27. Book of Judgements and Decrees
٢٧۔ كِتَابُ الْقَضَاءِ
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَنْ وَصْفِ مُنَاقَشَةِ اللَّهِ فِي الْقِيَامَةِ الْحَاكِمَ الْعَادِلَ إِذَا كَانَ فِي الدُّنْيَا
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "The just judge will be called on the Day of Judgment and due to the intensity of the reckoning, he will wish that he had not judged between two people in his entire life."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «يُدْعَى بِالْقَاضِي الْعَادِلِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَيَلْقَى مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْحِسَابِ مَا يَتَمَنَّى أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَقْضِ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ فِي عُمْرِهِ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ دُخُولِ الْمَرْءِ فِي قَضَاءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِذَا عَلِمَ تَعَذُّرَ سُلُوكِ الْحَقِّ فِيهِ عَلَيْهِ
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allahﷺ saying, "Whoever seeks refuge in Allah has sought a strong refuge." He said, "Yes." He said, "Indeed, I seek refuge in Allah from being a judge." He asked, "What prevents you when your father used to judge?" He replied, "Because I heard the Messenger of Allahﷺ saying, 'Whoever is a judge and judges with ignorance, he is among the people of Hell, and whoever is a judge and judges with tyranny, he is among the people of Hell, and whoever is a judge and judges with knowledge and judges with justice, he will be given a double reward.'" So, I do not expect from him after this."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ عَاذَ بِاللَّهِ فَقَدْ عَاذَ مَعَاذًا» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَإِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ أَنْ أَكُونَ قَاضِيًا قَالَ وَمَا يَمْنَعُكَ وَقَدْ كَانَ أَبُوكَ يَقْضِي؟ قَالَ لِأَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ كَانَ قَاضِيًا فَقَضَى بِالْجَهْلِ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ وَمَنْ كَانَ قَاضِيًا فَقَضَى بِالْجَوْرِ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ وَمَنْ كَانَ قَاضِيًا عَالِمًا يَقْضِي بِحَقٍّ أَوْ بِعَدْلٍ سَأَلَ التَّفَلُّتَ كَفَافًا» فَمَا أَرْجُو مِنْهُ بَعْدَ ذَا
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَنِ السَّبَبِ الَّذِي مِنْ أَجَلِهِ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا {وَإِنْ حَكَمْتَ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْقِسْطِ}
"There were (the two tribes of) Quraizah and An-Nadir, and An-Nadir was nobler than Quraiaah. If a man of Quraizah Killed a man of An-Nadir, he would be killed in return, but if a man of An-Nadir killed a man of Quraizah, he would pay a Diyah of one hundred Wasqs of dates. When An-Nadir killed a man of Quraizah, and they said: 'Hand him over to us and we will kill him.' They said: 'Between us and you (as judge) is the Prophet.' So they came to him, then the following was revealed: "And if you judge, judge with justice between them."[3] Al-Qisl (justice) means a soul for a soul. Then the following was revealed: "Do they then seek the judgment of (the days of) Ignorance?"[4] (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4732)
كَانَتْ قُرَيْظَةُ وَالنَّضِيرُ وَكَانَتِ النَّضِيرُ أَشْرَفَ مِنْ قُرَيْظَةَ قَالَ وَكَانَ إِذَا قَتَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْظَةَ رَجُلًا مِنَ النَّضِيرِ قُتِلَ بِهِ وَإِذَا قَتَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ النَّضِيرِ رَجُلًا مِنْ قُرَيْظَةَ وَدَى مِائَةَ وَسْقٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَلَمَّا بُعِثَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَتَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ النَّضِيرِ رَجُلًا مِنْ قُرَيْظَةَ فَقَالُوا ادْفَعُوهُ إِلَيْنَا نَقْتُلُهُ فَقَالُوا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَأَتَوْهُ فَنَزَلَتْ {وَإِنْ حَكَمْتَ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْقِسْطِ} وَالْقِسْطُ النَّفْسُ بِالنَّفْسِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَتْ {أَفَحُكْمَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَبْغُونَ}
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ مِنْ مَعُونَةِ الضُّعَفَاءِ وَأَخْذِ مَالِهِمْ مِنَ الْأَقْوِيَاءِ
“When the emigrants who had crossed the sea came back to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he said: ‘Why don’t you tell me of the strange things that you saw in the land of Abyssinia?’ Some young men among them said: ‘Yes, O Messenger of Allah. While we were sitting, one of their elderly nuns came past, carrying a vessel of water on her head. She passed by some of their youth, one of whom placed his hand between her shoulders and pushed her. She fell on her knees and her vessel broke. When she stood up, she turned to him and said: “You will come to know, O traitor, that when Allah sets up the Footstool and gathers the first and the last, and hands and feet speak of what they used to earn, you will come to know your case and my case in His presence soon.’” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘She spoke the truth, she spoke the truth. How can Allah purify any people (of sin) when they do not support their weak from their strong?’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 4010)
