34. Book of Renting
٣٤۔ كِتَابُ الْإِجَارَةِ
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ قَالَ: مِنَ الْمُتَصَوِّفَةِ بِإِبْطَالِ الْكَسْبِ
"Zakariyya was a carpenter." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2150)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «كَانَ زَكَرِيَّا نَجَّارًا»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَأْنَفُ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ ضِدَّ قَوْلِ مَنْ كَرِهَ الْكَسْبِ وَحَظَرَهُ
[Machine] We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when we were afflicted with a skin disease. He said, "Use black seed, for it is the best." We said, "And did you use to tend to sheep?" He replied, "Yes, there is no prophet except that he has tended to sheep."
كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَجْتَنِي الْكَبَاثَ فَقَالَ «عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْأَسْوَدِ فَإِنَّهُ أَطْيَبُ» فَقُلْنَا وَكُنْتَ تَرْعَى الْغَنَمَ قَالَ «نَعَمْ وَهَلْ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ إِلَّا قَدْ رَعَاهَا»
ذِكْرُ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا قَالَ ﷺ «لِلْكَبَاثِ الْأَسْوَدِ، إِنَّهُ أَطْيَبُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ»
[Machine] We were with the Prophet ﷺ while we were afflicted by hunger. So the Prophet ﷺ said, "You should have the black soup, for it is the tastiest, and I used to eat it in the time when I was a shepherd." They said, "O Messenger of Allah, were you a shepherd?" He said, "Indeed, every prophet has been a shepherd."
كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ نَجْتَنِي الْكَبَاثَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْأَسْوَدِ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ أَطْيَبُ وَإِنِّي كُنْتُ آكُلُهُ زَمَنَ كُنْتُ أَرْعَى» قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَكُنْتَ تَرْعَى؟ فَقَالَ «وَهَلْ بُعِثَ نَبِيٌّ إِلَّا وَهُوَ رَاعٍ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِبَاحَةِ لِلْمَرْءِ اسْتِخْدَامَ الْأَحْرَارِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُونُوا بِالِغِينَ
[Machine] "He was ten years old when he accompanied the Prophet ﷺ to Medina, and my mothers incited me to serve the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . I served the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for ten years of his life in Medina, and the Prophet ﷺ passed away while I was twenty years old. He said, 'I had the most knowledge about matters of hijab when it was revealed. Ubayy ibn Ka'b used to ask me about it.' He said, 'The first thing revealed in the residential quarter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was regarding Zainab bint Jahsh. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ became married to her and made a feast for the people. They ate and left, and only a few remained with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . They stayed longer, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ got up and went out, and I went out with him so that they could leave. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ walked and I walked with him until we reached Aisha's door. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ thought that they had already left, so he turned back, and I turned back with him until he entered upon Zainab. There they were sitting, and they did not stand up. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ left, and I left with him until we reached Aisha's door. Again, he thought that they had already left, so he turned back, and I turned back until I saw that they had indeed left. He then drew the curtains between him and them, and the hijab was revealed."
أَنَّهُ كَانَ ابْنَ عَشَرِ سِنِينَ مَقْدِمَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ فَكُنَّ أُمَّهَاتِي يُحَرِّضْنَنِي عَلَى خِدْمَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «فَخَدَمْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَشْرًا حَيَاتَهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَتُوُفِّيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَأَنَا ابْنُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً» قَالَ «وَكُنْتُ أَعْلَمَ النَّاسِ بِشَأْنِ الْحِجَابِ حِينَ أُنْزِلَ لَقَدْ كَانَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ يَسْأَلُنِي عَنْهُ» قَالَ «وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَا أُنْزِلَ فِي مُبْتَنَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِزَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ أَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِهَا عَرُوسًا فَدَعَا الْقَوْمَ فَأَصَابُوا مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَخَرَجُوا وَبَقِيَ مِنْهُمْ رَهْطٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَطَالُوا الْمُكْثَ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَخَرَجَ وَخَرَجْتُ مَعَهُ لِكَيْ يَخْرُجُوا فَمَشَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَمَشَيْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى جَاءَ عَتَبَةَ حُجْرَةِ عَائِشَةَ ثُمَّ ظَنَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ خَرَجُوا فَرَجَعَ وَرَجَعْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى زَيْنَبَ وَإِذَا هُمْ جُلُوسٌ لَمْ يَقُومُوا فَرَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَرَجَعْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ عَتْبَةَ حُجْرَةِ عَائِشَةَ فَظَنَّ أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ خَرَجُوا فَرَجَعَ وَرَجَعْتُ فَإِذَا هُمْ قَدْ خَرَجُوا فَضَرَبَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ سِتْرًا وَأُنْزِلَ الْحِجَابُ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَنْ إِبَاحَةِ أَخْذِ الْمَرْءِ الْأُجْرَةَ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا
[Machine] "A group of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by a village in the Arab lands, where some people had been bitten by a snake or were affected by its venom. They asked the villagers if there was anyone with healing abilities among them. One man among the companions volunteered and went to treat them using the opening chapter of the Quran. As a result, they were cured. When the companions returned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , they disapproved of the action, saying that he had charged them for his services with a payment from the Book of Allah. When they informed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about this incident, he called the man and asked him about it. The man responded, 'O Messenger of Allah, we passed by a village in the Arab lands where some people had been bitten by a snake or were affected by its venom. We asked them if there was anyone with healing abilities among them. They requested a skilled person, so I treated them using the opening chapter of the Quran, and they were cured.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said, 'The most deserving thing for which you have charged them is the Book of Allah.'"
