49. Sūrat al-Ḥujurāt

٤٩۔ سُورَةُ الحُجُرات

49.3 The difference between a true Believer and a Muslim.

٤٩۔٣ مقطع في سُورَةُ الحُجُرات

quran:49:14

The bedouins say, "We have believed." Say, "You have not ˹yet˺ believed; but say ˹instead˺, 'We have submitted,' for faith has not yet entered your hearts. And if you obey Allah and His Messenger, He will not deprive you from your deeds of anything. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful."  

The Bedouins — a group of men from among the Banū Asad — say, ‘We believe’, we affirm the truth in our hearts. Say, to them: ‘You do not believe; but rather say, “We have submitted”, we are outwardly compliant; for faith has not yet entered into your hearts’, hitherto; however, it is expected of you. Yet if you obey God and His Messenger, by ˹embracing˺ faith and in other ways, He will not diminish for you (read ya’litkum or yalitkum, by making the hamza an alif) anything of your deeds, that is, of the reward for them. God is indeed Forgiving, to believers, Merciful, to them.
القرآن:٤٩:١٤

قَالَتِ الْأَعْرَابُ آمَنَّا ۖ قُلْ لَمْ تُؤْمِنُوا وَلَٰكِنْ قُولُوا أَسْلَمْنَا وَلَمَّا يَدْخُلِ الْإِيمَانُ فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ ۖ وَإِنْ تُطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ لَا يَلِتْكُمْ مِنْ أَعْمَالِكُمْ شَيْئًا ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ  

{قالت الأعراب} نفر من بني أسد {آمنا} صدقنا بقلوبنا {قل} لهم {لم تؤمنوا ولكن قولوا أسلمنا} انقدنا ظاهرا {ولما} أي: لم {يدخل الإيمان في قلوبكم} إلى الآن لكنه يتوقع منكم {وإن تطيعوا الله ورسوله} بالإيمان وغيره {لا يَأْلِتْكُمْ} بالهمز وتركه وبإبداله ألفا: لا ينقصكم {من أعمالكم} أي من ثوابها {شيئا إن الله غفور} للمؤمنين {رحيم} بهم.
quran:49:15

The believers are only the ones who have believed in Allah and His Messenger and then doubt not but strive with their properties and their lives in the cause of Allah. It is those who are the truthful.  

The ˹true˺ believers, that is, those who are true in their ˹affirmation of˺ faith — as He makes explicit in what follows — are only those who believe in God and His Messenger, and then have not doubted, they have not been uncertain of ˹their˺ faith, and who strive with their wealth and their souls for the cause of God, hence their striving manifests the sincerity of their faith. It is they who are sincere, in their faith, not those who say, ‘We believe’, and from whom all that has been forthcoming is their submission ˹to the religion˺.
القرآن:٤٩:١٥

إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَرْتَابُوا وَجَاهَدُوا بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الصَّادِقُونَ  

{إنما المؤمنون} أي الصادقون في إيمانهم كما صرح به بعد {الذين آمنوا بالله ورسوله ثم لم يرتابوا} لم يشكوا الإيمان {وجاهدوا بأموالهم وأنفسهم في سبيل الله} فجهادهم يظهر بصدق إيمانهم {أولئك هم الصادقون} في إيمانهم، لا من قالوا آمنا ولم يوجد منهم غير الإسلام.
quran:49:16

Say, "Would you acquaint Allah with your religion while Allah knows whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth, and Allah is Knowing of all things?"  

Say, to them: ‘Do you ˹pretend to˺ inform God about your religion (read the doubled ˹2nd verbal˺ form atu‘allimūna, ‘do you inform’), in other words, are you intimating to Him your ˹religious˺ status when you say, ‘We believe’, when God knows all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth, and ˹even though˺ God is Knower of all things?’
القرآن:٤٩:١٦

قُلْ أَتُعَلِّمُونَ اللَّهَ بِدِينِكُمْ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۚ وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ  

{قل} لهم {أتعلمون الله بدينكم} مضعف علم بمعنى شعر، أي أتُشْعِرونه بما أنتم عليه في قولكم آمنا {والله يعلم ما في السماوات وما في الأرض والله بكل شيء عليم}.
quran:49:17

They consider it a favor to you that they have accepted Islam. Say, "Do not consider your Islam a favor to me. Rather, Allah has conferred favor upon you that He has guided you to the faith, if you should be truthful."  

They deem it to be a favour to you that they have submitted, without ˹the need for any˺ fighting, unlike ˹those˺ others who submitted only after being fought. Say: ‘Do not deem your submission to be a favour to me (islāmakum, ‘your submission’, has dependent accusative status because of the omission of the genitive preposition bi-,which is also read as implicit before the an in both instances). Rather, it is God Who has done you a favour in that He has guided you to faith, if you are being sincere, when you say, ‘We believe’.
القرآن:٤٩:١٧

يَمُنُّونَ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ أَسْلَمُوا ۖ قُلْ لَا تَمُنُّوا عَلَيَّ إِسْلَامَكُمْ ۖ بَلِ اللَّهُ يَمُنُّ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ هَدَاكُمْ لِلْإِيمَانِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ  

{يمنون عليك أن أسلموا} من غير قتال بخلاف غيرهم ممن أسلم بعد قتاله منهم {قل لا تمنوا عليَّ إسلامكم} منصوب بنزع الخافض الباء ويقدر قبل أن في الموضعين {بل الله يمنُّ عليكم أن هداكم للإيمان إن كنتم صادقين} في قولكم آمنا.
quran:49:18

Indeed, Allah knows the unseen ˹aspects˺ of the heavens and the earth. And Allah is Seeing of what you do.  

Truly God knows the Unseen of the heavens and the earth, that is, ˹He knows˺ all that is hidden in both, and God is Seer of what you do’ (may be read either as ya‘malūna, ‘they do’, or ta‘malūna, ‘you do’), nothing of which can be concealed from Him. Meccan, except for verse 38, which is Medinese; it consists of 45 verses.
القرآن:٤٩:١٨

إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ غَيْبَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ وَاللَّهُ بَصِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ  

{إن الله يعلم غيب السماوات والأرض} أي ما غاب فيهما {والله بصير بما يعملون} بالياء والتاء لا يخفى عليه شيء منه.