[Machine] Narrated by Urwah ibn Zubayr about the naming of someone who witnessed the Battle of Badr but did not actually participate in it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ aimed an arrow at him, then Uthman ibn Affan, son of Abu al-'As ibn Umayyah ibn 'Abd Shams, struck him with an arrow. Uthman stayed behind in Madinah while his wife Ruqayyah, daughter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , was ill. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ struck him with an arrow. He asked, "What is my reward, O Messenger of Allah?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "Your reward is with Allah." Talhah ibn 'Ubaidullah ibn Uthman ibn 'Amr ibn Ka'b ibn Sa'd ibn Taym also came from Sham after the Prophet ﷺ returned to Madinah. The Prophet ﷺ struck him with his arrow. He asked, "What is my reward, O Messenger of Allah?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Your reward is with Allah." Said ibn Zaid ibn 'Amr ibn Nufayl also came from Sham after the Prophet ﷺ returned to Madinah. The Prophet ﷺ struck him with his arrow. He asked, "What is my reward, O Messenger of Allah?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Your reward is with Allah." These three were from the Muhajirun (migrants). As for the Ansar (helpers), Abu Lubabah ibn 'Abd al-Mundhir went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to Badr, but the Prophet ﷺ ordered him to return to Madinah, so he struck him with his arrow. Harith ibn Hattib also went out with the Prophet ﷺ to Badr, but his arm was fractured in the Rawhaa' area, so the Prophet ﷺ struck him with his arrow. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ also mentioned Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasir and Musa ibn 'Uqbah in the same context, except that he did not mention Harith ibn Hattib in relation to his return to Madinah. Allah knows best. Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Allah only gave them from His wealth, and the verse "And know that whatever you obtain of war booty - then indeed, for Allah is one fifth of it and for the Messenger" [Quran 8:41] was revealed after the Battle of Badr.  

عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ فِي تَسْمِيَةِ مَنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَلَمْ يَشْهَدْهَا ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِسَهْمِهِ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَشْهَدْهَا وَضَرَبَ لَهُ بِسَهْمِهِ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ تَخَلَّفَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ رُقَيَّةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَتْ وَجِعَةً فَضَرَبَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِسَهْمِهِ قَالَ وَأَجْرِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ وَأَجْرُكَ وَطَلْحَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ تَيْمِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ قَالَ كَانَ بِالشَّامِ فَقَدِمَ فَكَلَّمَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَضَرَبَ لَهُ بِسَهْمِهِ فَقَالَ وَأَجْرِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ فَقَالَ وَأَجْرُكَ وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ نُفَيْلٍ قَدِمَ مِنَ الشَّامِ بَعْدَ مَا رَجَعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَضَرَبَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِسَهْمِهِ فَقَالَ وَأَجْرِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ وَأَجْرُكَ فَهَؤُلَاءِ الثَّلَاثَةُ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَأَمَّا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَأَبُو لُبَابَةَ خَرَجَ زَعَمُوا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى بَدْرٍ فَأَمَّرَهُ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَضَرَبَ لَهُ بِسَهْمِهِ مَعَ أَصْحَابِ بَدْرٍ وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ حَاطِبٍ رَجَّعَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ زَعَمُوا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَضَرَبَ لَهُ بِسَهْمِهِ وَخَرَجَ عَاصِمُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ فَرَدَّهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَضَرَبَ لَهُ بِسَهْمٍ مَعَ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ وَخَوَّاتُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ ضَرَبَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِسَهْمِهِ فِي أَصْحَابِ بَدْرٍ وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ الصِّمَّةِ كُسِرَ بِالرَّوْحَاءِ فَضَرَبَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِسَهْمٍ وَذَكَرَهُمْ أَيْضًا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ وَذَكَرَهُمْ أَيْضًا مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرِ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ حَاطِبٍ فِي الرَّدِّ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَإِنَّمَا أَعْطَاهُمْ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَإِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ {وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال 41] بَعْدَ غَنِيمَةِ بَدْرٍ