لَمَّا رَجَعَتْ مُهَاجِرَةُ الْحَبَشَةِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «أَلَا تُحَدِّثُونِي بِأَعْجَبَ مَا رَأَيْتُمْ بِأَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ» قَالَ فِتْيَةٌ مِنْهُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بَيْنَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ مَرَّتْ عَلَيْنَا عَجُوزٌ مِنْ عَجَائِزِهِمْ تَحْمِلُ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا قُلَّةً مِنْ مَاءٍ فَمَرَّتْ بِفَتًى مِنْهُمْ فَجَعَلَ إِحْدَى يَدَيْهِ بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْهَا ثُمَّ دَفَعَهَا عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهَا فَانْكَسَرَتْ قُلَّتُهَا فَلَمَّا ارْتَفَعَتِ الْتَفَتَتْ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ سَتَعْلَمُ يَا غُدَرُ إِذَا وَضَعَ اللَّهُ الْكُرْسِيَّ وَجَمَعَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَالْآخِرِينَ وَتَكَلَّمَتِ الْأَيْدِي وَالْأَرْجُلُ بِمَا كَانَا يَكْسِبُونَ فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُ أَمْرِي وَأَمْرَكَ عِنْدَهُ غَدًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «صَدَقَتْ ثُمَّ صَدَقَتْ كَيْفَ يُقَدِّسُ اللَّهُ قَوْمًا لَا يُؤْخَذُ لِضَعِيفِهِمْ مِنْ شَدِيدِهِمْ»
ذِكْرُ الْأَمْرِ لِلْمَرْءِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ لِلضَّعِيفِ مِنَ الْقَوِيِّ إِذَا قَدَرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "How can a nation be honored if they do not protect their weak from their strong?"
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «كَيْفَ تُقَدَّسُ أُمَّةٌ لَا يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ شَدِيدِهِمْ لِضَعِيفِهِمْ؟ »
ذِكْرُ إِعْطَاءِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا الْحَاكِمَ الْمُجْتَهِدَ لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ ﷺ فِي حُكْمَهُ أَجْرَيْنِ إِذَا أَصَابَ فِيهِ
"The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: 'If a judge passes judgment and strives to reach the right conclusion and gets it right, he will have two rewards; if he strives to reach the right conclusion but gets it wrong, he will still have one reward." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 5381)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِذَا حَكَمَ الْحَاكِمُ فَاجْتَهَدَ فَأَصَابَ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ وَإِذَا حَكَمَ فَاجْتَهَدَ فَأَخْطَأَ فَلَهُ أَجْرٌ»
ذِكْرُ كَتَبَةِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا لِلْحَاكِمِ الْمُجْتَهِدِ فِي قَضَائِهِ أَجْرًا وَاحِدًا إِذَا أَخْطَأَ فِيهِ
When a judge gives a decision, having tried his best to decide correctly and is right, there are two rewards for him; and if he gave a judgment after having tried his best (to arrive at a correct decision) but erred, there is one reward for him. (Using translation from Muslim 1716a)
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا حَكَمَ الْحَاكِمُ فَاجْتَهَدَ فَأَصَابَ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ وَإِذَا حَكَمَ فَاجْتَهَدَ فَأَخْطَأَ فَلَهُ أَجْرٌ»
ذِكْرُ مَغْفِرَةِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا لِلْحَاكِمِ عَلَى حُكْمِهِ مَا دَامَ يَتَجَنَّبُ الْحَيْفَ وَالْمَيْلَ فِيهِ
“Allah is with the judge so long as he is not unjust, but if he rules unjustly, He entrusts him to himself.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2312)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْقَاضِي مَا لَمْ يَجُرْ» *
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يَحْكُمَ الْحَاكِمُ وَحَالَتُهُ غَيْرُ مُعْتَدِلَةٍ فِي الِاعْتِدَالِ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: A judge should not decide between the two while he is in anger. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3589)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا يَقْضِي الْقَاضِي بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ وَهُوَ غَضْبَانُ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يَحْكُمَ الْحَاكِمُ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عِنْدَ تَغَيُّرِ طَبْعِهِ عَنْ عَادَتِهِ الَّتِي اعْتَادَهَا
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: A judge should not decide between the two while he is in anger. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3589)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا يَقْضِي الْقَاضِي بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ وَهُوَ غَضْبَانُ»
ذِكْرُ أَدَبِ الْقَاضِي عِنْدَ إِمْضَائِهِ الْحُكْمَ بَيْنَ الْخَصْمَيْنِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me with a message. So, I said, "O Messenger of Allah, will you send me while I am a young boy? I don't know the rulings, and I don't know how to answer." He said, "It is necessary for me or for you to go." I said, "Even if it is necessary for me to go, then I will." He said, "Go, recite it to the people. Indeed, Allah the Exalted will make your tongue firm and guide your heart." Then he said, "Indeed, people will argue, so when both parties come to you, do not make a judgment for one until you hear the speech of the other. For it is more appropriate that you know who is right."
بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِرِسَالَةٍ* فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَبْعَثُنِي وَأَنَا غُلَامٌ حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ؟ فَأُسْأَلُ عَنِ الْقَضَاءِ وَلَا أَدْرِي مَا أُجِيبُ قَالَ «مَا بُدٌّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَنْ أَذْهَبَ بِهَا أَنَا أَوْ أَنْتَ» قَالَ فَقُلْتُ وَإِنْ كَانَ وَلَا بُدَّ أَذْهِبُ أَنَا فَقَالَ انْطَلِقْ فَاقْرَأْهَا عَلَى النَّاسِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُثَبِّتُ لِسَانَكَ وَيَهْدِي قَلْبَكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ «إِنَّ النَّاسَ سَيَتَقَاضُونَ فَإِذَا أَتَاكَ الْخَصْمَانِ فَلَا تَقْضِي لِوَاحِدٍ حَتَّى تَسْمَعَ كَلَامَ الْآخَرِ فَإِنَّهُ أَجْدَرُ أَنْ تَعْلَمَ لِمَنِ الْحَقُّ؟! » *
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الدَّالِّ عَلَى أَنَّ الْحَاكِمَ لَهُ أَنْ يُهَدِّدَ الْخَصْمَيْنِ بِمَا لَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُمْضِيَهُ إِذَا أَرَادَ اسْتِكْشَافَ وَاضِحٍ خَفِيَ عَلَيْهِ
[Machine] "Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said, 'Two women came to Prophet David, each of them claiming to be the mother of a child. Prophet David made a judgment in favor of the older woman. When they left, Prophet Solomon asked them about how Prophet David had resolved their dispute. They informed him and he said, "Bring me the knife." The first person I heard saying 'knife' was the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, as we used to call it 'al-Mudiyah'. The younger woman said, 'Give the child to her.' The older woman said, 'Split the child between us.' Solomon ruled in favor of the younger woman and said, 'If it was your son, you would not have agreed to have him split.'"
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ أَتَتَا دَاوُدَ وَكُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ تَخْتَصِمُ فِي ابْنِهَا فَقَضَى لِلْكُبْرَى فَلَمَّا خَرَجَتَا قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ كَيْفَ قَضَى بَيْنَكُمَا فَأَخْبَرَتَاهُ فَقَالَ ائْتُونِي بِالسِّكِّينِ وَأَوَّلُ مَنْ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ» السِّكِّينُ «رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّمَا كُنَّا نُسَمِّيهَا الْمُدْيَةَ فَقَالَتِ الصُّغْرَى مَهْ؟ قَالَ أَشُقُّهُ بَيْنَكُمَا قَالَتِ ادْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهَا وَقَالَتِ الْكُبْرَى شُقَّهُ بَيْنَنَا قَالَ فَقَضَاهُ سُلَيْمَانُ لِلصُّغْرَى وَقَالَ لَوْ كَانَ ابْنَكِ لَمْ تَرْضَيْ أَنْ نَشُقَّهُ
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ مَا يُحْكَمُ لِلْمُخْتَلِفِينَ فِي طُرُقِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عِنْدَ الْإِمْكَانِ
“When you dispute concerning a path, make it seven forearms length wide.' ” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2339)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِذَا اخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِي الطُّرُقِ فَدَعُوا سَبْعَةَ أَذْرُعٍ»
ذِكْرُ مَا يَحْكُمُ الْحَاكِمُ لِلْمُدَّعِيَيْنِ شَيْئًا مَعْلُومًا مَعَ إِثْبَاتِ الْبَيِّنَةِ لَهُمَا مَعًا عَلَى مَا يَدَّعِيَانِ
[Machine] "That two men claimed ownership of a camel, so each of them presented two witnesses. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then judged between them, dividing the camel into two halves."
