"O Banu Harithah, a calamity has befallen you." They said: "What is it?" He said: "The Messenger of Allah has forbidden leasing land." We said: "O Messenger of Allah, what if we lease it in return for some of the grain?" He said, "No." He said: "We used to lease it in return for straw." He said: "No." "We used to lease it in return for what is planted on the banks of a stream that is used for irrigation." He said: "No. Cultivate it (yourself) or give it to your brother."  

أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ إِلَى بَنِي حَارِثَةَ فَقَالَ يَا بَنِي حَارِثَةَ لَقَدْ دَخَلَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَالُوا مَا هِيَ قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ قُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِذًا نُكْرِيهَا بِشَىْءٍ مِنَ الْحَبِّ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ وَكُنَّا نُكْرِيهَا بِالتِّبْنِ فَقَالَ لاَ وَكُنَّا نُكْرِيهَا بِمَا عَلَى الرَّبِيعِ السَّاقِي قَالَ لاَ ازْرَعْهَا أَوِ امْنَحْهَا أَخَاكَ خَالَفَهُ مُجَاهِدٌ  

"Rafi' bin Khadij came to us and said: 'The Messenger of Allah has forbidden for you Al-Haql. Al-Haql is the third and the fourth. And Al-Muzabanah. Al-Muzabanah is to buy what is at the top of the date-palm trees in return for a certain number of Wasqs of dried dates.'"  

إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَاكُمْ عَنِ الْحَقْلِ وَالْحَقْلُ الثُّلُثُ وَالرُّبُعُ وَعَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ شِرَاءُ مَا فِي رُءُوسِ النَّخْلِ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا وَسْقًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ  

"Rafi' bin Khadij came to us and said: 'The Messenger of Allah has forbidden something that was beneficial for us, but obedience to the Messenger of Allah is better for you. He has forbidden Al-Haql (renting land in return for one-third or one-quarter of the produce) to you, and says: Whoever has land, let him give it (to someone else to cultivate it) or leave it. And he has forbidden Al-Muzabanah. Al-Muzabanah means when a man has a lot of date-palm trees and another man comes and takes it in return for a certain number of Wasqs of dried dates.'"  

نَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ لَنَا نَافِعًا وَطَاعَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ نَهَاكُمْ عَنِ الْحَقْلِ وَقَالَ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَمْنَحْهَا أَوْ لِيَدَعْهَا وَنَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمَالُ الْعَظِيمُ مِنَ النَّخْلِ فَيَجِيءُ الرَّجُلُ فَيَأْخُذُهَا بِكَذَا وَكَذَا وَسْقًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ  

"Rafi' bin Khadij came to us and I was not sure what he meant. He said: 'The Messenger of Allah has forbidden to you something that used to benefit you, but obedience to the Messenger of Allah is better for you than that which benefits you. The Messenger of Allah has forbidden Al-Haql for you. Al-Haql means share-cropping the land in return for one-third or one-quarter (of the yield). So whoever has land that he does not need, let him give it to his brother (to cultivate it) or let him leave it. And he has forbidden to you Al-Muzabanah. Al-Muzabanah means when a man has a great number of datepalms and says: Take it in return for (a certain number of) Wasqs of dried dates this year.'"  

إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَاكُمْ عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ يَنْفَعُكُمْ وَطَاعَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ مِمَّا يَنْفَعُكُمْ نَهَاكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْحَقْلِ وَالْحَقْلُ الْمُزَارَعَةُ بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ فَمَنْ كَانَ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَاسْتَغْنَى عَنْهَا فَلْيَمْنَحْهَا أَخَاهُ أَوْ لِيَدَعْ وَنَهَاكُمْ عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ الرَّجُلُ يَجِيءُ إِلَى النَّخْلِ الْكَثِيرِ بِالْمَالِ الْعَظِيمِ فَيَقُولُ خُذْهُ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا وَسْقًا مِنْ تَمْرِ ذَلِكَ الْعَامِ  

"Rafi' bin Khadij said: 'The Messenger of Allah has forbidden something for you that used to be beneficial for us, but obedience to the Messenger of Allah is more beneficial for us. He said: "Whoever has land let him cultivate it, and if he is unable to do so, let him give it to his brother to cultivate."'"  

رَافِعُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ نَهَاكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ لَنَا نَافِعًا وَطَاعَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْفَعُ لَنَا قَالَ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا فَإِنْ عَجَزَ عَنْهَا فَلْيُزْرِعْهَا أَخَاهُ خَالَفَهُ عَبْدُ الْكَرِيمِ بْنُ مَالِكٍ  

"I took Tawus by the hand and brought him to Ibn Rafi' bin Khadij, and he told him, narrating from his father, that the Messenger of Allah forbade leasing land. Tawus rejected that and said: 'I heard Ibn 'Abbas (say) that he did not see anything wrong with that.'"  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ فَأَبَى طَاوُسٌ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ لاَ يَرَى بِذَلِكَ بَأْسًا وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ أَبِي حَصِينٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ قَالَ عَنْ رَافِعٍ مُرْسَلاً  

"Rafi' bin Khadij said: 'The Messenger of Allah forbade us to do something that was beneficial for us, (but we respect and obey the command of the Messenger of Allah). He forbade us to lease land in return for some of its produce."  

رَافِعُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ نَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ لَنَا نَافِعًا وَأَمْرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى الرَّأْسِ وَالْعَيْنِ نَهَانَا أَنْ نَتَقَبَّلَ الأَرْضَ بِبَعْضِ خَرْجِهَا تَابَعَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُهَاجِرٍ  

"The Prophet passed by the land of a man from among the Ansar who he knew was in need and said: 'Whose is this land?' He said: 'So and so's; he has given it to us in return for rent.' He said: 'Why did he not give it to his brother?'" Rafi' came to the Ansar and said: "The Messenger of Allah has forbidden something for you which was beneficial, but obedience to the command of the Messenger of Allah is more beneficial for you."  

مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَى أَرْضِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ قَدْ عَرَفَ أَنَّهُ مُحْتَاجٌ فَقَالَ لِمَنْ هَذِهِ الأَرْضُ قَالَ لِفُلاَنٍ أَعْطَانِيهَا بِالأَجْرِ فَقَالَ لَوْ مَنَحَهَا أَخَاهُ فَأَتَى رَافِعٌ الأَنْصَارَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَاكُمْ عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ لَكُمْ نَافِعًا وَطَاعَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْفَعُ لَكُمْ  

"The Messenger of Allah forbade Al-Haql (renting land in return for one-third or one-quarter of the produce)."  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْحَقْلِ  

"The Messenger of Allah came out to us and forbade something for us that had been beneficial for us. He said: 'Whoever has land, let him cultivate it or give it to someone else (to cultivate), or leave it.'"  

خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَنَهَانَا عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ لَنَا نَافِعًا فَقَالَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا أَوْ يَمْنَحْهَا أَوْ يَذَرْهَا  

"The Messenger of Allah came out to us and forbade something for us that had been beneficial for us, but the command of Messenger of Allah is better for us. He said: 'Whoever has land, let him cultivate it or leave it or give it (to someone else to cultivate).'"  

خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَنَهَانَا عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ لَنَا نَافِعًا وَأَمْرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَيْرٌ لَنَا قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا أَوْ لِيَذَرْهَا أَوْ لِيَمْنَحْهَا وَمِمَّا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ طَاوُسًا لَمْ يَسْمَعْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ  

"Tawus regarded it disliked renting out land for gold and silver, but he did not see anything wrong with leasing it in return for one-third or one-quarter (of the yield). Mujahid said to him: 'Go to Ibn Rafi' bin Khadij and listen to his Hadith.' He said: 'By Allah, if I knew that the Messenger of Allah had forbidden that I would not have done it. But my Hadith comes from one who is more knowledgeable than him. Ibn 'Abbas (said) that the Messenger of Allah said: "If one of you were to give his land to his brother (to cultivate it), that would be better than taking an agreed portion of the yield."'"  

أَنْ يُؤَاجِرَ أَرْضَهُ بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ وَلاَ يَرَى بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ بَأْسًا فَقَالَ لَهُ مُجَاهِدٌ اذْهَبْ إِلَى ابْنِ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ فَاسْمَعْ مِنْهُ حَدِيثَهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْهُ مَا فَعَلْتُهُ وَلَكِنْ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّمَا قَالَ لأَنْ يَمْنَحَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَخَاهُ أَرْضَهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ عَلَيْهَا خَرَاجًا مَعْلُومًا وَقَدِ اخْتُلِفَ عَلَى عَطَاءٍ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ مَيْسَرَةَ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ رَافِعٍ وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُنَا لَهُ وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ  

"Whoever has land, let him cultivate it. If he is unable to cultivate it, let him give it to his Muslim brother and not share-crop it with him."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا فَإِنْ عَجَزَ أَنْ يَزْرَعَهَا فَلْيَمْنَحْهَا أَخَاهُ الْمُسْلِمَ وَلاَ يُزْرِعْهَا إِيَّاهُ  

The Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever has land, let him cultivate it or give it to his brother, and not lease it to him."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا أَوْ لِيَمْنَحْهَا أَخَاهُ وَلاَ يُكْرِيهَا تَابَعَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الأَوْزَاعِيُّ  

"Some people had some extra land which they leased out in return for half of the yield, or one-third, or one-quarter. The Messenger of Allah said: 'Whoever has land, let him cultivate it, or give it to his brother to cultivate or keep it (without cultivating it).'"  

كَانَ لأُنَاسٍ فُضُولُ أَرَضِينَ يُكْرُونَهَا بِالنِّصْفِ وَالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا أَوْ يُزْرِعْهَا أَوْ يُمْسِكْهَا وَافَقَهُ مَطَرُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ  

"The Messenger of Allah addressed us and said: 'Whoever has land, let him cultivate it or give it to someone else to cultivate, and let him not rent it out.'"  

خَطَبَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا أَوْ لِيُزْرِعْهَا وَلاَ يُؤَاجِرْهَا  

"That he forbade leasing out land."  

عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ  

It was narrated from Jabir that the Prophet forbade Al-Mukhabarah, Al-Muzabanah and Al-Muhaqalah, and selling fruit until it is fit to eat (ripe enough), except in the case of Al-'Araya.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُخَابَرَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَبَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يُطْعَمَ إِلاَّ الْعَرَايَا تَابَعَهُ يُونُسُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ  

It was narrated from Jabir that the Prophet forbade Al-Muhaqalah, Al-Muzabanah, Al-Mukhabarah and exceptions when selling, unless they were well-defined.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُخَابَرَةِ وَعَنِ الثُّنْيَا إِلاَّ أَنْ تُعْلَمَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ هَمَّامِ بْنِ يَحْيَى كَالدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ عَطَاءً لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ جَابِرٍ حَدِيثَهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا  

"Whoever has land, let him cultivate it or give it to his brother to cultivate, and not lease it to his brother."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا أَوْ لِيُزْرِعْهَا أَخَاهُ وَلاَ يُكْرِيهَا أَخَاهُ وَقَدْ رَوَى النَّهْىَ عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ يَزِيدُ بْنُ نُعَيْمٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ  

"The Prophet forbade Al-Haql and it is Al-Muzabanah."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْحَقْلِ وَهِيَ الْمُزَابَنَةُ خَالَفَهُ هِشَامٌ وَرَوَاهُ عَنْ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ  

"Al-Mukhadarah means selling fruit before it ripens and Al-Mukhabarah means selling grapes in return for a certain number of Sa's."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُخَاضَرَةِ وَقَالَ الْمُخَاضَرَةُ بَيْعُ الثَّمَرِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَزْهُوَ وَالْمُخَابَرَةُ بَيْعُ الْكَرْمِ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا صَاعٍ خَالَفَهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ  

