35. Book of Taking by Force/Unjustly
٣٥۔ كِتَابُ الْغَصْبِ
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ مِنْ رَدِّ حُقُوقِ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَتَرْكِهِ الِاتِّكَالَ عَلَى هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا الْفَانِيَةِ الزَّائِلَةِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered upon me while he had a sad face. I said, "I thought that was due to pain." He said, "What makes you think so? May Allah bless you. I have a sad face because of the seven denarii that came to us yesterday and we have not divided them."
دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ سَاهِمُ الْوَجْهِ قَالَتْ حَسِبْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ وَجْعٍ قُلْتُ مَا لِي أَرَاكَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ سَاهِمَ الْوَجْهِ قَالَ «مِنْ أَجْلِ الدَّنَانِيرِ السَّبْعَةِ الَّتِي أَتَتْنَا الْأَمْسِ فَلَمْ نَقْسِمْهَا»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ عَذَابِ اللَّهِ مَنْ ظَلَمَ أَخَاهُ الْمُسْلِمَ عَلَى شِبْرٍ مِنْ أَرْضِهِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever takes a span of land unjustly, a collar made of seven earths will be placed around his neck."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ أَخَذَ شِبْرًا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ حَقِّهِ طُوِّقَهُ مِنْ سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ قَوْلَهُ ﷺ «مَنْ أَخَذَ شِبْرًا»، إِنَّمَا هُوَ الْإِشَارَةُ إِلَى نَفْسِ هَذَا الْفِعْلِ لَا الْإِشَارَةُ إِلَى الشِّبْرِ فَقَطْ
[Machine] Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever unlawfully takes even a span of land, he will be encircled with a shackle from the seven layers of the Earth."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنْ أَخَذَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ شِبْرًا بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ طُوِّقَهُ مِنْ سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الدَّالِّ عَلَى أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْعُقُوبَةِ تَجِبَ عَلَى الْغَاصِبِ الشِّبْرَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ فَمَا فَوْقَهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَخْذُهُ إِيَّاهَا بِالْيَمِينِ الْفَاجِرَةِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever wrongs even by a span on the Earth, a collar of seven Earths will be placed around his neck on the Day of Resurrection."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ ظَلَمَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ شِبْرًا طُوِّقَهُ مِنْ سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الظَّالِمَ الشِّبْرَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ فَمَا فَوْقَهُ يُكَلَّفُ حَفْرَهَا إِلَى أَسْفَلَ مِنْ سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ بِنَفْسِهِ، ثُمَّ يُطَوَّقُ إِيَّاهَا ذَلِكَ
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "Whosoever oppresses others even to the extent of a hand's breadth, Allah will make him bear the consequences of it by digging for him a pit in the Earth until he reaches the seven Earths, and then tying him up on the Day of Judgment until he settles matters between people."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ ظَلَمَ شِبْرًا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ كَلَّفَهُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَحْفِرَهُ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ سَبْعَ أَرَضِينَ ثُمَّ يُطَوَّقُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حَتَّى يَفْصِلَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ»
ذِكْرُ إِيجَابِ دُخُولِ النَّارِ لِمَنْ ظَلَمَ أَخَاهُ الْمُسْلِمَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ مَالِهِ أَرْضًا كَانَ أَوْ غَيْرَهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ الشَّيْءُ يَسِيرًا تَافِهًا
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allahﷺ say while walking between two Jamaarat during Hajj, "Whoever takes even a hand-span of a Muslim's property with injustice, he will have a house in the Fire (Hell) prepared for him." Omar ibn Abdulwahab narrated this incident uniquely.
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ وَهُوَ يَمْشِي بَيْنَ جَمْرَتَيْنِ مِنَ الْجِمَارِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ «مَنْ أَخَذَ شِبْرًا مِنْ مَالِ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ بِيَمِينٍ فَاجِرَةٍ فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ بَيْتًا مِنَ النَّارِ» تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ
ذِكْرُ الْأَمْرِ بِرَدِّ الظَّالِمِ عَنْ ظُلْمِهِ وَنُصْرَةِ الْمَظْلُومِ إِذْ رَدُّ الظَّالِمِ عَنْ ظُلْمِهِ نُصْرَتُهُ
Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Help your brother, whether he is an oppressor or he is an oppressed one." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2443)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «انْصُرْ أَخَاكَ ظَالِمًا أَوْ مَظْلُومًا» قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَذَا نَصَرُهُ مَظْلُومًا فَكَيْفَ أَنْصُرُهُ ظَالِمًا؟ قَالَ «تُمْسِكُهُ مِنَ الظُّلْمِ فَذَاكَ نَصْرُكَ إِيَّاهُ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِصِحَّةِ مَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ
"Help your brother whether he is an oppressor or oppressed." It was said: "O Messenger of Allah! I help him when he is oppressed. But how can I help him when he oppresses?" He said: "Prevent him from oppression, that is your help for him." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2255)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «انْصُرْ أَخَاكَ ظَالِمًا أَوْ مَظْلُومًا» فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَذَا نَنْصُرُهُ مَظْلُومًا فَكَيْفَ أَنْصُرُهُ ظَالِمًا؟ قَالَ «تَكُفُّهُ عَنِ الظُّلْمِ»
ذِكْرُ الْأَمْرِ لِلْمَرْءِ بِنُصْرَةِ الظَّالِمِ وَالْمَظْلُومِ مَعًا، إِذَا قَدَرَ الْمَرْءُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Support your brother, whether he is an oppressor or oppressed." The companions asked, "O Messenger of Allah, we understand supporting him when he is oppressed, but how do we support him when he is an oppressor?" He replied, "By preventing him from oppression."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «انْصُرْ أَخَاكَ ظَالِمًا أَوْ مَظْلُومًا» قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَذَا يَنْصُرُهُ مَظْلُومًا فَكَيْفَ يَنْصُرُهُ ظَالِمًا قَالَ «يَكُفُّهُ عَنِ الظُّلْمِ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ، عَنِ النُّهْبَةِ لِلْأَشْيَاءِ، الَّتِي لَا يَمْلِكُهَا الْمَرْءُ
[Machine] I heard the caller of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of Hunayn forbidding looting.
