53. Sūrat al-Najm

٥٣۔ سُورَةُ النَّجْم

53.3 The angels have no share in divinity, nor can they intercede without permission. Disbelievers give the angels female names Limited interests and knowledge (of this world) of disbelievers

٥٣۔٣ مقطع في سُورَةُ النَّجْم

quran:53:26

And how many angels there are in the heavens whose intercession will not avail at all except ˹only˺ after Allah has permitted ˹it˺ to whom He wills and approves.  

And how many an angel, that is to say, many an angel, there is in the heavens, and how honoured they are in God’s sight ˹but˺, whose intercession cannot avail in any way except after God gives permission, to them for this ˹intercession˺, for whomever He wills, of His servants, and, with whom, He is satisfied, because of His saying: and they do not intercede except for him with whom He is satisfied ˹Q. 21:28˺. It is also wellknown that it ˹intercession˺ cannot be forthcoming from them except after permission for it has been granted: who is there that shall intercede with Him save with His leave ˹Q. 2:255˺.
القرآن:٥٣:٢٦

وَكَمْ مِنْ مَلَكٍ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ لَا تُغْنِي شَفَاعَتُهُمْ شَيْئًا إِلَّا مِنْ بَعْدِ أَنْ يَأْذَنَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَرْضَىٰ  

(وكم من ملك) أي وكثير من الملائكة (في السماوات) وما أكرمهم عند الله (لا تغني شفاعتهم شيئا إلا من بعد أن يأذن الله) لهم فيها (لمن يشاء) من عباده (ويرضى) عنه لقوله "" ولا يشفعون إلا لمن ارتضى "" ومعلوم أنها لا توجد منهم إلا بعد الإذن فيها "" من ذا الذي يشفع عنده إلا بإذنه ".
quran:53:27

Indeed, those who do not believe in the Hereafter name the angels female names,  

Truly those who do not believe in the Hereafter give the angels the names of females, for they say: ‘They are God’s daughters’.
القرآن:٥٣:٢٧

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ لَيُسَمُّونَ الْمَلَائِكَةَ تَسْمِيَةَ الْأُنْثَىٰ  

{إن الذين لا يؤمنون بالآخرة ليسمون الملائكة تسمية الأنثى} حيث قالوا: هم بنات الله.
quran:53:28

And they have thereof no knowledge. They follow not except assumption, and indeed, assumption avails not against the truth at all.  

But they do not have any knowledge thereof, of this claim. They follow, in this ˹respect˺, nothing but conjecture, which they have conjured up, and indeed conjecture can never substitute for the truth, that is to say, when it comes to acquiring knowledge of that which one is required to have knowledge of.
القرآن:٥٣:٢٨

وَمَا لَهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ عِلْمٍ ۖ إِنْ يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا الظَّنَّ ۖ وَإِنَّ الظَّنَّ لَا يُغْنِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ شَيْئًا  

{وما لهم به} بهذا القول {من علم إن} ما {يتبعون} فيه {إلا الظن} الذي تخيلوه {وإن الظن لا يغني من الحق شيئا} أي عن العلم فيما المطلوب فيه العلم.
quran:53:29

So turn away from whoever turns his back on Our message and desires not except the worldly life.  

So shun him who turns away from Our Remembrance, that is, ˹from˺ the Qur’ān, and desires nothing but the life of this world — this was ˹revealed˺ before the command to struggle ˹against the disbelievers˺.
القرآن:٥٣:٢٩

فَأَعْرِضْ عَنْ مَنْ تَوَلَّىٰ عَنْ ذِكْرِنَا وَلَمْ يُرِدْ إِلَّا الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا  

{فأعرض عن من تولى عن ذكرنا} أي القرآن {ولم يُرد إلا الحياة الدنيا} وهذا قبل الأمر بالجهاد.
quran:53:30

That is their sum of knowledge. Indeed, your Lord is most knowing of who strays from His way, and He is most knowing of who is guided.  

That, namely, the desire of this world, is the full extent of their knowledge, that is, the limit of their knowledge, namely, that they have preferred this life to ˹that of˺ the Hereafter. Truly your Lord knows best those who have strayed from His way, and He knows best those who are ˹rightly˺ guided: He has knowledge of both and will requite both.
القرآن:٥٣:٣٠

ذَٰلِكَ مَبْلَغُهُمْ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنْ ضَلَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنِ اهْتَدَىٰ  

{ذلك} أي طلب الدنيا {مبلغهم من العلم} أي نهاية علمهم أن آثروا الدنيا على الآخرة {إن ربك هو أعلم بمن ضل عن سبيله وهو أعلم بمن اهتدى} عالم بهما فيجازيهما.