24. Chapter
٢٤۔ كِتَابُ الْغَصْبِ
“If a person frees his share of a slave, and has enough Money to pay the full price of the slave, a fair price should be worked out for the slave, and his partners should be given their shares, then he may free the slave, otherwise he has freed only what he has freed.” (Using translation from Aḥmad 397)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا لَهُ فِي عَبْدٍ فَكَانَ لَهُ مَا يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنَ الْعَبْدِ قُوِّمَ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةُ الْعَدْلِ فَأَعْطَى شُرَكَاءَهُ حِصَصَهُمْ وَعَتَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْعَبْدُ وَإِلَّا فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ اتَّفَقَا عَلَى إِخْرَاجِهِ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَالِكٍ
While the Prophet ﷺ was with one of his wives, one of the mothers of the believers (i.e. one of his wives) sent a wooden bowl containing food with a servant. The wife (in whose house he was sitting) stroke the bowl with her hand and broke it. The Prophet ﷺ collected the shattered pieces and put the food back in it and said, "Eat." He kept the servant and the bowl till he had eaten the food. Then the Prophet gave another unbroken. bowl to the servant and kept the broken one. (Using translation from Bukhārī 2481)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ نِسَائِهِ فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِحْدَى أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَعَ خَادِمٍ بِقَصْعَةٍ فِيهَا طَعَامٌ فَضَرَبَتْ بِيَدِه فَكَسَرَتِ الْقَصْعَةَ فَضَمَّهَا وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا الطَّعَامَ وَقَالَ كُلُوا وَحَبَسَ الرَّسُولَ وَالْقَصْعَةَ حَتَّى فَرَغُوا فَدَفَعَ الْقَصْعَةَ الصَّحِيحَةَ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَحَبَسَ الْمَكْسُورَةَ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ was with some of his wives when one of the mothers of the believers sent a plate of food. The servant of the house accidentally hit the hand of the person holding the plate, causing it to fall and break open. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gathered the broken pieces together and placed the food that was in the plate between them. He then said, "Your mother got angry and kept the servant until she brought a plate from the person she was with." He gave the correct plate to the one whose plate had been broken and kept the broken plate at the house of the one who had caused it to break.
كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ نِسَائِهِ فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِحْدَى أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِصَحْفَةٍ فِيهَا طَعَامٌ فَضَرَبَتِ الَّتِي فِي بَيْتِهَا يَدَ الْخَادِمِ فَسَقَطَتِ الصَّحْفَةُ فَانْفَلَقَتْ فَجَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ الْفِلْقَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ يَجْعَلُ فِيهِمَا الطَّعَامَ الَّذِي كَانَ فِي الصَّحْفَةِ وَيَقُولُ غَارَتْ أُمُّكُمْ وَحَبَسَ الْخَادِمَ حَتَّى أَتَى بِصَحْفَةٍ مِنْ عِنْدِ الَّتِي هُوَ فِي بَيْتِهَا فَدَفَعَ الصَّحْفَةَ الصَّحِيحَةَ إِلَى الَّتِي كُسِرَتْ صَحْفَتُهَا وَأَمْسَكَ الْمَكْسُورَةَ فِي بَيْتِ الَّتِي كَسَرَتْ
[Machine] I saw a food maker like Safiyyah, who sent a vessel with food in it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . I hit it with my hand and broke it, so I said, "O Messenger of Allah, what is the expiation for this?" He said, "A vessel is replaced by another vessel and food is replaced by another food." I wish that Al-Amiri and Jasrah bint Dajajah were present, so they can witness this statement, and the interpretation of the news is what has passed. With Allah's help, we narrated this from Ash-Sha'bi, who said regarding a man, "Wheat is consumed for him, and he has food similar to his food, and a measure similar to his measure."
رَأَيْتُ صَانِعَةَ طَعَامٍ مِثْلَ صَفِيَّةَ ؓ بَعَثَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِإِنَاءٍ فِيهِ طَعَامٌ فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِيَدِي فَكَسَرْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا كَفَّارَةُ هَذَا؟ قَالَ إِنَاءٌ مَكَانُ إِنَاءٍ وَطَعَامٌ مَكَانُ طَعَامٍ فُلَيْتٌ الْعَامِرِيُّ وَجَسْرَةُ بِنْتُ دَجَاجَةَ فِيهِمَا نَظَرٌ ثُمَّ تَأْوِيلُ الْخَبَرِ مَا مَضَى وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الرَّجُلِ تُسْتَهْلَكُ لَهُ الْحِنْطَةُ إِنَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ لَهُ طَعَامًا مِثْلَ طَعَامِهِ وَكَيْلًا مِثْلَ كَيْلِهِ