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suyuti:579-2b
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السيوطي:٥٧٩-٢b

"قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ الله، أَرأَيْتَ إنِ اخْتَلَفْتُ أَنَا وَرَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمشْرِكِينَ ضَرْبَتَيْن فَقَطَع يَدِى فَلَمَّا أَهْوَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ لأضْرِبهُ، قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا الله أَأَقْتلهُ أَمْ أَدَعُهُ؟ قَالَ: بَلْ دَعْهُ، قُلْتُ: وَإنْ قَطَع يَدِى، قَالَ: وَإِنْ فَعَل فَرَاجَعْتهُ مَرَّتَين أَو ثَلاثًا، فَقَالَ النَّبِىُّ ﷺ : إِنْ قَتَلتهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا الله فَأَنْتَ مِثْلُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولهَا، وَهُوَ مِثْلكَ قَبْل أَنْ تَقْتُلَهُ".  

الشافعى، [عب] عبد الرازق [ش] ابن أبى شيبة [خ] البخاري [م] مسلم [د] أبو داود [ن] النسائي

See similar narrations below:

Collected by Ṭabarānī
tabarani:17781Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm al-Dabarī > ʿAbd al-Razzāq > Maʿmar > al-Zuhrī > ʿAṭāʾ b. Yazīd al-Laythī > ʿUbaydullāh b. ʿAdī b. al-Khiyār > al-Miqdād b. al-Aswad

[Machine] I asked, O Messenger of Allah, what do you think if I differ with a polytheist and he strikes me twice, severing my hands. When I incline to strike him back, he says, "There is no god but Allah." Should I kill him or spare him? He replied, "Spare him." I asked, even if he severs my hands? He said, "Even if he does." I repeated this question two or three times, and then the Prophet ﷺ said, "If you kill him after he says, 'There is no god but Allah,' you will be like him before he said it, and he will be like you. But if you spare him, Allah will love you."  

الطبراني:١٧٧٨١حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّبَرِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ اللَّيْثِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ الْخِيَارِ عَنِ الْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ قَالَ

قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنِ اخْتَلَفْتُ أَنَا وَرَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ضَرْبَتَيْنِ فَقَطَعَ يَدَيَّ فَلَمَّا أَهْوَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ لِأَضْرِبَهُ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ أَقْتُلُهُ أَمْ أَدَعُهُ؟ قَالَ «بَلْ دَعْهُ» قُلْتُ وَإِنْ قَطَعَ يَدَيَّ؟ قَالَ «وَإِنْ فَعَلَ» فَرَاجَعْتُهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ فَأَنْتَ مِثْلُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَهَا وَهُوَ مِثْلُكَ إِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ  

tabarani:17782Abū Usāmah al-Ḥalabī

[Machine] He told him about Al-Miqdad bin Amr Al-Farsi, the companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who was a man from Kindah and an ally of the Banu Zuhrah. He said, "O Messenger of Allah, what if I meet a man from the polytheists and we clash with each other and exchange blows? I overpower him and have the ability to kill him. Should I kill him or spare him?" He said, "No, spare him." I said, "O Messenger of Allah, what if he cuts off one of my hands?" He said, "Even if he does so." So, I reconsidered and he said, "If you kill him after he says, 'There is no god but Allah,' then you are in the same position as he was before he said it, and he is in the same position as you were before you killed him."  

الطبراني:١٧٧٨٢حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ الْحَلَبِيُّ ثنا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَبِي مَنِيعٍ الرُّصَافِيُّ ثنا جَدِّي عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ثنا عَطَاءُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْجُنْدَعِيُّ أَنَّ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَدِيِّ بْنِ الْخِيَارِ

أَخْبَرَهُ عَنِ الْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فَارِسِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ وَهُوَ حَلِيفٌ لِبَنِي زُهْرَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَقِيتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَاخْتَلَفْتُ أَنَا وَهُوَ ضَرْبَتَيْنِ فَأَبَانَ إِحْدَى يَدَيَّ فَضَرَبْتُهُ ثُمَّ قَدَرْتُ عَلَى قَتْلِهِ فَقَالَ حِينَ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَهْوِيَ إِلَيْهِ بِسِلَاحِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ أَقْتُلُهُ أَمْ أَتْرُكُهُ؟ قَالَ «بَلِ اتْرُكْهُ» قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَإِنْ قَطَعَ إِحْدَى يَدَيَّ؟ قَالَ «وَإِنْ فَعَلَ» فَرَاجَعْتُهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَقُولَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ فَأَنْتَ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَهَا وَهُوَ بِمَنْزِلَتِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقْتُلَهُ  

tabarani:17788Masʿadah b. Saʿd al-ʿAṭṭār al-Makkī > Ibrāhīm b. al-Mundhir al-Ḥizāmī > ʿAmr b. ʿUthmān b. Mūsá al-Taymī from his father > Ibn Shihāb > ʿAṭāʾ b. Yazīd al-Jundaʿī > ʿUbaydullāh b. ʿAdī b. al-Khiyār

[Machine] He narrated from Al-Miqdad bin Amr Al-Kindi, a companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and an ally of the Banu Zuhrah, that he said: I said, "O Messenger of Allah, what if I encounter an unbeliever and we both engage in combat, and he strikes me twice and I strike him back, and then I am able to kill him. Should I kill him or spare him?" He ﷺ said, "No, spare him." So I said, "O Messenger of Allah, what if he cuts off one of my hands?" He ﷺ said, "Even then." I said, "O Messenger of Allah, what if he cuts off both of my hands?" He ﷺ said, "Even then." So I refrained from doing so and he said, "If you were to kill him after he says 'There is no god but Allah,' then you would be in the same position as him before he says it, and he would be in the same position as you before you kill him."  

الطبراني:١٧٧٨٨حَدَّثَنَا مَسْعَدَةُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ الْعَطَّارُ الْمَكِّيُّ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ الْحِزَامِيُّ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى التَّيْمِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْجُنْدَعِيُّ أَنَّ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَدِيِّ بْنِ الْخِيَارِ

أَخْبَرَهُ عَنِ الْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فَارِسِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ هُوَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ وَهُوَ حَلِيفٌ لِبَنِي زُهْرَةَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَقِيتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ فَاخْتَلَفْتُ أَنَا وَهُوَ ضَرْبَتَيْنِ فَضَرَبَنِي فَأَبَانَ إِحْدَى يَدَيَّ فَضَرَبْتُهُ ثُمَّ قَدَرْتُ عَلَى قَتْلِهِ فَقَالَ حِينَ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَهْوِي إِلَيْهِ بِسِلَاحِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ أَقْتُلَهُ أَمْ أَتْرُكُهُ؟ قَالَ «لَا بَلِ اتْرُكْهُ» فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَإِنْ قَطَعَ إِحْدَى يَدَيَّ؟ قَالَ «وَإِنْ فَعَلَ» قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَإِنْ قَطَعَ إِحْدَى يَدَيَّ؟ قَالَ «وَإِنْ فَعَلَ» فَرَاجَعْتُهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَقُولَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ فَأَنْتَ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَهَا وَهُوَ بِمَنْزِلَتِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقْتُلَهُ