(the wife of the Prophet) Messenger of Allah ﷺ died while Abu Bakr was at a place called As-Sunah (Al-'Aliya) 'Umar stood up and said, "By Allah! Messenger of Allah ﷺ is not dead!" 'Umar (later on) said, "By Allah! Nothing occurred to my mind except that." He said, "Verily! Allah will resurrect him and he will cut the hands and legs of some men." Then Abu Bakr came and uncovered the face of Messenger of Allah ﷺ, kissed him and said, "Let my mother and father be sacrificed for you, (O Messenger of Allah ﷺ), you are good in life and in death. By Allah in Whose Hands my life is, Allah will never make you taste death twice." Then he went out and said, "O oath-taker! Don't be hasty." When Abu Bakr spoke, 'Umar sat down. Abu Bakr praised and glorified Allah and said, No doubt! Whoever worshipped Muhammad, then Muhammad is dead, but whoever worshipped Allah, then Allah is Alive and shall never die." Then he recited Allah's Statement.:-- "(O Muhammad) Verily you will die, and they also will die." (39.30) He also recited:-- "Muhammad is no more than an Apostle; and indeed many Apostles have passed away, before him, If he dies Or is killed, will you then Turn back on your heels? And he who turns back On his heels, not the least Harm will he do to Allah And Allah will give reward to those Who are grateful." (3.144) The people wept loudly, and the Ansar were assembled with Sad bin 'Ubada in the shed of Bani Saida. They said (to the emigrants). "There should be one 'Amir from us and one from you." Then Abu Bakr, Umar bin Al-Khattab and Abu 'baida bin Al-Jarrah went to them. 'Umar wanted to speak but Abu Bakr stopped him. 'Umar later on used to say, "By Allah, I intended only to say something that appealed to me and I was afraid that Abu Bakr would not speak so well. Then Abu Bakr spoke and his speech was very eloquent. He said in his statement, "We are the rulers and you (Ansars) are the ministers (i.e. advisers)," Hubab bin Al-Mundhir said, "No, by Allah we won't accept this. But there must be a ruler from us and a ruler from you." Abu Bakr said, "No, we will be the rulers and you will be the ministers, for they (i.e. Quarish) are the best family amongst the 'Arabs and of best origin. So you should elect either 'Umar or Abu 'Ubaida bin Al-Jarrah as your ruler." 'Umar said (to Abu Bakr), "No but we elect you, for you are our chief and the best amongst us and the most beloved of all of us to Messenger of Allah ﷺ." So 'Umar took Abu Bakr's hand and gave the pledge of allegiance and the people too gave the pledge of allegiance to Abu Bakr. Someone said, "You have killed Sad bin Ubada." 'Umar said, "Allah has killed him."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَاتَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ بِالسُّنْحِ قَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَعْنِي بِالْعَالِيَةِ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ يَقُولُ وَاللَّهِ مَا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَتْ وَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَاللَّهِ مَا كَانَ يَقَعُ فِي نَفْسِي إِلاَّ ذَاكَ وَلَيَبْعَثَنَّهُ اللَّهُ فَلَيَقْطَعَنَّ أَيْدِيَ رِجَالٍ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَكَشَفَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَبَّلَهُ قَالَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي طِبْتَ حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لاَ يُذِيقُكَ اللَّهُ الْمَوْتَتَيْنِ أَبَدًا ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا الْحَالِفُ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ فَلَمَّا تَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ جَلَسَ عُمَرُ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ أَلاَ مَنْ كَانَ يَعْبُدُ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ فَإِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ مَاتَ وَمَنْ كَانَ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ حَىٌّ لاَ يَمُوتُ وَقَالَ {إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَإِنَّهُمْ مَيِّتُونَ} وَقَالَ {وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاَّ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَفَإِنْ مَاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ وَمَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَضُرَّ اللَّهَ شَيْئًا وَسَيَجْزِي اللَّهُ الشَّاكِرِينَ} قَالَ فَنَشَجَ النَّاسُ يَبْكُونَ قَالَ وَاجْتَمَعَتِ الأَنْصَارُ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَقَالُوا مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ فَذَهَبَ عُمَرُ يَتَكَلَّمُ فَأَسْكَتَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ يَقُولُ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَرَدْتُ بِذَلِكَ إِلاَّ أَنِّي قَدْ هَيَّأْتُ كَلاَمًا قَدْ أَعْجَبَنِي خَشِيتُ أَنْ لاَ يَبْلُغَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ تَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَتَكَلَّمَ أَبْلَغَ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ فِي كَلاَمِهِ نَحْنُ الأُمَرَاءُ وَأَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ فَقَالَ حُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ لاَ وَاللَّهِ لاَ نَفْعَلُ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لاَ وَلَكِنَّا الأُمَرَاءُ وَأَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ هُمْ أَوْسَطُ الْعَرَبِ دَارًا وَأَعْرَبُهُمْ أَحْسَابًا فَبَايِعُوا عُمَرَ أَوْ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بَلْ نُبَايِعُكَ أَنْتَ فَأَنْتَ سَيِّدُنَا وَخَيْرُنَا وَأَحَبُّنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخَذَ عُمَرُ بِيَدِهِ فَبَايَعَهُ وَبَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ قَتَلْتُمْ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ قَتَلَهُ اللَّهُ

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Who is willing to kill Kaʿb bin Al-Ashraf who has hurt Allah and His Apostle?" Thereupon Muhammad bin Maslama got up saying, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Would you like that I kill him?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Yes," Muhammad bin Maslama said, "Then allow me to say a (false) thing (i.e. to deceive Kaʿb). "The Prophet ﷺ said, "You may say it." Then Muhammad bin Maslama went to Kaʿb and said, "That man (i.e. Muhammad demands Sadaqa (i.e. Zakat) from us, and he has troubled us, and I have come to borrow something from you." On that, Kaʿb said, "By Allah, you will get tired of him!" Muhammad bin Maslama said, "Now as we have followed him, we do not want to leave him unless and until we see how his end is going to be. Now we want you to lend us a camel load or two of food." (Some difference between narrators about a camel load or two.) Kaʿb said, "Yes, (I will lend you), but you should mortgage something to me." Muhammad bin Mas-lama and his companion said, "What do you want?" Kaʿb replied, "Mortgage your women to me." They said, "How can we mortgage our women to you and you are the most handsome of the 'Arabs?" Kaʿb said, "Then mortgage your sons to me." They said, "How can we mortgage our sons to you? Later they would be abused by the people's saying that so-and-so has been mortgaged for a camel load of food. That would cause us great disgrace, but we will mortgage our arms to you." Muhammad bin Maslama and his companion promised Kaʿb that Muhammad would return to him. He came to Kaʿb at night along with Kaʿb's foster brother, Abu Na'ila. Kaʿb invited them to come into his fort, and then he went down to them. His wife asked him, "Where are you going at this time?" Kaʿb replied, "None but Muhammad bin Maslama and my (foster) brother Abu Na'ila have come." His wife said, "I hear a voice as if dropping blood is from him, Kaʿb said. "They are none but my brother Muhammad bin Maslama and my foster brother Abu Naila. A generous man should respond to a call at night even if invited to be killed." Muhammad bin Maslama went with two men. (Some narrators mention the men as 'Abu bin Jabr. Al Harith bin Aus and ʿAbbad bin Bishr). So Muhammad bin Maslama went in together with two men, and sail to them, "When Kaʿb comes, I will touch his hair and smell it, and when you see that I have got hold of his head, strip him. I will let you smell his head." Kaʿb bin Al-Ashraf came down to them wrapped in his clothes, and diffusing perfume. Muhammad bin Maslama said. " have never smelt a better scent than this. Kaʿb replied. "I have got the best 'Arab women who know how to use the high class of perfume." Muhammad bin Maslama requested Kaʿb "Will you allow me to smell your head?" Kaʿb said, "Yes." Muhammad smelt it and made his companions smell it as well. Then he requested Kaʿb again, "Will you let me (smell your head)?" Kaʿb said, "Yes." When Muhammad got a strong hold of him, he said (to his companions), "Get at him!" So they killed him and went to the Prophet ﷺ and informed him. (Abu Rafiʿ) was killed after Kaʿb bin Al-Ashraf."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ لِكَعْبِ بْنِ الأَشْرَفِ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ آذَى اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَامَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَتُحِبُّ أَنْ أَقْتُلَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأْذَنْ لِي أَنْ أَقُولَ شَيْئًا قَالَ قُلْ فَأَتَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ قَدْ سَأَلَنَا صَدَقَةً وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ عَنَّانَا وَإِنِّي قَدْ أَتَيْتُكَ أَسْتَسْلِفُكَ قَالَ وَأَيْضًا وَاللَّهِ لَتَمَلُّنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّا قَدِ اتَّبَعْنَاهُ فَلاَ نُحِبُّ أَنْ نَدَعَهُ حَتَّى نَنْظُرَ إِلَى أَىِّ شَىْءٍ يَصِيرُ شَأْنُهُ وَقَدْ أَرَدْنَا أَنْ تُسْلِفَنَا وَسْقًا أَوْ وَسْقَيْنِ وَحَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ وَسْقًا أَوْ وَسْقَيْنِ أَوْ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فِيهِ وَسْقًا أَوْ وَسْقَيْنِ فَقَالَ أُرَى فِيهِ وَسْقًا أَوْ وَسْقَيْنِ فَقَالَ نَعَمِ ارْهَنُونِي قَالُوا أَىَّ شَىْءٍ تُرِيدُ قَالَ فَارْهَنُونِي نِسَاءَكُمْ قَالُوا كَيْفَ نَرْهَنُكَ نِسَاءَنَا وَأَنْتَ أَجْمَلُ الْعَرَبِ قَالَ فَارْهَنُونِي أَبْنَاءَكُمْ قَالُوا كَيْفَ نَرْهَنُكَ أَبْنَاءَنَا فَيُسَبُّ أَحَدُهُمْ فَيُقَالُ رُهِنَ بِوَسْقٍ أَوْ وَسْقَيْنِ هَذَا عَارٌ عَلَيْنَا وَلَكِنَّا نَرْهَنُكَ اللأْمَةَ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ يَعْنِي السِّلاَحَ فَوَاعَدَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ فَجَاءَهُ لَيْلاً وَمَعَهُ أَبُو نَائِلَةَ وَهْوَ أَخُو كَعْبٍ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ فَدَعَاهُمْ إِلَى الْحِصْنِ فَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ أَيْنَ تَخْرُجُ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ وَأَخِي أَبُو نَائِلَةَ وَقَالَ غَيْرُ عَمْرٍو قَالَتْ أَسْمَعُ صَوْتًا كَأَنَّهُ يَقْطُرُ مِنْهُ الدَّمُ قَالَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ أَخِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ وَرَضِيعِي أَبُو نَائِلَةَ إِنَّ الْكَرِيمَ لَوْ دُعِيَ إِلَى طَعْنَةٍ بِلَيْلٍ لأَجَابَ قَالَ وَيُدْخِلُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ مَعَهُ رَجُلَيْنِ قِيلَ لِسُفْيَانَ سَمَّاهُمْ عَمْرٌو قَالَ سَمَّى بَعْضَهُمْ قَالَ عَمْرٌو جَاءَ مَعَهُ بِرَجُلَيْنِ وَقَالَ غَيْرُ عَمْرٍو أَبُو عَبْسِ بْنُ جَبْرٍ وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَوْسٍ وَعَبَّادُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ قَالَ عَمْرٌو وَجَاءَ مَعَهُ بِرَجُلَيْنِ فَقَالَ إِذَا مَا جَاءَ فَإِنِّي قَائِلٌ بِشَعَرِهِ فَأَشَمُّهُ فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُونِي اسْتَمْكَنْتُ مِنْ رَأْسِهِ فَدُونَكُمْ فَاضْرِبُوهُ وَقَالَ مَرَّةً ثُمَّ أُشِمُّكُمْ فَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ مُتَوَشِّحًا وَهْوَ يَنْفَحُ مِنْهُ رِيحُ الطِّيبِ فَقَالَ مَا رَأَيْتُ كَالْيَوْمِ رِيحًا أَىْ أَطْيَبَ وَقَالَ غَيْرُ عَمْرٍو قَالَ عِنْدِي أَعْطَرُ نِسَاءِ الْعَرَبِ وَأَكْمَلُ الْعَرَبِ قَالَ عَمْرٌو فَقَالَ أَتَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ أَشَمَّ رَأْسَكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَشَمَّهُ ثُمَّ أَشَمَّ أَصْحَابَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَتَأْذَنُ لِي قَالَ نَعَمْ فَلَمَّا اسْتَمْكَنَ مِنْهُ قَالَ دُونَكُمْ فَقَتَلُوهُ ثُمَّ أَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ

