14. Book of Vows and Oaths
١٤۔ كِتَابُ النُّذُورِ وَالْأَيْمَانِ
[Machine] "To perform the Hajj and then die, and her brother came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked him about it, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, 'If she had any debts, would you have been her judge?' He said, 'Yes.' He said, 'Then fulfill the obligations on behalf of Allah, for Allah is more entitled to fulfill the obligations.'"
أَنْ تَحُجَّ فَمَاتَتْ فَجَاءَ أَخُوهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَوْ كَانَ عَلَيْهَا دَيْنٌ أكُنْتَ قَاضِيَهُ» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَاقْضُوا اللَّهَ فَاللَّهُ أَحَقُّ بِالْوَفَاءِ»
[Machine] I said, "O Messenger of Allah, indeed I made a vow in the time of ignorance, then Islam came." He said, "Fulfill your vow."
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ نَذْرًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ثُمَّ جَاءَ الْإِسْلَامُ قَالَ فِ بِنَذْرِكَ
14.2 [Machine] In the expiation of a vow
١٤۔٢ بَابٌ فِي كَفَّارَةِ النَّذْرِ
[Machine] "To perform Hajj for Allah on foot, without riding an animal that has been prepared. So, I mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he said, 'Go, sister, and prepare (the animal) and ride it, and observe fasting for three days.'"
أَنْ تَحُجَّ لِلَّهِ مَاشِيَةً غَيْرَ مُخْتَمِرَةٍ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «مُرْ أُخْتَكَ فَلْتَخْتَمِرْ وَلْتَرْكَبْ وَلْتَصُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ»
[Machine] The translation of the phrase "رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَغَنِيٌّ عَنْ نَذْرِ أُخْتِكَ لِتَرْكَبْ وَلْتُهْدِ هَدْيًا»" into English is: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Verily, Allah is self-sufficient and has no need for your sister's vow in order to ride or offer a sacrificial animal.'"
رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَغَنِيٌّ عَنْ نَذْرِ أُخْتِكَ لِتَرْكَبْ وَلْتُهْدِ هَدْيًا»
"The Prophet ﷺ saw an old man walking between his two sons, and he said: What is the matter with him?' His sons said: 'A vow, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'Let this old man ride, for Allah has no need of you or your vow."' (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2135)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَدْرَكَ شَيْخًا يَمْشِي بَيْنَ ابْنَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُ هَذَا الشَّيْخِ؟ فَقَالَ ابْنَاهُ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَمْشِيَ فَقَالَ «ارْكَبْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ عَنْكَ وَعَنْ نَذْرِكَ»
14.3 [Machine] No commitment in disobeying Allah.
١٤۔٣ بَابُ لَا نَذْرَ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ
The Messenger of Allah said: "There is no vow to commit an act of disobedience or with regard to that which the son of Adam does not possess." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3851)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا وَفَاءَ لِنَذْرٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ وَلَا فِيمَا لَا يَمْلِكُ ابْنُ آدَمَ»
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: If anyone vows to obey Allah, let him obey Him, but if anyone vows to disobey Him, let him not disobey Him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3289)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَطِيعَ اللَّهَ فَلْيُطِعْهُ وَمَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَعْصِيَ اللَّهَ فَلَا يَعْصِهِ»
14.4 [Machine] Whoever vows to pray in the Al-Masjid al-Haram, is it permissible for them to pray in Mecca?
١٤۔٤ بَابُ مَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ أَيُجْزِئُهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِمَكَّةَ
[Machine] "O Messenger of Allah, I have made a vow that if Allah grants you victory, I will pray in Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa (the Holy Mosque). He said, 'Pray here.' So, I repeated it to him three times. Then, the Prophet ﷺ said, 'So what is your intention then?'"
