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Qurʾān Bukhārī Muslim Nasāʾī Abū Dāwūd Tirmidhī Ibn Mājah Mālik Aḥmad Dārimī Ḥākim Ibn Ḥibbān Ṭabarānī Nasāʾī's Kubrá Bayhaqī al-Luʾluʾ wa-al-Marjān Ibn Rajab's Fifty Riyāḍ al-Ṣāliḥīn Aḥmad's Zuhd Suyūṭī
bukhari:6204 – Khālid b. Makhlad > Sulaymān > Abū Ḥāzim > Sahl b. Saʿd > In

The most beloved names to ʿAli was Abu Turab, and he used to be pleased when we called him by it, for none named him Abu Turab (for the first time), but the Prophet. Once ʿAli got angry with (his wife) Fatima, and went out (of his house) and slept near a wall in the mosque. The Prophet ﷺ came searching for him, and someone said, "He is there, Lying near the wall." The Prophet ﷺ came to him while his (ʿAli's) back was covered with dust. The Prophet ﷺ started removing the dust from his back, saying, "Get up, O Abu Turab!"  

البخاري:٦٢٠٤ – حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو حَازِمٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ قَالَ

إِنْ كَانَتْ أَحَبَّ أَسْمَاءِ عَلِيٍّ ؓ إِلَيْهِ لأَبُو تُرَابٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ لَيَفْرَحُ أَنْ يُدْعَى بِهَا وَمَا سَمَّاهُ أَبُو تُرَابٍ إِلاَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ غَاضَبَ يَوْمًا فَاطِمَةَ فَخَرَجَ فَاضْطَجَعَ إِلَى الْجِدَارِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَجَاءَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَتْبَعُهُ فَقَالَ هُوَ ذَا مُضْطَجِعٌ فِي الْجِدَارِ فَجَاءَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَامْتَلأَ ظَهْرُهُ تُرَابًا فَجَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَمْسَحُ التُّرَابَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ يَقُولُ اجْلِسْ يَا أَبَا تُرَابٍ  

See similar narrations below:

Collected by Ṭabarānī
tabarani:5808 – al-Ḥusayn b. Isḥāq al-Tustarī > Yaḥyá al-Ḥimmānī > Sulaymān b. Bilāl > Abū Ḥāzim > Sahl b. Saʿd > Samiʿtuh > In

[Machine] I heard him say, "If the most beloved names to Ali are Abu Turab, then he is happy to be called by it, and he was not given the name Abu Turab except by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he was angry with him one day." So he left and leaned against the wall, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came looking for him but did not find him in the house. He asked Fatimah, "Where is your cousin?" She said, "He went out angry." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered someone to look for him. The person said, "He is lying against the wall, with his garment removed from his back and covered in dust." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wiped the dust off his back and said, "Sit, O Abu Turab."  

الطبراني:٥٨٠٨ – حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ التُّسْتَرِيُّ ثنا يَحْيَى الْحِمَّانِيُّ ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلَالٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ قَالَ

سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنْ كَانَتْ لَأَحَبَّ أَسْمَاءِ عَلِيٍّ ؓ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو تُرَابٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ لَيَفْرَحُ أَنْ يُدْعُوهُ بِهَا وَمَا سَمَّاهُ أَبَا تُرَابٍ إِلَّا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ غَاضَبَ يَوْمًا فَاطِمَةَ ؓا فَخَرَجَ فَاضْطَجَعَ إِلَى الْجِدَارِ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَطْلُبُهُ فَلَمْ يَجِدْهُ فِي الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ لِفَاطِمَةَ «أَيْنَ ابْنُ عَمِّكِ؟» قَالَتْ خَرَجَ آنِفًا مُغْضَبًا فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنْسَانًا مَعَهُ يَطْلُبُهُ فَقَالَ مُضْطَجِعٌ فِي الْجِدَارِ وَقَدْ زَالَ رِدَاؤُهُ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ وَامْتَلَأَ تُرَابًا فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَمْسَحُ التُّرَابَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ وَيَقُولُ «اجْلِسْ يَا أَبَا تُرَابٍ»