«أَنَّ رَجُلَيْنِ ادَّعَيَا دَابَّةً فَأَقَامَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا شَاهِدَيْنِ فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَيْنِ»
ذِكْرُ مَا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ مِنَ الِانْقِيَادِ لِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ كَرِهَهُ فِي الظَّاهِرِ
"When this Ayah was revealed: And whether you disclose what is in yourselves or conceal it, Allah will call you to account for it (2:284). Somethings entered their hearts that had not entered before. So they mentioned that to the Prophet ﷺ and he said: 'Say: "We hear and we obey." So Allah put faith into their hearts and Allah Blessed and Most High revealed the Ayah: The Messenger believes in what has been sent down to him from his Lord, and (so do) the believers (and) Allah does not burden a soul beyond what it can bear, for it is what it has earned and against it is what it has wrought. "Our Lord! Punish us not if we forget or fall into error (2:286)." He said: 'I have done so (as requested).' Our Lord! Lay not upon us a burden like that which You did upon those before us. He said: ['I have done so (as requested).'] Our Lord! Put not a burden upon us greater than we have strength for. Pardon us and grant us forgiveness. Have mercy on us (2:286). He said: 'I have done so (as requested).'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2992)
لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {إِنْ تُبْدُوا مَا فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبْكُمْ بِهِ اللَّهُ} دَخَلَ قُلُوبَهُمْ مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ لَمْ يَدْخُلْهُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «قُولُوا سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا وَسَلَّمْنَا فَأَلْقَى اللَّهُ الْإِيمَانَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ» فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {آمَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ} الْآيَةَ وَقَالَ «رَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِنْ نَسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا» قَالَ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ «{رَبَّنَا وَلَا تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَا إِصْرًا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا} قَالَ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ الْمَرْءُ مَا حَكَمَ لَهُ الْحَاكِمُ بِالشُّهُودِ إِذَا عَلِمَ ضِدَّهُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ خَالِقِهِ فِيهِ
"I am only a human being, and you bring your disputes to me, some perhaps being more eloquent in their plea than others, so that I give judgement on their behalf according to what I hear from them. Therefore, whatever I decide for anyone which by right belongs to his brother, he must not take anything, for I am granting him only a portion of Hell. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3583)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ وَإِنَّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ إِلَيَّ وَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَكُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَلْحَنَ بِحُجَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَأَقْضِيَ لَهُ عَلَى نَحْوِ مَا أَسْمَعُ مِنْهُ فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ حَقِّ أَخِيهِ فَلَا يَأْخُذْ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا فَإِنَّمَا أَقْطَعُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ النَّارِ»
ذِكْرُ مَا يُحْكَمُ لِمَنْ لَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَّا شَاهِدٌ وَاحِدٌ عَلَى شَيْءٍ يَدَّعِيهِ
the Prophet ﷺ passed judgement on the basis of an oath (from the claimant) along with a (single) witness. (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2369)
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَضَى بِالْيَمِينِ مَعَ الشَّاهِدِ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ أَوْهَمَ غَيْرَ الْمُتَبَحِّرِ فِي صِنَاعَةِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهُ مُضَادٌّ لِخَبَرِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ
On the Authority of his father: A man from Hadramawt and a man of Kindah came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Al-Hadrami said: Messenger of Allah, this (man) took away forcibly from me the land which belongs to my father. Al-Kindi said: It is my land in my possession, and I cultivate it, he has no right to it. The Prophet ﷺ then said to al-Hadrami: Have you any proof ? He said: No. He then said: So for you is his oath. He said: Messenger of Allah, he is liar, he does not care for which he is taking the oath. He does not refrain himself from anything. The Prophet ﷺ said: You will have nothing from him except that. He went to take an oath for him. When he turned his back, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: If he takes an oath on the property to take it away by unfair means, he will meet Allah while He is unmindful of him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3245)
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ حَضْرَمَوْتَ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ الْحَضْرَمِيُّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ هَذَا قَدْ غَلَبَنِي عَلَى أَرْضٍ لِي كَانَتْ لِأَبِي فَقَالَ الْكِنْدِيُّ هِيَ أَرْضِي فِي يَدِي زَرَعْتُهَا لَيْسَ لَهُ فِيهَا حَقٌّ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِلْحَضْرَمِيِّ «أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ؟ » قَالَ لَا قَالَ «فَلَكَ يَمِينُهُ» قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ فَاجِرٌ لَا يُبَالِي عَلَى مَا حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ وَلَيْسَ يَتَوَرَّعُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ قَالَ «لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ» قَالَ فَانْطَلَقَ لِيَحْلِفَ لَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا أَدْبَرَ «أَمَا لَئِنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى مَالِهِ لِيَأْكُلَهُ ظُلْمًا لَيَلْقَيَنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَعَلَا وَهُوَ عَنْهُ مُعْرِضٌ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ نَفَى جَوَازَ اسْتِعْمَالِ الْقُرْعَةِ فِي الْأَحْكَامِ
[Machine] "That a man freed six of his slaves before his death, and he had no other wealth except them, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ banged his hand between them, freeing two of them and sending back four to slavery."
«أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ سِتَّةَ مَمْلُوكِينَ لَهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرَهُمْ فَأَقْرَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَعْتَقَ اثْنَيْنِ وَرَدَّ أَرْبَعَةً فِي الرِّقِّ»
27.1.17 Subsection
٢٧۔١۔١٧ ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَخْذِ الْمَرْءِ مَا حِكَمَ لَهُ الْحَاكِمُ إِذَا عَلِمَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ خَالِقِهِ ضِدَّهُ
The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: "You refer your disputes to me, but I am only human, and some of you may be more eloquent in arguing their case than others. If I pass judgment in favor of one of you, against his brother's rights, let him not take it, for it is a piece of fire that I am giving him." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 5401)
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ وَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَكُمْ يَكُونُ أَلْحَنَ بِحُجَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ مِنْ حَقِّ أَخِيهِ شَيْئًا فَإِنَّمَا أَقْطَعُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ النَّارِ»
"I am only a human being, and you bring your disputes to me, some perhaps being more eloquent in their plea than others, so that I give judgement on their behalf according to what I hear from them. Therefore, whatever I decide for anyone which by right belongs to his brother, he must not take anything, for I am granting him only a portion of Hell. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3583)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ إِلَيَّ وَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَكُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَلْحَنَ بِحُجَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ مِنْ حَقِّ أَخِيهِ شَيْئًا فَإِنَّمَا أَقْطَعُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ النَّارِ»
27.2 [Machine] Translation: "Bribery
٢٧۔٢ بَابُ الرِّشْوَةِ
ذِكْرُ لَعْنِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلَ الرِّشْوَةَ فِي أَحْكَامِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "May Allah curse the one who bribes and the one who takes a bribe in judgment."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الرَّاشِيَ وَالْمُرْتَشِيَ فِي الْحُكْمِ»
ذِكْرُ لَعْنِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ الْمُرْتَشِيَ فِي أَسْبَابِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَسْلَكُ تِلْكَ الْأَسْبَابِ تُؤَدِّي إِلَى الْحُكْمِ
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "May Allah curse the one who bribes and the one who takes bribes."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الرَّاشِيَ وَالْمُرْتَشِيَ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ اسْمَ الْغُلُولِ قَدْ يَقَعُ عَلَى الرِّشْوَةِ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ مِنَ الْفَيْءِ وَالْغَنِيمَةِ
The Prophet ﷺ said: O people, if any of you is put in an administrative post on our behalf and conceals from us a needle or more, he is acting unfaithfully, and will bring it on the Day of Resurrection. A black man from the Ansar, as if I am seeing him, stood and said: Messenger of Allah, take back from me my post. He asked: What is that? He replied: I heard you say such and such. He said: And I say that. If we appoint anyone to an office, he must bring what is connected with it, both little and much. What he is given, he may take, and he must refrain from what is kept away from him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3581)
عَنْ عَدِيٍّ الْكِنْدِيِّ ثُمَّ أَحَدِ بَنِي أَرْقَمَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَنْ عَمِلَ مِنْكُمْ لَنَا عَمَلًا فَكَتَمَنَا مِنْهُ مِخْيَطًا فَمَا فَوْقَهُ فَهُوَ غَالٌّ يَأْتِي بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ» فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ أَسْوَدُ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ أَرَاهُ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَالَ اقْبَلْ عَنِّي عَمَلَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ «وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ » قَالَ سَمِعْتُكَ تَقُولُ الَّذِي قُلْتَ قَالَ «وَأَنَا أَقُولُهُ الْآنَ مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى عَمَلٍ فَلْيَجِئْ بِقَلِيلِهِ وَكَثِيرِهِ فَمَا أُوتِيَ أَخَذَ وَمَا نُهِيَ عَنْهُ انْتَهَى»