Messenger of Allah ﷺ rode a donkey, equipped with a thick cloth-covering made in Fadak and was riding behind him. He was going to pay visit to Saʿd bin Ubada in Banu Al-Harith bin Al-Khazraj; and this incident happened before the battle of Badr. The Prophet ﷺ passed by a gathering in which ʿAbdullah bin Ubai bin Salul was present, and that was before ʿAbdullah bin Ubai embraced Islam. Behold in that gathering there were people of different religions: there were Muslims, pagans, idol-worshippers and Jews, and in that gathering ʿAbdullah bin Rawaha was also present. When a cloud of dust raised by the donkey reached that gathering, ʿAbdullah bin Ubai covered his nose with his garment and then said, "Do not cover us with dust." Then Messenger of Allah ﷺ greeted them and stopped and dismounted and invited them to Allah (i.e. to embrace Islam) and recited to them the Holy Qur'an. On that, ʿAbdullah bin Ubai bin Saluil said, "O man ! There is nothing better than that what you say. If it is the truth, then do not trouble us with it in our gatherings. Return to your mount (or residence) and if somebody comes to you, relate (your tales) to him." On that ʿAbdullah bin Rawaha said, "Yes, O Allah's Apostle! Bring it (i.e. what you want to say) to us in our gathering, for we love that." So the Muslims, the pagans and the Jews started abusing one another till they were on the point of fighting with one another. The Prophet ﷺ kept on quietening them till they became quiet, whereupon the Prophet rode his animal (mount) and proceeded till he entered upon Saʿd bin Ubada. The Prophet ﷺ said to Saʿd, "Did you not hear what 'Abu Hub-b said?" He meant ʿAbdullah bin Ubai. "He said so-andso." On that Saʿd bin Ubada said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Excuse and forgive him, for by Him Who revealed the Book to you, Allah brought the Truth which was sent to you at the time when the people of this town (i.e. Medina) had decided unanimously to crown him and tie a turban on his head (electing him as chief). But when Allah opposed that (decision) through the Truth which Allah gave to you, he (i.e. ʿAbdullah bin Ubai) was grieved with jealously. and that caused him to do what you have seen." So Messenger of Allah ﷺ excused him, for the Prophet ﷺ and his companions used to forgive the pagans and the people of Scripture as Allah had ordered them, and they used to put up with their mischief with patience. Allah said: "And you shall certainly hear much that will grieve you from those who received the Scripture before you and from the pagans........'(3.186) And Allah also said:--"Many of the people of the Scripture wish if they could turn you away as disbelievers after you have believed, from selfish envy.." (2.109) So the Prophet ﷺ used to stick to the principle of forgiveness for them as long as Allah ordered him to do so till Allah permitted fighting them. So when Messenger of Allah ﷺ fought the battle of Badr and Allah killed the nobles of Quraish infidels through him, Ibn Ubai bin Salul and the pagans and idolaters who were with him, said, "This matter (i.e. Islam) has appeared (i.e. became victorious)." So they gave the pledge of allegiance (for embracing Islam) to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and became Muslims.

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَكِبَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ عَلَى قَطِيفَةٍ فَدَكِيَّةٍ وَأَرْدَفَ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ وَرَاءَهُ يَعُودُ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ فِي بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ قَبْلَ وَقْعَةِ بَدْرٍ قَالَ حَتَّى مَرَّ بِمَجْلِسٍ فِيهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَىٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسْلِمَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَىٍّ فَإِذَا فِي الْمَجْلِسِ أَخْلاَطٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ عَبَدَةِ الأَوْثَانِ وَالْيَهُودِ وَالْمُسْلِمِينَ وَفِي الْمَجْلِسِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فَلَمَّا غَشِيَتِ الْمَجْلِسَ عَجَاجَةُ الدَّابَّةِ خَمَّرَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَىٍّ أَنْفَهُ بِرِدَائِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لاَ تُغَبِّرُوا عَلَيْنَا فَسَلَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ وَقَفَ فَنَزَلَ فَدَعَاهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقُرْآنَ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَىٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ أَيُّهَا الْمَرْءُ إِنَّهُ لاَ أَحْسَنَ مِمَّا تَقُولُ إِنْ كَانَ حَقًّا فَلاَ تُؤْذِينَا بِهِ فِي مَجْلِسِنَا ارْجِعْ إِلَى رَحْلِكَ فَمَنْ جَاءَكَ فَاقْصُصْ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَاغْشَنَا بِهِ فِي مَجَالِسِنَا فَإِنَّا نُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ فَاسْتَبَّ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ وَالْيَهُودُ حَتَّى كَادُوا يَتَثَاوَرُونَ فَلَمْ يَزَلِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُخَفِّضُهُمْ حَتَّى سَكَنُوا ثُمَّ رَكِبَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ دَابَّتَهُ فَسَارَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَا سَعْدُ أَلَمْ تَسْمَعْ مَا قَالَ أَبُو حُبَابٍ يُرِيدُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُبَىٍّ قَالَ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ اعْفُ عَنْهُ وَاصْفَحْ عَنْهُ فَوَالَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ لَقَدْ جَاءَ اللَّهُ بِالْحَقِّ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ لَقَدِ اصْطَلَحَ أَهْلُ هَذِهِ الْبُحَيْرَةِ عَلَى أَنْ يُتَوِّجُوهُ فَيُعَصِّبُونَهُ بِالْعِصَابَةِ فَلَمَّا أَبَى اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ بِالْحَقِّ الَّذِي أَعْطَاكَ اللَّهُ شَرِقَ بِذَلِكَ فَذَلِكَ فَعَلَ بِهِ ما رَأَيْتَ فَعَفَا عَنْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ يَعْفُونَ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ كَمَا أَمَرَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَيَصْبِرُونَ عَلَى الأَذَى قَالَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {وَلَتَسْمَعُنَّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ وَمِنَ الَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا أَذًى كَثِيرًا } الآيَةَ وَقَالَ اللَّهُ {وَدَّ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ لَوْ يَرُدُّونَكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ إِيمَانِكُمْ كُفَّارًا حَسَدًا مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِهِمْ} إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَتَأَوَّلُ الْعَفْوَ مَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ حَتَّى أَذِنَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ فَلَمَّا غَزَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَدْرًا فَقَتَلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ صَنَادِيدَ كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ قَالَ ابْنُ أُبَىٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَعَبَدَةِ الأَوْثَانِ هَذَا أَمْرٌ قَدْ تَوَجَّهَ فَبَايَعُوا الرَّسُولَ ﷺ عَلَى الإِسْلاَمِ فَأَسْلَمُوا

[AI] That Ka'b bin Al-Ashraf, the Jewish poet, used to insult the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions and incite the polytheists of Quraysh against them in his poetry. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to Medina, there were Muslims among them who were united by the call of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and among them were the polytheists who worshiped idols, as well as Jews and members of the Halqah and Hushun tribes who were allies of the Banu Aus and Khazraj. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wanted to reconcile with them and establish good relations with them. There were men who were Muslims while their fathers were polytheists, and men who were Muslims while their brothers were polytheists. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to Medina, the polytheists and Jews of the city would haraass the Prophet ﷺ and his companions the most. Allah commanded His Prophet ﷺ and the Muslims to bear patience and forgive them. In them, Allah the Most High revealed: "[There are] indeed many among them who harass the Prophet and say, 'He is a one who listens [to every word].' [But] the people of faith who were given the Scripture(s) before your time did the same; and the polytheists as well. If you were to yield to their desires, after the knowledge that has come to you, you would be a transgressor. And there are among the People of the Book those who would indeed wish to bring you back to infidelity after faith. [But] out of their selfish envy, even after the truth has become clear to them. So, forgive and overlook until Allah brings about His command. Indeed, Allah has power over all things." When Ka'b bin Al-Ashraf refused to stop his harm towards the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the Muslims, the Prophet ﷺ ordered Sa'd bin Mu'adh, Muhammad bin Maslamah Al-Ansari, and Harith bin Aws bin Thabit Al-Ansari, as well as Abu 'Isa bin Habrah Al-Ansari and Harith bin Sa'd bin Mu'adh, to assassinate him. They went to him one evening in his assembly at Al-Awali and when Ka'b bin Al-Ashraf saw them, he sensed their intentions and asked them, "What brought you here?" They replied, "We came to discuss a matter with you." He said, "Then let one of you come closer to me and inform me about it." So, one of them approached him and said, "We came to negotiate selling you some armor, the proceeds of which we will use for charity." He said, "By Allah, if you do that, you would have exhausted yourselves. Since this man came to you, he has been challenging you to come to him for dinner when people have gone and it is a good opportunity. So, they went to him and one of them called out to him. When he stood up to go to them, his wife asked him, 'What are they asking of you at this time of the night? Is there something you desire from them?' He said, 'Yes, indeed they have told me something interesting.' Then, he went out to them. Muhammad bin Maslamah embraced him and said, 'Let none of you precede the others in slaying him. We will all kill him together, for if we allow him to speak a word, he will bewitch us.'" Then they stabbed him with their swords in his abdomen and killed him. When the Jews and the polytheists who were with them found out about it, they were alarmed and the next morning they went to the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'Our leader was killed last night and he was a nobleman among us.' So, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited to them some of his poetry in which he insulted and harmed them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then called them to write a document between him and them and the Muslims in general, which would include the agreement of the people. And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote it.

