16. Book of Transactions
١٦۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
[Machine] The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ came to us while we were selling slaves in the city, and we used to call ourselves brokers. He then gave us a better name than what we called ourselves. He said, "O merchants! This trade involves idle talk and oaths, so purify it with charity." This is the wording of the hadith of Thawri.
جَاءَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ نَبِيعُ الرَّقِيقَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَكُنَّا نُسَمَّيَ السَّمَاسِرَةَ فَسَمَّانَا بِأَحْسَنَ مِمَّا سَمَّيْنَا بِهِ أَنْفُسَنَا فَقَالَ «يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ إِنَّ هَذَا الْبَيْعَ يَحْضُرُهُ اللَّغْوُ وَالْأَيْمَانُ فَشُوبُوهُ بِالصَّدَقَةِ» هَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الثَّوْرِيِّ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The truthful, trustworthy Muslim merchant will be with the martyrs on the Day of Resurrection." Kulthum, who has limited speech, reported this hadith, but it has not been mentioned by any other narrator. However, there is a witness in the narrations of Al-Hasan. Kulthum bin Jusham's weakness has been mentioned by Abu Hatim.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «التَّاجِرُ الصَّدُوقُ الْأَمِينُ الْمُسْلِمُ مَعَ الشُّهَدَاءِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ» كُلْثُومٌ هَذَا بَصَرِيٌّ قَلِيلُ الْحَدِيثِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ وَلَهُ شَاهِدٌ فِي مَرَاسِيلِ الْحَسَنِ كلثوم بن جوشن ضعفه أبو حاتم
"The truthful, trustworthy merchant is with the Prophets, the truthful, and the martyrs." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1209)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «التَّاجِرُ الصَّدُوقُ الْأَمِينُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ»
From his father, from his grandfather, that he went with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to the Musalla, and he saw the people doing business so he said: 'O people of trade!' and they replied to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ turning their necks and their gazes towards him, and he said: Indeed the merchants will be resurrected on the Day of judgement with the wicked, except the one who has Taqwa of Allah, who behaves charitably and is truthful.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1210)
أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْمُصَلَّى بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَوَجَدَ النَّاسَ يَتَبَايَعُونَ فَقَالَ «يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ» فَاسْتَجَابُوا لَهُ وَرَفَعُوا أَبْصَارَهُمْ وَأَعْنَاقَهُمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ التُّجَّارَ يُبْعَثُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فُجَّارًا إِلَّا مَنِ اتَّقَى وَبَرَّ وَصَدَقَ»
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: "Indeed, the traders are the wicked." They said, "O Messenger of Allah, hasn't Allah made trading permissible?" He said, "Yes, but they swear falsely and commit sins, and they engage in deception and lie."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِنَّ التُّجَّارَ هُمُ الْفُجَّارُ» قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَيْسَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ الْبَيْعَ؟ قَالَ «بَلَى وَلَكِنَّهُمْ يَحْلِفُونَ فَيَأْثَمُونَ وَيُحَدِّثُونَ فَيَكْذِبُونَ»
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Merchants are the sinful ones, merchants are the sinful ones." They said, "O Messenger of Allah, hasn't Allah made trade lawful?" He said, "Indeed, but they lie and commit perjury, so they sin."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «التُّجَّارُ هُمُ الْفُجَّارُ التُّجَّارُ هُمُ الْفُجَّارُ» قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَيْسَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ الْبَيْعَ؟ قَالَ «بَلَى وَلَكِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ فَيَكْذِبُونَ وَيَحْلِفُونَ فَيَأْثَمُونَ»
[Machine] The messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, among the signs of the Hour are that wealth will overflow, ignorance will increase, turmoil will appear, and commerce will spread."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِ السَّاعَةِ أَنْ يَفِيضَ الْمَالُ وَيَكْثُرَ الْجَهْلُ وَتَظْهَرَ الْفِتَنُ وَتَفْشُوَ التِّجَارَةُ»
[Machine] A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, which cities are the worst?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "I do not know." When Jibril (Gabriel) came to him, he asked him the same question. Jibril replied, "I don't know until I ask my Lord." So, Jibril went away and stayed as long as Allah willed, then he returned and said, "O Muhammad, indeed you asked me which cities are the worst, and I said I don't know, but I asked my Lord, and He answered: 'The worst of them in terms of their markets.'"
أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ الْبُلْدَانِ شَرٌّ؟ فَقَالَ «لَا أَدْرِي» فَلَمَّا أَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ «يَا جِبْرِيلُ أَيُّ الْبُلْدَانِ شَرٌّ؟» قَالَ لَا أَدْرِي حَتَّى أَسْأَلَ رَبِّي فَانْطَلَقَ جِبْرِيلُ فَمَكَثَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَمْكُثَ ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّكَ سَأَلْتَنِي أَيُّ الْبُلْدَانِ شَرٌّ وَإِنِّي قُلْتُ لَا أَدْرِي وَإِنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَبِّي فَقُلْتُ أَيُّ الْبُلْدَانِ شَرٌّ؟ فَقَالَ أَسْوَاقُهَا
[Machine] A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, which are the best places?" The Prophet replied, "I do not know." The man asked, "Which are the worst places?" The Prophet again replied, "I do not know." Then, Jibril came to him and said, "Ask your Lord." So, the Prophet asked Allah, and Jibril informed him that Allah had asked which are the best places, to which the Prophet had replied, "I do not know," and which are the worst places, to which the Prophet had also replied, "I do not know." Jibril then said, "Yes." Then, Jibril told him that the best places are the mosques, and the worst places are the marketplaces.
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ الْبِقَاعِ خَيْرٌ؟ فَقَالَ «لَا أَدْرِي» قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْبِقَاعِ شَرٌّ؟ فَقَالَ «لَا أَدْرِي» فَأَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ فَقَالَ «سَلْ رَبَّكَ» فَقَالَ جِبْرِيلُ مَا نَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَانْتَفَضَ انْتِفَاضَةً كَادَ أَنْ يُصْعَقَ مِنْهُمَا مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ فَلَمَّا صَعِدَ جِبْرِيلُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى سَأَلَكَ مُحَمَّدٌ أَيُّ الْبِقَاعِ خَيْرٌ؟ فَقُلْتَ لَا أَدْرِي وَسَأَلَكَ أَيُّ الْبِقَاعِ شَرٌّ؟ فَقُلْتَ لَا أَدْرِي قَالَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَحَدِّثْهُ أَنَّ «خَيْرَ الْبِقَاعِ الْمَسَاجِدُ وَأَنَّ شَرَّ الْبِقَاعِ الْأَسْوَاقُ» صحيح
let those of your who are sedate and prudent be near me, then those who are next to them, then those who are next to them. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 674)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لِيَلِيَنِي مِنْكُمْ أُولُو الْأَحْلَامِ وَالنُّهَى ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ وَلَا تَخْتَلِفُوا فَتَخْتَلِفَ قُلُوبُكُمْ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَهَيْشَاتِ الْأَسْوَاقِ»
[Machine] Abu Hurairah narrated that a man swore an oath regarding his possession, and this narration is different from that due to the addition of the verse's revelation and others. It is authentic.
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَجُلٌ حَلَفَ عَلَى سِلْعَةٍ لَهُ الْحَدِيثُ وَهَذَا غَيْرُ ذَاكَ بِزِيَادَةِ نُزُولِ الْآيَةِ وَغَيْرِهَاصحيح
"I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: 'The Muslim is the brother of another Muslim, and it is not permissible for a Muslim to sell his brother goods in which there is a defect, without pointing that out to him."' (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2246)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «الْمُسْلِمُ أَخُو الْمُسْلِمِ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لِمُسْلِمٍ إِنْ بَاعَ مِنْ أَخِيهِ بَيْعًا فِيهِ عَيْبٌ أَنْ لَا يُبَيِّنَهُ لَهُ»
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ passed by a man selling food, and it impressed him. So, he put his hand in it, and it turned out to be wet food. The Prophet ﷺ said, "He who deceives us is not one of us."
مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِرَجُلٍ يَبِيعُ طَعَامًا فَأَعْجَبَهُ فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِيهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِطَعَامٍ مَبْلُولٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ غَشَّنَا»