أَنَّ نَفَرًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَرُّوا بِحَيٍّ مِنْ أَحْيَاءِ الْعَرَبِ وَفِيهِمْ لَدِيغٌ أَوْ سَلِيمٌ فَقَالُوا هَلْ فِيكُمْ مِنْ رَاقٍ فَانْطَلَقَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَرَقَاهُ عَلَى شَاءٍ فَبَرَأَ فَلَمَّا أَتَى أَصْحَابُهُ كَرِهُوا ذَلِكَ فَقَالُوا أَخَذْتَ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ أَجْرًا فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ بِذَلِكَ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الرَّجُلَ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا مَرَرْنَا بِحَيٍّ مِنْ أَحْيَاءِ الْعَرَبِ فِيهِمْ لَدِيغٌ أَوْ سَلِيمٌ فَقَالُوا هَلْ فِيكُمْ مِنْ رَاقٍ فَرَقَيْتُهُ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ فَبَرَأَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ أَحَقَّ مَا أَخَذْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِبَاحَةِ لِلْمَرْءِ أَنْ يَكُونَ وَزَّانًا لِلنَّاسِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَلْزَمَ النَّصِيحَةَ فِي أُمُورِهِ وَأَسْبَابِهِ
"Makhrafah Al' Abdi and I brought linens from Hajar[1] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to us to bargain with us with some trousers. There was someone with me who weighed (the goods) in exchange for a wage. So the Prophet ﷺ said to the one weighing: 'Weigh and add more.'" (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2220)
جَلَبْتُ أَنَا وَمَخْرَفَةُ الْعَبْدِيُّ بَزًّا مِنْ هَجَرَ فَأَتَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَاوَمَنَا سَرَاوِيلَ وَعِنْدَهُ وَزَّانٌ يَزِنُ بِالْأَجْرِ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «زِنْ فَأَرْجِحْ» أَرَادَ بِهِ مِنْ مَالِهِ لِيُعْطِيَ ثَمَنَ السَّرَاوِيلِ رَاجِحًا
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ قَدْ يُوهِمُ غَيْرَ الْمُتَبَحِّرِ فِي صِنَاعَةِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ إِجَارَةَ الْأَرْضِ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ غَيْرُ جَائِزَةٍ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever has land, let him cultivate it. And if he is unable to cultivate it, let him gift it to his brother and not rent it to him."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ يَزْرَعَهَا فَلْيَمْنَحْهَا أَخَاهُ وَلَا يُؤَاجِرْهَا إِيَّاهُ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الدَّالِّ عَلَى إِبَاحَةِ أَخْذِ الْأُجْرَةِ عَلَى سُكْنَى بُيُوتِ مَكَّةَ
“O Messenger of Allah, will you stay in your house in Makkah?” He said: “Has ‘Aqeel left us any houses?” 'Aqeel had inherited Abu Talib along with Talib. Neither Ja'far nor 'Ali inherited anything because they had been Muslims, and 'Aqeel and Talib had been disbelievers. So on account of that, Omar would say the believer does not inherit from the disbeliever. And Usamah said: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said "The Muslim does not inherit from the disbeliever nor the disbeliever from the Muslim." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2730)
أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ انْزِلْ فِي دَارِكَ بِمَكَّةَ قَالَ «وَهَلْ تَرَكَ لَنَا عَقِيلٌ مِنْ رِبَاعٍ أَوْ دُورٍ» وَكَانَ عَقِيلٌ وَرِثَ أَبَا طَالِبٍ هُوَ وَطَالِبٌ وَلَمْ يَرِثْهُ جَعْفَرٌ وَلَا عَلِيٌّ شَيْئًا لِأَنَّهُمَا كَانَا مُسْلِمَيْنِ وَكَانَ عَقِيلٌ وَطَالِبٌ كَافِرَيْنِ فَكَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ لَا يَرِثُ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْكَافِرَ
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ، قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ أُجْرَةَ الْحَجَّامِ حَرَامٌ، وَأَنَّ كَسْبَهُ غَيْرُ جَائِزٍ
the Prophet ﷺ was treated with cupping and gave the cupper his wages. (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2164)
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ احْتَجَمَ وَأَعْطَى الْحَجَّامَ أَجْرَهُ وَاسْتَعَطَ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ ضِرَابِ الْجَمَلِ
[Machine] "He (the speaker) heard Jabir ibn Abdullah saying, 'The Prophet ﷺ forbade beating camels excessively.'"