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ إِنْ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَقَالَ صَلِّ هَا هُنَا فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَشَأْنُكَ إِذَنْ
14.5 [Machine] Prohibition of Vows
١٤۔٥ بَابُ النَّهْيِ عَنِ النَّذْرِ
"The Messenger of Allah forbade vows and said: 'They do not change anything; they are just a means of taking wealth from the miserly.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3802)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ «إِنَّ النَّذْرَ لَا يَرُدُّ شَيْئًا وَإِنَّمَا يُسْتَخْرَجُ بِهِ مِنَ الْبَخِيلِ الشَّحِيحِ»
14.6 [Machine] The Prohibition of Swearing by Other than Allah
١٤۔٦ بَابُ النَّهْيِ عَنْ أَنْ يُحْلَفَ بِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ
Messenger of Allah ﷺ met ʿUmar bin Al-Khattab while the latter was going with a group of camel-riders, and he was swearing by his father. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Lo! Allah forbids you to swear by your fathers, so whoever has to take an oath, he should swear by Allah or keep quiet." (Using translation from Bukhārī 6646)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَدْرَكَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ وَهُوَ يَسِيرُ فِي رَكْبٍ وَهُوَ يَحْلِفُ بِأَبِيهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَنْهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ فَمَنْ كَانَ حَالِفًا فَلْيَحْلِفْ بِاللَّهِ أَوْ لِيَصْمُتْ»
14.7 [Machine] In the exception with the right
١٤۔٧ بَابٌ فِي الِاسْتِثْنَاءِ بِالْيَمِينِ
The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone says when swearing an oath: "If Allah wills," he makes an exception. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3261)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَقَدِ اسْتَثْنَى
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever takes an oath by a right hand and then says, 'If Allah wills,' then he is choosing the best way. And if He wills otherwise, then he will not do it."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ فَعَلَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ
14.8 [Machine] The Right Division
١٤۔٨ بَابُ الْقَسَمُ يَمِينٌ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said to Abu Bakr, "Do not swear an oath." Abu Muhammad replied, "The hadith is lengthy."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ «لَا تُقْسِمْ» قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد «الْحَدِيثُ فِيهِ طُولٌ»
14.9 [Machine] Whoever swears an oath on something and then sees something else better than it
١٤۔٩ بَابُ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا
"Whoever swears an oath, then sees something better than it, let him do that which is better." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3781)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَلْيَأْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ وَلْيُكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ»
The Prophet ﷺ said, "O ʿAbdur-Rahman bin Samura! Do not seek to be a ruler, because if you are given authority for it, then you will be held responsible for it, but if you are given it without asking for it, then you will be helped in it (by Allah): and whenever you take an oath to do something and later you find that something else is better than the first, then do the better one and make expiation for your oath." (Using translation from Bukhārī 6622)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ سَمُرَةَ «لَا تَسْأَلِ الْإِمَارَةَ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ أُعْطِيتَهَا عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ وُكِلْتَ إِلَيْهَا وَإِنْ أُعْطِيتَهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ أُعِنْتَ عَلَيْهَا فَإِذَا حَلَفْتَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَيْتَ غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ وَأْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ»
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: He then mentioned the rest of the tradition to the same effect as mentioned by Sufyan. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4540)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ الْحَدِيثِ
14.10 [Machine] If a man has a trusting neck
١٤۔١٠ بَابُ إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ رَقَبَةٌ مُؤْمِنَةٌ
[Machine] I came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "Indeed, my mother has a slave girl, and I have an Abyssinian slave girl. Should I set her free?" He said, "Bring her to me." Then he asked, "Do you bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah?" She replied, "Yes." He said, "Set her free, for she is a believer."
أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ عَلَى أُمِّي رَقَبَةً وَإِنَّ عِنْدِي جَارِيَةً سَوْدَاءَ نُوبِيَّةً أَفَتُجْزِئُ عَنْهَا قَالَ «ادْعُ بِهَا» فَقَالَ أَتَشْهَدِينَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ «أَعْتِقْهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُؤْمِنَةٌ»
14.11 [Machine] The man swears on something while pointing to his right.
١٤۔١١ بَابُ الرَّجُلِ يَحْلِفُ عَلَى الشَّيْءِ وَهُوَ يُوَرِّي عَلَى يَمِينِهِ
"Your oath is as your companion understands it to be." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2121)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَمِينُكَ عَلَى مَا يَصْدُّ قَكَ بِهِ صَاحِبُكَ»
14.12 [Machine] By which names of Allah did you swear to adhere?
١٤۔١٢ بَابُ بِأَيِّ أَسْمَاءِ اللَّهِ حَلَفْتَ لَزِمَكَ
"The oath by which the Messenger of Allah used to swear was: 'No, by the Controller of the hearts.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3761)
كَانَتْ يَمِينُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الَّتِي يَحْلِفُ بِهَا «لَا وَمُقَلِّبِ الْقُلُوبِ»