"The Messenger of Allah forbade Al-Muhaqalah and Al-Muzabanah."  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ خَالَفَهُمَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فَقَالَ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ  

"The Messenger of Allah forbade Al-Muhaqalah and Al-Muzabanah."  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ خَالَفَهُمُ الأَسْوَدُ بْنُ الْعَلاَءِ فَقَالَ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ  

It was narrated from Rafi' bin Khadij that the Messenger of Allah forbade Al-Muhaqalah and Al-Muzabanah.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ رَوَاهُ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ  

"I asked Al-Qasim about Al-Muzara'ah, so he narrated from Rafi' bin Khadij that the Messenger of Allah forbade Al-Muhaqalah and Al-Muzabanah."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى  

Rafi' bin Khadij said that the Messenger of Allah forbade leasing land.  

قَالَ رَافِعُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَى سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ فِيهِ  

"My paternal uncle sent me with a slave of his, to Sa'eed bin Al-Musayyab to ask him about Al-Muzara'ah. He said: 'Ibn 'Umar did not see anything wrong with it, until he heard the Hadith from Rafi' bin Khadij. Then he met him, and Rafi' said: "The Prophet came to Banu Harithah and saw some crops. He said: 'How good are the crops of Zubair.' They said: 'It is not Zubair's.' He said: 'Is the land not Zubair's?' They said: 'No (it is not his), rather he is leasing it.' The Messenger of Allah said: 'Take your crops and give him what he spent.' So we took our crops, and gave him what he had spent."  

رَافِعٌ أَتَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ فَرَأَى زَرْعًا فَقَالَ مَا أَحْسَنَ زَرْعَ ظُهَيْرٍ فَقَالُوا لَيْسَ لِظُهَيْرٍ فَقَالَ أَلَيْسَ أَرْضُ ظُهَيْرٍ قَالُوا بَلَى وَلَكِنَّهُ أَزْرَعَهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خُذُوا زَرْعَكُمْ وَرُدُّوا إِلَيْهِ نَفَقَتَهُ قَالَ فَأَخَذْنَا زَرْعَنَا وَرَدَدْنَا إِلَيْهِ نَفَقَتَهُ وَرَوَاهُ طَارِقُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ  

"The Messenger of Allah forbade Al-Muhaqalah and Al-Muzabanah, and said: 'Only three may cultivate: A man who has land which he cultivates; a man who was given some land and cultivates what he was given; and a man who takes land on lease for gold or silver.'"  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ وَقَالَ إِنَّمَا يَزْرَعُ ثَلاَثَةٌ رَجُلٌ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَهُوَ يَزْرَعُهَا أَوْ رَجُلٌ مُنِحَ أَرْضًا فَهُوَ يَزْرَعُ مَا مُنِحَ أَوْ رَجُلٌ اسْتَكْرَى أَرْضًا بِذَهَبٍ أَوْ فِضَّةٍ مَيَّزَهُ إِسْرَائِيلُ عَنْ طَارِقٍ فَأَرْسَلَ الْكَلاَمَ الأَوَّلَ وَجَعَلَ الأَخِيرَ مِنْ قَوْلِ سَعِيدٍ  

"The Messenger of Allah forbade Al-Muhaqalah." Sa'eed said: "And he narrated something similar." And Sufyan Ath-Thawri reported it from Tariq.  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ قَالَ سَعِيدٌ فَذَكَرَهُ نَحْوَهُ رَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنْ طَارِقٍ  

"I heard Sa'eed bin Al-Musayyab say: 'Cultivating land is not allowed except in three cases: Land which one owns, land which is given to one, or land which one rents in return for gold and silver.'"  

عَنْ سَعِيدٍ فَأَرْسَلَهُ  

It was narrated from Sa'eed bin Al-Musayyab that the Messenger of Allah forbade Al-Muhaqalah and Al-Muzabanah.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ لَبِيبَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ فَقَالَ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ  

"At the time of the Messenger of Allah landowners used to lease their arable land in return for whatever grew on the banks of the streams for irrigation. They came to the Messenger of Allah and referred a dispute concerning such matters to him, and the Messenger of Allah forbade them to lease land on such terms, and said: 'Lease it for gold or silver.'"  

كَانَ أَصْحَابُ الْمَزَارِعِ يُكْرُونَ فِي زَمَانِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَزَارِعَهُمْ بِمَا يَكُونُ عَلَى السَّاقِي مِنَ الزَّرْعِ فَجَاءُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاخْتَصَمُوا فِي بَعْضِ ذَلِكَ فَنَهَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُكْرُوا بِذَلِكَ وَقَالَ أَكْرُوا بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ وَقَدْ رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ سُلَيْمَانُ عَنْ رَافِعٍ فَقَالَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ عُمُومَتِهِ  

"At the time of the Messenger of Allah we used to lease land on the basis of Al-Muhaqalah, so we would lease it in return for one-third or one-quarter of the yield, or a specified amount of food (produce). One day, a man among my paternal uncles came and said 'The Messenger of Allah has forbidden me to do something that was beneficial for us, but obedience to Allah and His Messenger is more beneficial for us. He has forbidden us to lease land on the basis of Al-Muhaqalah and to lease it in return for one-third or one-quarter of the yield, and for a specified amount of food (produce). And he commanded the landowner to cultivate it (himself) or to give it to someone else to cultivate. He did not like leasing it or anything else.'"  

كُنَّا نُحَاقِلُ بِالأَرْضِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَنُكْرِيهَا بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ وَالطَّعَامِ الْمُسَمَّى فَجَاءَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ عُمُومَتِي فَقَالَ نَهَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ لَنَا نَافِعًا وَطَوَاعِيَةُ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ أَنْفَعُ لَنَا نَهَانَا أَنْ نُحَاقِلَ بِالأَرْضِ وَنُكْرِيَهَا بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ وَالطَّعَامِ الْمُسَمَّى وَأَمَرَ رَبَّ الأَرْضِ أَنْ يَزْرَعَهَا أَوْ يُزْرِعَهَا وَكَرِهَ كِرَاءَهَا وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ أَيُّوبُ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ مِنْ يَعْلَى  

"Ya'la bin Al-Hakim wrote to me (saying): 'I heard Sulaiman bin Yasar narrating from Rafi' bin Khadij, who said: "We used to lease land on the basis of Al-Muhaqalah, leasing it in return for one-third or one-quarter of the yield, and a specified amount of food (produce)."'"  

كُنَّا نُحَاقِلُ الأَرْضَ نُكْرِيهَا بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ وَالطَّعَامِ الْمُسَمَّى رَوَاهُ سَعِيدٌ عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ حَكِيمٍ  

"We used to lease land on the basis of Al-Muhaqalah during the time of the Messenger of Allah." He said that one of his paternal uncles came to them and said: "The Messenger of Allah has forbidden me to do something that was beneficial for us, but obedience to Allah and His Messenger is more beneficial." We said: "What is that?" He said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'Whoever has land, let him cultivate it (himself) or give it to his brother to cultivate, and not lease it in return for one-third or one-quarter of the yield nor a specified amount of food (produce).'"  

كُنَّا نُحَاقِلُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّ بَعْضَ عُمُومَتِهِ أَتَاهُ فَقَالَ نَهَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ لَنَا نَافِعًا وَطَوَاعِيَةُ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ أَنْفَعُ لَنَا قُلْنَا وَمَا ذَاكَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا أَوْ لِيُزْرِعْهَا أَخَاهُ وَلاَ يُكَارِيهَا بِثُلُثٍ وَلاَ رُبُعٍ وَلاَ طَعَامٍ مُسَمًّى رَوَاهُ حَنْظَلَةُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ رَافِعٍ فَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَى رَبِيعَةَ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ  

"My paternal uncle told me that they used to lease land at the time of the Messenger of Allah in return for what grew on the banks of the streams, and a share of the crop stipulated by the owner of the land. But the Messenger of Allah forbade us that." I (Hanzalah) said to Rafi': "How about leasing it in return for Dinars and Dirhams?" Rafi' said: "There is nothing wrong with (leasing it) for Dinars and Dirhams."  

