[Machine] Isaac narrated that Abdur-Razzaq narrated from Ma'mar who narrated from Az-Zuhri who narrated from Abu Salamah who said: Ibn Abbas reported that a man came and said, "A man died, leaving behind his daughter, sister, father, and mother. He said, 'The daughter should receive half and the sister should receive nothing.'" The man said, "But Umar ruled otherwise and gave half to the daughter and half to the sister." Ibn Abbas said, "Do you know better than Allah?" I did not understand the reasoning behind this until I met Ibn Tawus and mentioned the narration of Az-Zuhri to him. He said, "My father informed me that he heard Ibn Abbas saying that Allah Almighty said, 'If a man dies leaving no child but has a sister, then she shall have half of what he left.' (Quran 4:176)" Ibn Abbas said, "Therefore, you should give her half even if he had children."  

ثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ أَنْبَأَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَنْبَأَ مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ قَالَ جَاءَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ تُوُفِّيَ وَتَرَكَ بِنْتَهُ وَأُخْتَهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ فَقَالَ «لِابْنَتِهِ النِّصْفُ وَلَيْسَ لِأُخْتِهِ شَيْءٌ» قَالَ الرَّجُلُ فَإِنَّ عُمَرَ قَضَى بِغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ جَعَلَ لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفَ وَلِلْأُخْتِ النِّصْفَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ «أَنْتُمْ أَعْلَمُ أَمِ اللَّهُ؟» فَلَمْ أَدْرِ مَا وَجْهُ هَذَا حَتَّى لَقِيتُ ابْنَ طَاوُسٍ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ حَدِيثَ الزُّهْرِيِّ فَقَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ قَالَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ} [النساء 176] قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ «فَقُلْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ لَهَا النِّصْفُ وَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ»  

[Machine] "For the daughter, it is half, and for the sister, there is nothing remaining, so it is for her tribe. A man said to him, 'Verily, Umar ibn Al-Khattab has ruled otherwise. He has given half to the daughter and half to the sister.' Ibn Abbas said, 'Are you more knowledgeable than Allah?' Ma'mar said, 'I did not know the reason for that until I met Ibn Tawus and mentioned to him the hadith of Az-Zuhri. He informed me that my father had told him that he heard Ibn Abbas saying that Allah the Blessed and Exalted said, "If a man dies, leaving neither child nor parent but has a sister, then she gets half of what he leaves."' Ibn Abbas said, 'You have said that half belongs to her even if he has a child.' The elder meant by the child here is the son, according to the evidence from the Prophet ﷺ, then those who came after him.'  

لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفُ وَلَيْسَ لِلْأُخْتِ شَيْءٌ مَا بَقِيَ فَهُوَ لِعَصَبَتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ فَإِنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ قَدْ قَضَى بِغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ جَعَلَ لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفَ وَلِلْأُخْتِ النِّصْفَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَنْتُمْ أَعْلَمُ أَمِ اللهُ؟ قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ فَلَمْ أَدْرِ مَا وَجْهُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى لَقِيتُ ابْنَ طَاوُسٍ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ حَدِيثَ الزُّهْرِيِّ فَقَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ قَالَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ} [النساء 176] قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَقُلْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ لَهَا نِصْفٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ الْمُرَادُ بِالْوَلَدِ هَا هُنَا الِابْنُ بِدَلِيلِ مَا مَضَى عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثُمَّ عَمَّنْ بَعْدَهُ  

"عَنْ أَبى سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبد الرَّحْمنِ قَالَ: جَاءَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ: رَجُل تُوُفِّىَ وَتَرَكَ بِنْتَهُ وَأُخْتَهُ لأبِيه وَأُمِّه، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاس: لابْنَتِهِ النِّصْفُ، وَلَيْسَ لأُخْتِهِ شَىْء، فَمَا بَقِىَ فَهُوَ لِعَصَبَتِهِ، فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: إِنَّ عُمَرَ قَضَى بغَيْر ذلِكَ، فَقَدْ جَعَلَ للأُخْت النِّصْفَ، ولِلبِنْتِ النِّصْفَ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاس: أَأَنْتُمْ أَعْلَمُ أَمِ الله؟ قَالَ طَاووسٌ: قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: قَالَ الله: {إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ} (*)، فَقُلتُمْ أنْتُمْ لَهَا النِّصْفُ وَإنْ كَانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ".