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Qurʾān Bukhārī Muslim Nasāʾī Abū Dāwūd Tirmidhī Ibn Mājah Mālik Aḥmad Dārimī Ḥākim Ibn Ḥibbān Ṭabarānī Nasāʾī's Kubrá Bayhaqī al-Luʾluʾ wa-al-Marjān Ibn Rajab's Fifty Riyāḍ al-Ṣāliḥīn Aḥmad's Zuhd Suyūṭī

ذِكْرُ مَا يُسْتَحَبُّ لِلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَقُولَ عِنْدَ الْتِحَامِ الْحَرْبِ بِأَنَّ سَلَبَ الْقَتِيلِ يَكُونُ لِقَاتِلِهِ

ibnhibban:4836 – al-Ḥasan b. Sufyān > Ḥibbān b. Mūsá > ʿAbdullāh > Ḥammād b. Salamah > Isḥāq b. ʿAbdullāh b. Abū Ṭalḥah > Anas b. Mālik

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said on the day of Hunayn, "Whoever kills a disbeliever, his spoils belong to him." Abu Talha killed twenty men that day and took their belongings. Abu Qatadah said, "O Messenger of Allah, I struck a man on his collarbone while he had a shield and the blow caused the shield to fall off him. Then another man said, 'I took it. So give it to me.' The Prophet ﷺ said nothing unless he was asked for something and he would either give it or keep silent. So he ﷺ remained silent. Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "By Allah, Allah will not let you have it from the lions of His lions and give it to you." Then the Prophet ﷺ laughed and said, "Umar spoke the truth."  

ابن حبّان:٤٨٣٦ – أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حِبَّانُ بْنُ مُوسَى قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ «مَنْ قَتَلَ كَافِرًا فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ» فَقَتَلَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا وَأَخَذَ أَسْلَابَهُمْ قَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ضَرَبْتُ رَجُلًا عَلَى حَبْلِ الْعَاتِقِ وَعَلَيْهِ دِرْعٌ فَأُجْهِضْتُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ أَنَا أَخَذْتُهَا فَأَرْضِهِ مِنْهَا وَأَعْطِنِيهَا وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَا يُسْأَلُ شَيْئًا أَلَا أَعْطَاهُ أَوْ سَكَتَ فَسَكَتَ ﷺ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَاللَّهِ لَا يُفِيئُهَا اللَّهُ عَلَى أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسْدِهِ وَيُعْطِيكَهَا فَضَحِكَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَقَالَ «صَدَقَ عُمَرُ»  

See similar narrations below:

Collected by Ḥākim
hakim:2591 – ʿAlī b. Ḥamshādh al-ʿAdl And ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Ḥusayn al-Qāḍī > al-Ḥārith b. Abū Usāmah > Rawḥ b. ʿUbādah > Ḥammād b. Salamah > Isḥāq b. ʿAbdullāh b. Abū Ṭalḥah > Anas b. Mālik

[Machine] On the day of Hunayn, the spoils included women, children, camels, and sheep. They were lined up in rows to be distributed abundantly to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . The Muslims and the polytheists met and the Muslims turned their backs in retreat, as Allah the Almighty said. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I am the slave of Allah and His Messenger," and he said, "O Ansar, I am the slave of Allah and His Messenger." Then Allah vanquished the polytheists without thrusting a spear or striking with a sword. On that day, the Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever kills a disbeliever, their belongings are theirs." Abu Qatadah killed twenty men on that day and took their spoils. Abu Qatadah said, "O Messenger of Allah, I hit a man who was wearing a chain mail and had a shield, and I hurried to take his spoils. Look at who he is, O Messenger of Allah." A man said, "O Messenger of Allah, I took it, so it belongs to me. Give it to me." The Prophet ﷺ remained silent, as he would either grant a request or remain silent. 'Umar said, "No, by Allah, Allah will not give a lion from His lions to someone else." Then the Prophet ﷺ smiled.  

الحاكم:٢٥٩١ – حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَمْشَاذٍ الْعَدْلُ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا ثنا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ ثنا رَوْحُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ

أَنَّ هَوَازِنَ جَاءَتْ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ بِالنِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ وَالْإِبِلِ وَالْغَنَمِ فَصَفُّوهُمْ صُفُوفًا لِيُكَثِّرُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَالْتَقَى الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ فَوَلَّى الْمُسْلِمُونَ مُدْبِرِينَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولُهُ» وَقَالَ «يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولُهُ» فَهَزَمَ اللَّهُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَمْ يَطْعَنْ بِرُمْحٍ وَلَمْ يَضْرِبْ بِسَيْفٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ «مَنْ قَتَلَ كَافِرًا فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ» فَقَتَلَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا وَأَخَذَ أَسْلَابَهُمْ فَقَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ضَرَبْتُ رَجُلًا عَلَى حَبْلِ الْعَاتِقِ وَعَلَيْهِ دِرْعٌ لَهُ فَأُعْجِلْتُ عَنْهُ أَنْ آخُذَ سَلَبَهُ فَانْظُرْ مَنْ هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا أَخَذْتُهَا فَأَرْضِهِ مِنْهَا فَأَعْطِنِيهَا فَسَكَتَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَكَانَ لَا يُسْأَلُ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَعْطَاهُ أَوْ سَكَتَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا وَاللَّهِ لَا يَفِيءُ اللَّهُ عَلَى أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسْدِهِ وَيُعْطِيكَهَا فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ  

هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ مُسْلِمٍ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ على شرط مسلم