حَدَّثَنِي عَمِّي أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يُكْرُونَ الأَرْضَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَا يَنْبُتُ عَلَى الأَرْبِعَاءِ وَشَىْءٍ مِنَ الزَّرْعِ يَسْتَثْنِي صَاحِبُ الأَرْضِ فَنَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقُلْتُ لِرَافِعٍ فَكَيْفَ كِرَاؤُهَا بِالدِّينَارِ وَالدِّرْهَمِ فَقَالَ رَافِعٌ لَيْسَ بِهَا بَأْسٌ بِالدِّينَارِ وَالدِّرْهَمِ خَالَفَهُ الأَوْزَاعِيُّ  

"I asked Rafi' bin Khadij about leasing land in return for Dinars and silver. He said: 'There is nothing wrong with that. During the time of the Messenger of Allah they used to rent land to one another in return for what grew on the banks of streams and where the springs emerged - some areas of which might give good produce and some might give none at all - and the people did not lease land in any other way. So that was forbidden. But as for leases where the return is known and guaranteed, there is nothing wrong with that.'"  

لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ النَّاسُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُؤَاجِرُونَ عَلَى الْمَاذِيَانَاتِ وَأَقْبَالِ الْجَدَاوِلِ فَيَسْلَمُ هَذَا وَيَهْلِكُ هَذَا وَيَسْلَمُ هَذَا وَيَهْلِكُ هَذَا فَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِلنَّاسِ كِرَاءٌ إِلاَّ هَذَا فَلِذَلِكَ زُجِرَ عَنْهُ فَأَمَّا شَىْءٌ مَعْلُومٌ مَضْمُونٌ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ وَافَقَهُ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ عَلَى إِسْنَادِهِ وَخَالَفَهُ فِي لَفْظِهِ  

"I asked Rafi' bin Khadij about leasing land. He said: 'The Messenger of Allah forbade leasing land.' I said: 'For gold or silver?' He said: 'No, rather he forbade leasing it in return for what the land produces. As for gold and silver, there is nothing wrong with that.'"  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ قُلْتُ بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْوَرِقِ قَالَ لاَ إِنَّمَا نَهَى عَنْهَا بِمَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا فَأَمَّا الذَّهَبُ وَالْفِضَّةُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ رَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ ؓ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ وَلَمْ يَرْفَعْهُ  

"I asked Rafi' bin Khadij about leasing uncultivated land in return for gold and silver. He said: '(It is) permissible and there is nothing wrong with that. That is the due of the land.'"  

عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ  

"The Messenger of Allah forbade us to lease our land. At that time there was no gold nor silver. A man would lease his land in return for what grew on the banks of streams and where the springs emerged, and in return for something specific."  

نَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ كِرَاءِ أَرْضِنَا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَوْمَئِذٍ ذَهَبٌ وَلاَ فِضَّةٌ فَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ يُكْرِي أَرْضَهُ بِمَا عَلَى الرَّبِيعِ وَالأَقْبَالِ وَأَشْيَاءَ مَعْلُومَةٍ وَسَاقَهُ رَوَاهُ سَالِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَى الزُّهْرِيِّ فِيهِ  

It was narrated from Az-Zuhri that Salim bin 'Abdullah narrated something similar.  

أَنَّ سَالِمَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ تَابَعَهُ عُقَيْلُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ  

"O Ibn Khadij, what do you narrate from the Messenger of Allah about leasing land?" Rafi said to Abdullah: "I heard two of my uncles, who had been present at Badr, telling the people in the house, that the Messenger of Allah forbade leasing land." Abdullah said: "I knew that at the time of the Messenger of Allah land used to be leased." Then Abdullah was concerned that the Messenger of Allah had decreed something and he had not known about it, so he stopped leasing land.  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ فَقَالَ رَافِعٌ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ سَمِعْتُ عَمَّىَّ وَكَانَا قَدْ شَهِدَا بَدْرًا يُحَدِّثَانِ أَهْلَ الدَّارِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَلَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّ الأَرْضَ تُكْرَى ثُمَّ خَشِيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَحْدَثَ فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَكُنْ يَعْلَمُهُ فَتَرَكَ كِرَاءَ الأَرْضِ أَرْسَلَهُ شُعَيْبُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ  

"We heard that Rafi bin Khadij used to narrate that his paternal uncles -whom he said had been present at Badr- (said) that the Messenger of Allah forbade leasing land."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ رَوَاهُ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ عَمَّيْهِ  

"Az-Zuhri said: 'Ibn Al-Musayyab used to say: 'There is nothing wrong with leasing land in return for gold and silver, and Rafi bin Khadij used to narrate that the Messenger of Allah forbade that.''"  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَافَقَهُ عَلَى إِرْسَالِهِ عَبْدُ الْكَرِيمِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ  

"The Messenger of Allah forbade leasing land." Ibn Shihab said: "Rafi was asked after that: 'How did they lease land?' He said: 'In return for a set amount of food (produce), and it was stipulated that we would have whatever grew on the banks of the streams and springs.'"  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ فَسُئِلَ رَافِعٌ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ كَيْفَ كَانُوا يُكْرُونَ الأَرْضَ قَالَ بِشَىْءٍ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ مُسَمًّى وَيُشْتَرَطُ أَنَّ لَنَا مَا تُنْبِتُ مَاذِيَانَاتُ الأَرْضِ وَأَقْبَالُ الْجَدَاوِلِ رَوَاهُ نَافِعٌ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ  

"We knew that he owned some arable land that he leased at the time of the Messenger of Allah in return for whatever grew on the banks of the streams of water, and for a certain amount of straw, I do not know how much it was." Ibn Awn reported it from Nafi but he said: "From some of his paternal uncles."  

أَنَّ عُمُومَتَهُ جَاءُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا فَأَخْبَرُوا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْمَزَارِعِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ قَدْ عَلِمْنَا أَنَّهُ كَانَ كُلُّ صَاحِبَ مَزْرَعَةٍ يُكْرِيهَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَنَّ لَهُ مَا عَلَى الرَّبِيعِ السَّاقِي الَّذِي يَتَفَجَّرُ مِنْهُ الْمَاءُ وَطَائِفَةٌ مِنَ التِّبْنِ لاَ أَدْرِي كَمْ هِيَ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ فَقَالَ عَنْ بَعْضِ عُمُومَتِهِ  

"Ibn 'Umar used to take rent for some land, then he heard something from Rafi' bin Khadij. He took me by the hand and went off to Rafi', and I was with him. Rafi' narrated to him from some of his paternal uncles, that the Messenger of Allah forbade leasing land, so 'Abdullah stopped (doing that) afterward."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ فَتَرَكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بَعْدُ  

It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that he used to take rent for land until Rafi' narrated to him, from some of his paternal uncles, that the Messenger of Allah forbade leasing land. So he stopped doing that afterward.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ فَتَرَكَهَا بَعْدُ رَوَاهُ أَيُّوبُ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ رَافِعٍ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ عُمُومَتَهُ  

"The Messenger of Allah used to forbid leasing arable land." So Ibn 'Umar stopped (doing that) afterward. When he was asked about it he said: "Rafi' bin Khadij said that the Prophet forbade that."  

أَنَّ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ يُخْبِرُ فِيهَا بِنَهْىِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَتَاهُ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَنْهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْمَزَارِعِ فَتَرَكَهَا ابْنُ عُمَرَ بَعْدُ فَكَانَ إِذَا سُئِلَ عَنْهَا قَالَ زَعَمَ رَافِعُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْهَا وَافَقَهُ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَكَثِيرُ بْنُ فَرْقَدٍ وَجُوَيْرِيَةُ بْنُ أَسْمَاءَ