَكَى أَحَدُهُمْ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ أَعْطَيْنَاهَا إِيَّاهُ عِنْدَ الإِفْطَارِ  

tabarani:21166Muʿādh b. al-Muthanná > Musaddad > Bishr b. al-Mufaḍḍal > Khālid b. Dhakwān > al-Rubayyiʿ b. Muʿawwidh b. ʿAfrāʾ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent on the morning of the day of Ashura to the towns of the Ansar that were around Madinah, saying, "Whoever wakes up fasting should complete his fast, and whoever wakes up without fasting should fast for the rest of the day." So we would fast it, and our young children would also fast. We would make toys for them from wool, and we would take them to the orchard. If any of them cried due to hunger, we would give them that (the toy) until it was time to break the fast.  

الطبراني:٢١١٦٦حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ ثنا خَالِدُ بْنُ ذَكْوَانَ عَنِ الرُّبَيِّعِ بِنْتِ مُعَوِّذِ بْنِ عَفْرَاءَ قَالَتْ

أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَبِيحَةَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ إِلَى قُرَى الْأَنْصَارِ الَّتِي حَوْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ «مَنْ كَانَ أَصْبَحَ صَائِمًا فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ أَصْبَحَ مُفْطِرًا فَلْيَصُمْ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ» فَكُنَّا نَصُومُهُ وَيَصُومُ صِبْيَانُنَا الصِّغَارُ وَنَجْعَلُ لَهُمُ اللُّعْبَةَ مِنَ الْعِهْنِ وَنَذْهَبُ بِهِنَّ إِلَى الْبُسْتَانِ وَإِذَا بَكَى أَحَدُهُمْ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ أَعْطَيْنَاهُ ذَاكَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ عِنْدَ الْإِفْطَارِ  

bayhaqi:8408Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū ʿAbdullāh Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > Yaḥyá b. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá > Musaddad > Bishr b. al-Mufaḍḍal > Khālid b. Dhakwān > al-Rubayyiʿ b. Muʿawwidh b. ʿAfrāʾ

He who got up in the morning fasting (without eating anything) he should complete his fast, and he who had had his breakfast in the morning, he should complete the rest of the day (without food). The Companions said; We henceforth observed fast on it (on the day of 'Ashura) and, God willing, made our children observe that. We went to the mosque and made toys out of wool for them and when anyone felt hungry and wept for food we gave them these toys till it was the time to break the fast. (Using translation from Muslim 1136a)   

البيهقي:٨٤٠٨أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ ثنا خَالِدُ بْنُ ذَكْوَانَ عَنِ الرُّبَيِّعِ بِنْتِ مُعَوِّذِ بْنِ عَفْرَاءَ ؓ قَالَتْ

أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَبِيحَةَ عَاشُورَاءَ إِلَى قُرَى الْأَنْصَارِ الَّتِي حَوْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ مَنْ كَانَ أَصْبَحَ صَائِمًا فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ أَصْبَحَ مُفْطِرًا فَلْيُتِمَّ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ قَالَتْ فَكُنَّا نَصُومُهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَنُصَوِّمُ صِبْيَانَنَا الصِّغَارَ وَنَجْعَلُ لَهُمُ اللُّعْبَةَ مِنَ الْعِهْنِ وَنَذْهَبُ بِهِمْ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَإِذَا بَكَى أَحَدُهُمْ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ أَعْطَيْنَاهُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ عِنْدَ الْإِفْطَارِ  

رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُسَدَّدٍ وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ نَافِعٍ عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