«سَمِعْتُ مُنَادِيَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ يَنْهَى عَنِ النُّهْبَةِ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ انْتِهَابِ الْمَرْءِ مَالَ أَخِيهِ الْمُسْلِمِ
“Whoever plunders is not one of us.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3937)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنِ انْتَهَبَ نُهْبَةً فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ احْتِلَابِ الْمَرْءِ مَاشِيَةَ أَخِيهِ الْمُسْلِمِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited the confiscation of people's livestock without the permission of their owners. He said, "Does anyone of you like that his own drinking vessel is broken and its contents are spilled? Indeed, the udders of their livestock are the food of one of them. So, I do not know anyone who milks the livestock of someone else without his permission."
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ تُحْتَلَبَ مَوَاشِي النَّاسِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ أَرْبَابِهَا» وَقَالَ «أَيُحِبُّ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ تُؤْتَى مَشْرُبَتُهُ فَيُكْسَرَ بَابُهَا فَيُنْتَثَلَ مَا فِيهَا مِنَ الطَّعَامِ إِنَّمَا ضُرُوعُ مَوَاشِيهِمْ هُوَ طَعَامُ أَحَدِهِمْ فَلَا أَعْرِفَنَّ أَحَدًا حَلَبَ مَاشِيَةَ أَحَدٍ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ»
ذِكْرُ نَفْيِ اسْمِ الْإِيمَانِ عَنِ الْمُنْتَهِبِ النُّهْبَةَ إِذَا كَانَتْ ذَاتَ شَرَفٍ
When one commits fornication, one is not a believer ; when one steals, one is not a believer ; when one drinks, one is not a believer ; and repentance is placed before him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4689)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا يَزْنِي الزَّانِي وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلَا يَسْرِقُ السَّارِقُ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلَا يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرُ حِينَ يَشْرَبُهَا وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ ذِكْرَ النُّهْبَةِ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ فِي هَذَا الْخَبَرِ
When one commits fornication, one is not a believer ; when one steals, one is not a believer ; when one drinks, one is not a believer ; and repentance is placed before him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4689)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا يَزْنِي الزَّانِي حِينَ يَزْنِي وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلَا يَسْرِقُ السَّارِقُ حِينَ يَسْرِقُ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلَا يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ حِينَ يَشْرَبُهَا وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلَا يَنْتَهِبُ نُهْبَةً وَهُوَ حِينَ يَنْتَهِبُهَا مُؤْمِنٌ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَخْذِ هَذِهِ الْأَمْوَالِ مِنْ غَيْرِ حِلِّهَا لِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
[Machine] I heard the Prophet ﷺ saying from the pulpit, "The most fearful thing I fear for you is what Allah will bring forth from the earth and the blossom of the world." So, a man stood up and said, "O Messenger of Allah, can good come from evil?" The Prophet ﷺ remained silent until we thought he was being revealed to. When the revelation was over, he asked, "Where is the questioner?" The man said, "Here I am, O Messenger of Allah, and I only seek good." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Good only comes with good. However, everything that springs forth in the spring kills, except for green vegetation. It eats until its sides become exposed to the sun, withers away, then comes back and eats again. Then it rises and fattens. Whoever takes money rightfully will be blessed in it and benefited, but whoever takes money unlawfully will not be blessed in it and is like someone who eats but is never satisfied."
سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ «إِنَّ أَخْوَفَ مَا أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ مَا أَخْرَجَ اللَّهُ مِنْ نَبَتِ الْأَرْضِ وَزَهْرَةِ الدُّنْيَا» فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَهَلْ يَأْتِي الْخَيْرُ بِالشَّرِّ؟ فَسَكَتَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ يُنَزَّلُ عَلَيْهِ وَكَانَ إِذَا نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ غَشِيَهُ بُهْرٌ وَعَرَقٌ فَلَمَّا سُرِّيَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ «أَيْنَ السَّائِلُ؟ » فَقَالَ هَا أَنَا ذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلَمْ أُرِدْ إِلَّا خَيْرًا فَقَالَ «إِنَّ الْخَيْرَ لَا يَأْتِي إِلَّا بِالْخَيْرِ وَلَكِنْ كُلُّ مَا يُنْبِتُ الرَّبِيعُ يَقْتُلُ حَبَطًا أَوْ يُلِمُّ إِلَّا آكِلَةَ الْخَضِرِ فَإِنَّهَا تَأْكُلُ حَتَّى إِذَا امْتَدَّتْ خَاصِرَتَاهَا اسْتَقْبَلَتِ الشَّمْسَ فَثَلَطَتْ وَبَالَتْ ثُمَّ عَادَتْ فَأَكَلَتْ ثُمَّ قَامَتْ فَاجْتَرَّتْ فَمَنْ أَخَذَ مَالًا بِحَقِّهِ بُورِكَ لَهُ فِيهِ وَنَفَعَهُ وَمَنْ أَخَذَ مَالًا بِغَيْرِ حَقِّهِ لَمْ يُبَارَكْ لَهُ فِيهِ وَكَانَ كَالَّذِي يَأْكُلُ وَلَا يَشْبَعُ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ يُمْهِلُ الظَّلَمَةَ وَالْفُسَّاقَ إِلَى وَقْتِ قَضَاءِ أَخْذِهِمْ فَإِذَا أَخَذَهُمْ أَخَذَ بِشِدَّةٍ نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْهُ
[Machine] About the Prophet (PBUH), he said, "Indeed, Allah grants respite to the wrongdoer until, when He takes hold of him, he cannot escape. Then, recite: 'And thus is the seizure of your Lord when He seizes the cities while they are committing wrong. Indeed, His seizure is painful and severe.'"
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُمْهِلُ الظَّالِمَ حَتَّى إِذَا أَخَذَهُ لَمْ يَنْفَلِتْ ثُمَّ تَلَا {وَكَذَلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ الْقُرَى وَهِيَ ظَالِمَةٌ إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌ} »
35.1.17 Subsection
٣٥۔١۔١٧ ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ الظُّلْمِ وَالْفُحْشِ وَالشُّحِّ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Beware of oppression, for oppression will be darkness on the Day of Resurrection. Beware of foul language, for Allah does not like foul language or vulgar speech. Beware of greed, for it destroyed those who came before you. They were commanded to sever their family ties and they did so, and they were commanded to commit indecency and they did so, and they were commanded to be stingy and they were stingy." A man asked, "O Messenger of Allah, which aspect of Islam is the best?" He said, "That you keep your tongue and your hand from harming Muslims." The man asked, "O Messenger of Allah, which type of migration is the best?" He said, "To migrate from what Allah dislikes." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ also said, "Migration is of two types: the migration of a traveler and the migration of a resident. As for the traveler, he responds when called and obeys when commanded. As for the resident, his test and reward are greater."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِيَّاكُمْ وَالظُّلْمَ فَإِنَّ الظُّلْمَ ظُلُمَاتٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالْفُحْشَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْفُحْشَ وَلَا التَّفَحُّشَ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالشُّحَّ فَإِنَّمَا أَهْلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمُ الشُّحُّ أَمَرَهُمْ بِالْقَطِيعَةِ فَقَطَعُوا أَرْحَامَهُمْ وَأَمَرَهُمْ بِالْفُجُورِ فَفَجَرُوا وَأَمَرَهُمْ بِالْبُخْلِ فَبَخِلُوا» فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَأَيُّ الْإِسْلَامِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ «أَنْ يَسْلَمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ لِسَانِكَ وَيَدِكَ» قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَأَيُّ الْهِجْرَةِ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ «أَنْ تَهْجُرَ مَا كَرِهَ رَبُّكَ» قَالَ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الْهِجْرَةُ هِجْرَتَانِ هِجْرَةُ الْحَاضِرِ وَهِجْرَةُ الْبَادِي أَمَّا الْبَادِي فَيُجِيبُ إِذَا دُعِيَ وَيُطِيعُ إِذَا أُمِرَ وَأَمَّا الْحَاضِرُ فَهُوَ أَعْظَمُهُمَا بَلِيَّةً وَأَعْظَمُهُمَا أَجْرًا»
[Machine] "The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Beware of foul language, for surely Allah does not like it, and beware of injustice, for injustice will be darkness on the Day of Judgment. And beware of stinginess, for stinginess led those before you to shed blood and sever family ties.'"
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِيَّاكُمْ وَالْفُحْشَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْفَاحِشَ وَالْمُتَفَحِّشَ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالظُّلْمَ فَإِنَّ الظُّلْمَ هِيَ الظُّلُمَاتُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالشُّحَّ فَإِنَّ الشُّحَّ دَعَا مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ فَسَفَكُوا دِمَاءَهُمْ وَقَطَعُوا أَرْحَامَهُمْ» *