The first Friday (i.e. Jumua) prayer offered after the Friday Prayer offered at the Mosque of Allah's Apostle was offered at the mosque of ʿAbdul Qais situated at Jawathi, that is a village at Al Bahrain .  

أَوَّلُ جُمُعَةٍ جُمِّعَتْ بَعْدَ جُمُعَةٍ جُمِّعَتْ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي مَسْجِدِ عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ بِجُوَاثَى يَعْنِي قَرْيَةً مِنَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ  

The Friday prayer first offered in Islam after the Friday prayer offered in the mosque of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is Friday prayer offered at Juwatha, a village from the villages of al-Bahrain. The narrator ‘Uthman said: it is a village from the village of the tribe of ‘Abd al-Qais.  

إِنَّ أَوَّلَ جُمُعَةٍ جُمِّعَتْ فِي الإِسْلاَمِ بَعْدَ جُمُعَةٍ جُمِّعَتْ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْمَدِينَةِ لَجُمُعَةٌ جُمِّعَتْ بِجُوَاثَاءَ قَرْيَةٍ مِنْ قُرَى الْبَحْرَيْنِ قَالَ عُثْمَانُ قَرْيَةٌ مِنْ قُرَى عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ  

[Machine] "The first Friday prayer that was held after a Friday in Madinah was a Friday prayer in the village of Abdul Qais in Bahrain, known as Juwatha."  

«أَوَّلُ جُمُعَةٍ جُمِّعَتْ بَعْدَ جُمُعَةٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ جُمُعَةٌ بِالْبَحْرَيْنِ فِي قَرْيَةٍ لِعَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ يُقَالُ لَهَا جُوَاثَى»  

"The first Jumu'ah that was held with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Makkah, was a Jum'ah in Juwatha in al-Bahrain, a village of 'Abdul-Qais." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 1368-2)  

«إِنَّ أَوَّلَ جُمُعَةٍ جُمِّعَتْ بَعْدَ جُمُعَةٍ جُمِّعَتْ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ جُمِّعَتْ بِجُوَاثَا بِالْبَحْرَيْنِ قَرْيَةٍ لِعَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ»