#caliph

Story of how the Caliph ʿUmar ؓ suppressed his anger when he was unjustly accused

bukhari:7286Ismāʿīl > Ibn Wahb > Yūnus > Ibn Shihāb > ʿUbaydullāh b. ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUtbah > ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAbbās

Uyaina bin Hisn bin Hudhaifa bin Badr came and stayed (at Medina) with his nephew Al-Hurr bin Qais bin Hisn who was one of those whom ʿUmar used to keep near him, as the Qurra' (learned men knowing Qur'an by heart) were the people of ʿUmar's meetings and his advisors whether they were old or young. 'Uyaina said to his nephew, "O my nephew! Have you an approach to this chief so as to get for me the permission to see him?" His nephew said, "I will get permission for you to see him." (Ibn ʿAbbas added: ) So he took permission for 'Uyaina,

And when the latter entered, he said, "O the son of Al-Khattab! By Allah, you neither give us sufficient provision nor judge among us with justice." On that ʿUmar became so furious that he intended to harm him. Al-Hurr, said, "O Chief of the Believers!" Allah said to His Apostle 'Hold to forgiveness, command what is good (right), and leave the foolish (i.e. do not punish them).' (7.199) and this person is among the foolish." By Allah, ʿUmar did not overlook that Verse when Al-Hurr recited it before him, and ʿUmar said to observe (the orders of) Allah's Book strictly."  

البخاري:٧٢٨٦حَدَّثَنِي إِسْمَاعِيلُ حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ حَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ قَالَ

قَدِمَ عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ حِصْنِ بْنِ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ بَدْرٍ فَنَزَلَ عَلَى ابْنِ أَخِيهِ الْحُرِّ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ حِصْنٍ وَكَانَ مِنَ النَّفَرِ الَّذِينَ يُدْنِيهِمْ عُمَرُ وَكَانَ الْقُرَّاءُ أَصْحَابَ مَجْلِسِ عُمَرَ وَمُشَاوَرَتِهِ كُهُولاً كَانُوا أَوْ شُبَّانًا۔ فَقَالَ عُيَيْنَةُ لاِبْنِ أَخِيهِ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي هَلْ لَكَ وَجْهٌ عِنْدَ هَذَا الأَمِيرِ فَتَسْتَأْذِنَ لِي عَلَيْهِ قَالَ سَأَسْتَأْذِنُ لَكَ عَلَيْهِ۔ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ لِعُيَيْنَةَ۔

فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ وَاللَّهِ مَا تُعْطِينَا الْجَزْلَ وَمَا تَحْكُمُ بَيْنَنَا بِالْعَدْلِ۔ فَغَضِبَ عُمَرُ حَتَّى هَمَّ بِأَنْ يَقَعَ بِهِ۔ فَقَالَ الْحُرُّ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ لِنَبِيِّهِ ﷺ {خُذِ الْعَفْوَ وَأْمُرْ بِالْعُرْفِ وَأَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْجَاهِلِينَ} وَإِنَّ هَذَا مِنَ الْجَاهِلِينَ۔ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا جَاوَزَهَا عُمَرُ حِينَ تَلاَهَا عَلَيْهِ وَكَانَ وَقَّافًا عِنْدَ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ۔  


Preference to follow the Prophet ﷺ over others when the rulings are known

tirmidhi:824ʿAbd b. Ḥumayd > Yaʿqūb b. Ibrāhīm b. Saʿd from my father > Ṣāliḥ b. Kaysān > Ibn Shihāb > Sālim b. ʿAbdullāh

he had heard a man from Ash-Sham asking Abdullah bin Umar about Tamattu after Umrah until Hajj, so Abdullah bin Umar said: "It is lawful." The man from Ash-Sham said: "But your father prohibited it." So Abdullah bin Umar said: "Is the order to follow my father or is the order (to follow) for the Messenger of Allah?" The man said: "Rather it is for the Messenger of Allah." So he said: "Indeed the Messenger of Allah did it."  

الترمذي:٨٢٤حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ أَخْبَرَنِي يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَنَّ سَالِمَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَهُ

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَجُلاً مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ وَهُوَ يَسْأَلُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ عَنِ التَّمَتُّعِ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ: هِيَ حَلاَلٌ. فَقَالَ الشَّامِيُّ: إِنَّ أَبَاكَ قَدْ نَهَى عَنْهَا. فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ: أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ أَبِي نَهَى عَنْهَا وَصَنَعَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَأَمْرَ أَبِي نَتَّبِعُ أَمْ أَمْرَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: بَلْ أَمْرَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ صَنَعَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ.  

قَالَ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَعُثْمَانَ وَجَابِرٍ وَسَعْدٍ وَأَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَقَدِ اخْتَارَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَغَيْرِهِمُ التَّمَتُّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ وَالتَّمَتُّعُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الرَّجُلُ بِعُمْرَةٍ فِي أَشْهُرِ الْحَجِّ ثُمَّ يُقِيمَ حَتَّى يَحُجَّ فَهُوَ مُتَمَتِّعٌ وَعَلَيْهِ دَمٌ مَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ صَامَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةً إِذَا رَجَعَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ وَيُسْتَحَبُّ لِلْمُتَمَتِّعِ إِذَا صَامَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ أَنْ يَصُومَ فِي الْعَشْرِ وَيَكُونَ آخِرُهَا يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَصُمْ فِي الْعَشْرِ صَامَ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ فِي قَوْلِ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنْهُمُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَعَائِشَةُ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ مَالِكٌ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لاَ يَصُومُ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَأَهْلُ الْحَدِيثِ يَخْتَارُونَ التَّمَتُّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ فِي الْحَجِّ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ

