22. Divorce
٢٢۔ كِتَابُ الطَّلَاقِ
"O Messenger of Allah, this is Fatimah bint Qais who has been divorced by so-and-so. He sent her some provision but she rejected it. He said that it was something he did not have to do (a favor)." He said: "He is telling the truth." The Prophet said: "Go to Umm Kulthum and observe your 'Iddah in her house." Then he said: "Umm Kulthum is a woman who has a lot of visitors. Go to 'Abdullah bin Umm Maktum for he is blind." So she went to 'Abdullah and observed her 'Iddah in his house, until her 'Iddah was over. Then Abu Al-Jahm and Mu'awiyah bin Abi Sufyan proposed to her. So she came to the Messenger of Allah to consult him about them. He said: "As for Abu Al-Jahm, he is a man the waving of whose stick I fear for you. And as for Mu'awiyah he is a man who does not have any money." So she married Usamah bin Zaid after that. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3545)
أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا بَعْضَ النَّفَقَةِ فَتَقَالَّتْهَا فَانْطَلَقَتْ إِلَى بَعْضِ نِسَاءِ النَّبِي ﷺ فَدَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَهِيَ عِنْدَهَا فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذِهِ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ قَيْسٍ طَلَّقَهَا فُلَانٌ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا بَعْضَ النَّفَقَةِ فَرَدَّتْهَا وَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ شَيْءٌ تَطَوَّلَ بِهِ فَقَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «انْطَلِقِي إِلَى أُمِّ كُلْثُومٍ فَاعْتَدِّي عِنْدَهَا» ثُمَّ قَالَ «إِنَّ أُمَّ كُلْثُومٍ امْرَأَةٌ يَكْثُرُ عُوَّادُهَا فَانْطَلِقِي إِلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْمَى» فَانْتَقَلَتْ عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ فَاعْتَدَّتْ عِنْدَهُ حَتَّى انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا ثُمَّ خَطَبَهَا أَبُو الْجَهْمِ وَمُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَجَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ تَسْتَأْمِرُهُ فِيهِمَا فَقَالَ «أَمَّا أَبُو الْجَهْمِ فَرَجُلٌ أَخَافُ عَلَيْكِ قَسْقَاسَتَهُ لِلْعَصَا وَأَمَّا مُعَاوِيَةُ فَرَجُلٌ أَخْلَقَ مِنَ الْمَالِ» فَتَزَوَّجَتْ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ
[Machine] She came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked him about leaving her house. He ordered her to go to the house of Ibn Umm Maktum, the blind man. Marwan refused to believe Fatima in regards to the divorcee leaving her house. Urwah said that Aisha denied this to Fatima. 5710 Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna informed us, Hafs informed us, Hisham narrated from his father, from Fatima who said, "I said, O Messenger of Allah, my husband has divorced me three times and I fear that he will come back to me."
أَنَّهَا جَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَاسْتَفْتَتْهُ فِي خُرُوجِهَا مِنْ بَيْتِهَا فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَنْتَقِلَ إِلَى عِنْدَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ الْأَعْمَى فَأَبَى مَرْوَانُ أَنْ يُصَدِّقَ فَاطِمَةَ فِي خُرُوجِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا قَالَ عُرْوَةُ أَنْكَرَتْ عَائِشَةُ ذَلِكَ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ 5710 أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصٌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ قَالَتْ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ زَوْجِي طَلَّقَنِي ثَلَاثًا وَأَخَافُ أَنْ يَقْتَحِمَ عَلَيَّ فَأَمَرَهَا فَتَحَوَّلَتْ
I visited Fatima bint Qais and asked her about the verdict of Messenger of Allah ﷺ about (board and lodging during the 'Idda) and she said that her husband divorced her with an irrevocable divorce. She (further. said): I contended with him before Allah's Messerger ﷺ about lodging and maintenance allowance, and she said: He did not provide me with any lodging or maintenance allowance, and he commanded me to spend the 'Idda in the house of Ibn Umm Maktum. (Using translation from Muslim 1480i)
عَنْ قَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَتْ طَلَّقَهَا زَوْجُهَا الْبَتَّةَ فَخَاصَمَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي السُّكْنَى وَالنَّفَقَةِ قَالَتْ فَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ لِي سُكْنَى وَلَا نَفَقَةً «وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَعْتَدَّ فِي بَيْتِ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ»
"My husband divorced me and I wanted to move, so I went to the Messenger of Allah and he said: 'Move to the house of your paternal cousin 'Amr bin Umm Maktum, and observe your 'Iddah there.'" Al-Aswad hit him (Ash-Sha'bi) with a pebble and said: "Woe be to you! Why do you issue such a Fatwa? 'Umar said: 'If you bring two witnesses who will testify that they heard that from the Messenger of Allah (we will believe you), otherwise, we will not leave the Book of Allah for the word of a woman.' 'And turn them not out of their (husband's) homes nor shall they (themselves) leave, except in case they are guilty of some open Fahishah.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3549)
طَلَّقَنِي زَوْجِي فَأَرَدْتُ النُّقْلَةَ فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «انْتَقِلِي إِلَى بَيْتِ ابْنِ عَمِّكِ عَمْرِو بْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ فَاعْتَدِّي فِيهِ» فَحَصَبَهُ الْأَسْوَدُ وَقَالَ وَيْلَكَ لِمَ تُفْتِي مِثْلَ هَذَا قَالَ عُمَرُ إِنْ جِئْتَ بِشَاهِدَيْنِ يَشْهَدَانِ أَنَّهُمَا سَمِعَاهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَإِلَّا لَمْ نَتْرُكْ كِتَابَ اللهِ لِقَوْلِ امْرَأَةٍ {لَا تُخْرِجُوهُنَّ مِنْ بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَلَا يَخْرُجْنَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ} [الطلاق 1]