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ «نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ ضِرَابِ الْجَمَلِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ هَذَا الْفِعْلَ إِنَّمَا زُجِرَ عَنْهُ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ بِأُجْرَةٍ
[Machine] On the authority of Abdullah bin Umar (May Allah be pleased with him), “The Prophet ﷺ prohibited mating a male horse with another male horse.”
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عُمَرَ ؓ «أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ عَسْبِ الْفَحْلِ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ كَسْبِ الْبَغِيَّةِ وَحُلْوَانِ الْكَاهِنِ
[Machine] Narrated by Al-Qa'nabi, he said: "Layth bin Sa'd narrated to us from Ibn Shihab that Abu Bakr bin Abdul Rahman bin Al-Harith bin Hisham informed him that he heard Abu Mas'ood saying, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the price of a dog, the dowry of a prostitute, and the earnings of a fortune-teller.'"
حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرِ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ يَقُولُ «نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ ثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ وَمَهْرِ الْبَغِيِّ وَحُلْوَانِ الْكَاهِنِ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ مُطَالَبَةِ الْمَرْءِ إِمَاءَهُ بِالْكَسْبِ
[Machine] The translation of "أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ كَسْبِ الْإِمَاءِ" into English is "The Prophet (PBUH) forbade the enslavement of women."
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ كَسْبِ الْإِمَاءِ»
ذِكْرُ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا زُجِرَ عَنْ هَذَا الْفِعْلِ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade earnings of slave-girls. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3425)
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ كَسْبِ الْإِمَاءِ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَبْغِينَ»
34.1.10 Subsection
٣٤۔١۔١٠ ذِكْرُ إِبَاحَةِ إِعْطَاءِ الْحَجَّامِ أَجَرْتَهُ بِحَجْمِهِ
the Prophet ﷺ was treated with cupping and gave the cupper his wages. (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2164)
أَنَّ «النَّبِيَّ ﷺ احْتَجَمَ وَأَعْطَى الْحَجَّامَ أَجْرَهُ»
The Prophet ﷺ said: The earnings of a cupper are impure, the price paid for a dog is impure, and the hire paid to a prostitute is impure. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3421)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «كَسْبُ الْحَجَّامِ خَبِيثٌ وَثَمَنُ الْكَلْبِ خَبِيثٌ وَمَهْرُ الْبَغِيِّ خَبِيثٌ»
34.1.11 Subsection
٣٤۔١۔١١ ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنْ يَحْيَى بْنَ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ مِنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قَارِظٍ
The Prophet ﷺ said: The earnings of a cupper are impure, the price paid for a dog is impure, and the hire paid to a prostitute is impure. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3421)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «كَسْبُ الْحَجَّامِ خَبِيثٌ وَمَهْرُ الْبَغِيِّ خَبِيثٌ وَثَمَنُ الْكَلْبِ خَبِيثٌ»
[Machine] His father sought permission from the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ regarding the payment of Zakat on behalf of a person who performs cupping (Hijama), but the Prophet refused to grant him permission. He continued persisting until the Prophet finally said, "Feed him from your own food and provide him with your own clothing."
أَنَّ أَبَاهُ اسْتَأْذَنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي خَرَاجِ الْحَجَّامِ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَأْذَنَ لَهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بِهِ حَتَّى قَالَ «أَطْعِمْهُ رَقِيقَكَ وَأَعْلِفْهُ نَاضِحَكَ»