Return of the Khilafah upon the Prophetic methodology

ahmad:18406Sulaymān b. Dāwud al-Ṭayālisī > Dāwud b. Ibrāhīm al-Wāsiṭī > Ḥabīb b. Sālim > al-Nuʿmān b. Bashīr

We were sitting in the mosque with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Bashir was a man who rarely spoke. Abu Thalabah al-Khushani came and said, "O Bashir bin Sād, do you preserve the hadith of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding the rulers?" Huzayfah replied, "I preserve his sermon." Abu Thalabah sat down and Huzayfah said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Prophethood will remain among you as long as Allah wills. Then, Allah will raise it up when He wills. Then, there will be Khilafah on the Prophetic method, and it will remain as long as Allah wills. Then, Allah will raise it up when He wills. Then, there will be a biting monarchy, and it will remain as long as Allah wills. Then, Allah will raise it up when He wills. Then, there will be a tyrannical rule, and it will remain as long as Allah wills. Then, Allah will raise it up when He wills. Then, there will be Khilafah on the Prophetic method. Then, he remained silent.'"  

Habib said, "When Umar ibn Abdul Aziz rose to power, I wrote to him about this hadith to remind him. I said to him, 'I hope that you will be the Amir al-Mu'minin (Commander of the Believers) after the rule of the tyrants.' So, I presented my book to Umar ibn Abdul Aziz, and he was happy and pleased with it."
أحمد:١٨٤٠٦حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي دَاوُدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْوَاسِطِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي حَبِيبُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ قَالَ

كُنَّا قُعُودًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ بَشِيرٌ رَجُلًا يَكُفُّ حَدِيثَهُ فَجَاءَ أَبُو ثَعْلَبَةَ الْخُشَنِيُّ فَقَالَ يَا بَشِيرُ بْنَ سَعْدٍ أَتَحْفَظُ حَدِيثَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْأُمَرَاءِ؟ فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ أَنَا أَحْفَظُ خُطْبَتَهُ فَجَلَسَ أَبُو ثَعْلَبَةَ فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تَكُونُ النُّبُوَّةُ فِيكُمْ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ تَكُونَ ثُمَّ يَرْفَعُهَا إِذَا شَاءَ أَنْ يَرْفَعَهَا ثُمَّ تَكُونُ خِلَافَةٌ عَلَى مِنْهَاجِ النُّبُوَّةِ فَتَكُونُ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ تَكُونَ ثُمَّ يَرْفَعُهَا إِذَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يَرْفَعَهَا ثُمَّ تَكُونُ مُلْكًا عَاضًّا فَيَكُونُ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ ثُمَّ يَرْفَعُهَا إِذَا شَاءَ أَنْ يَرْفَعَهَا ثُمَّ تَكُونُ مُلْكًا جَبْرِيَّةً فَتَكُونُ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ تَكُونَ ثُمَّ يَرْفَعُهَا إِذَا شَاءَ أَنْ يَرْفَعَهَا ثُمَّ تَكُونُ خِلَافَةً عَلَى مِنْهَاجِ نُبُوَّةٍ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ  

قَالَ حَبِيبٌ فَلَمَّا قَامَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَكَانَ يَزِيدُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ فِي صَحَابَتِهِ فَكَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أُذَكِّرُهُ إِيَّاهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي أَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَعْنِي عُمَرَ بَعْدَ الْمُلْكِ الْعَاضِّ وَالْجَبْرِيَّةِ فَأُدْخِلَ كِتَابِي عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ فَسُرَّ بِهِ وَأَعْجَبَهُ

hakim:5549Abū Bakr b. Bālawayh > Ibrāhīm b. Isḥāq al-Ḥarbī > Muṣʿab b. ʿAbdullāh al-Zubayrī > Tawajjah al-Zubayr > al-Madīnah Fatabiʿah ʿAmr b. Jurmūz / Mutawajjih Naḥw al-Madīnah Faqatalah Ghīlah Biwādī al-Sibāʿ Fabarraʾ Allāh

[Machine] Concerning his blood, Ali and his companions, and it was indeed Amr ibn Jurmuz who killed him in the month of Rajab in the year thirty-six. The Banu Mujashi were led by the Arabs in their efforts to hide Zubayr, and that is why Jareer says [in Al-Bahr Al-Taweel]. After Zubayr, Mujashi wore the clothes that were stained with blood and did not wash them.  

الحاكم:٥٥٤٩حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ بَالَوَيْهِ ثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْحَرْبِيُّ ثَنَا مُصْعَبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ قَالَ تَوَجَّهَ الزُّبَيْرُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَتَبِعَهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ جُرْمُوزٍ وَهُوَ مُتَوَجِّهٌ نَحْوَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَقَتَلَهُ غِيلَةً بِوَادِي السِّبَاعِ فَبَرَّأَ اللَّهُ

عَنْ دَمِهِ عَلِيًّا وَأَصْحَابِهِ وَإِنَّمَا قَتَلَهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ جُرْمُوزٍ فِي رَجَبٍ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَثَلَاثِينَ وَبَنُو مُجَاشِعٍ قَدْ سَيَّرَهُمُ الْعَرَبُ بِإِخْفَاءِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَلِذَلِكَ يَقُولُ جَرِيرٌ [البحر الطويل] وَقَدْ لَبِسَتْ بَعْدَ الزُّبَيْرِ مُجَاشِعٌ ثِيَابَ الَّتِي حَاضَتْ وَلَمْ تَغْسِلِ الدَّمَا