أَنَّ كَعْبَ بْنَ الْأَشْرَفِ الْيَهُودِيَّ كَانَ شَاعِرًا وَكَانَ يَهْجُو رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابَهُ وَيُحَرِّضُ عَلَيْهِمْ كُفَّارَ قُرَيْشٍ فِي شَعْرِهِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَهِيَ أَخْلَاطٌ مِنْهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ الَّذِينَ يَجْمَعُهُمْ دَعْوَةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَفِيهِمُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ الَّذِينَ يَعْبُدُونَ الْأَوْثَانَ وَمِنْهُمُ الْيَهُودُ وَمِنْهُمْ أَهْلُ الْحَلْقَةِ وَالْحُصُونِ وَهُمْ حُلَفَاءُ الْحَيَّيْنِ الْأَوْسِ وَالْخَزْرَجِ فَأَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ قَدِمَ اسْتِصْلَاحَهُمْ وَمُوَادَعَتَهُمْ وَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ مُسْلِمًا وَأَبُوهُ مُشْرِكًا وَالرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ مُسْلِمًا وَأَخُوهُ مُشْرِكًا وَكَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ وَالْيَهُودُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ حِينَ قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُؤْذُونَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابَهُ أَشَدَّ الْأَذَى وَأَمَرَ اللهُ نَبِيَّهُ ﷺ وَالْمُسْلِمِينَ بِالصَّبِرِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَالْعَفْوِ عَنْهُمْ فَفِيهِمْ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {وَلَتَسْمَعُنَّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلَكُمْ وَمِنَ الَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا أَذًى كَثِيرًا} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {مِنْ عَزَمِ الْأُمُورِ} وَفِيهِمْ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {وَدَّ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ لَوْ يَرُدُّونَكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ إِيمَانِكُمْ كُفَّارًا} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ اللهُ بِأَمْرِهِ} فَلَمَّا أَبَى كَعْبُ بْنُ الْأَشْرَفِ أَنْ يَنْزِعَ عَنْ أَذَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَذَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَعْدَ بْنَ مُعَاذٍ وَمُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ ثُمَّ الْحَارِثِيَّ وَأَبَا عِيسَى بْنَ حَبْرٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ وَالْحَارِثَ ابْنَ أَخِي سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ فِي خَمْسَةِ رَهْطٍ فَأَتَوْهُ عَشِيَّةً فِي مَجْلِسِهِ بِالْعَوَالِي فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ كَعْبُ بْنُ الْأَشْرَفِ أَنْكَرَ شَأْنَهُمْ وَكَانَ يَذْعَرُ مِنْهُمْ وَقَالَ لَهُمْ مَا جَاءَ بِكُمْ؟ قَالُوا جَاءَ بِنَا حَاجَةٌ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ فَلْيَدْنُ إِلَيَّ بَعْضُكُمْ لِيُحَدِّثَنِي بِهَا فَدَنَا إِلَيْهِ بَعْضُهُمْ فَقَالَ قَدْ جِئْنَاكَ لِنَبِيعَكَ أَدْرَاعًا لَنَا لِنَسْتَنْفِقَ أَثْمَانَهَا فَقَالَ وَاللهِ لَئِنْ فَعَلْتُمْ لَقَدْ جُهِدْتُمْ مُنْذُ نَزَلَ بِكُمْ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ فَوَاعَدَهُمْ أَنْ يَأْتُوهُ عِشَاءً حِينَ يَهْدِي عَنْهُ النَّاسَ فَجَاؤُوهُ فَنَادَاهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَقَامَ لِيَخْرُجَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ مَا طَرَقُوكَ سَاعَتَهُمْ هَذِهِ بِشَيْءٍ مِمَّا تُحِبُّ قَالَ بَلَى إِنَّهُمْ قَدْ حَدَّثُونِي حَدِيثَهُمْ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَاعْتَنَقَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ وَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ لَا يَسْبِقْكُمْ وَإِنْ قَتَلْتُمُونِي وَإِيَّاهُ جَمِيعًا فَطَعَنَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ بِالسَّيْفِ فِي خَاصِرَتِهِ فَلَمَّا قَتَلُوهُ فَزِعْتِ الْيَهُودُ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَغَدَوْا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ حِينَ أَصْبَحُوا فَقَالُوا قَدْ طُرِقَ صَاحِبُنَا اللَّيْلَةَ وَهُوَ سَيِّدٌ مِنْ سَادَاتِنَا فَقُتِلَ غِيلَةً فَذَكَرَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الَّذِي كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي أَشْعَارِهِ وَيُؤْذِيهِمْ بِهِ فَدَعَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَامَّةً صَحِيفَةً فِيهَا جَامِعُ أَمَرِ النَّاسِ فَكَتَبَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ

[AI] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Medina, after his departure from Taif, Bujair ibn Zuhair ibn Abi Sulma wrote to his brother Ka'ab ibn Zuhair ibn Abi Sulma, informing him that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had killed a man in Makkah who used to insult and harm him. He also mentioned that the remaining poets of Quraysh, such as Ibn Al-Ziba'ra and Hubayrah ibn Abi Wahb, had fled in all directions. If there is something you need for yourself, then flee to the Messenger ﷺ as he does not kill anyone who comes to him repenting. And if you do not do so, then escape to your own safety. Ka'ab recited poems in which he praised the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and mentioned his fear and the trembling of his knees due to the news. Then he left until he reached Medina and stayed with a man who had a connection with him from Juheinah, as he had told me. The next morning, he accompanied him to the Messenger of Allah's ﷺ prayer. He prayed with the people, then his companion pointed him towards the Prophet ﷺ and said, "This is the Messenger of Allah, so go to him and seek his protection." He told me that he approached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and placed his hand in his hand, but the Messenger of Allah did not recognize him. He said, "O Messenger of Allah, Ka'ab ibn Zuhair has come seeking your protection, having repented and embraced Islam. Will you accept him if I bring him to you?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "Yes." He said, "O Messenger of Allah, I am Ka'ab ibn Zuhair." Ibn Ishaq said, Asim ibn Omar ibn Qatadah narrated to me that a man from the Ansar jumped towards him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, let me and Allah's enemy strike his neck." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Leave him, for he has come repenting and seeking pardon." The Ansar were angry with this man for what he had done to their companion.

لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ مُنْصَرَفِهِ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ كَتَبَ بُجَيْرُ بْنُ زُهَيْرِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلْمَى إِلَى أَخِيهِ كَعْبِ بْنِ زُهَيْرِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلْمَى يُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا بِمَكَّةَ مِمَّنْ كَانَ يَهْجُوهُ وَيُؤْذِيهِ وَأَنَّهُ مَنْ بَقِيَ مِنْ شُعَرَاءِ قُرَيْشٍ ابْنُ الزِّبَعْرَى وَهُبَيْرَةُ بْنُ أَبِي وَهْبٍ قَدْ هَرَبُوا فِي كُلِّ وَجْهٍ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَكَ فِي نَفْسِكَ حَاجَةٌ فَفِرَّ إِلَى رَسُولِ ﷺ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَقْتُلُ أَحَدًا جَاءَ تَائِبًا وَإِنْ أَنْتَ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَانْجُ إِلَى نَجَائِكَ وَقَدْ كَانَ كَعْبٌ قَالَ أَبْيَاتًا نَالَ فِيهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ كَعْبًا الْكِتَابُ ضَاقَتْ بِهِ الْأَرْضُ وَأَشْفَقَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَأَرْجَفَ بِهِ مَنْ كَانَ فِي حَاضَرِهِ مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ قَالُوا هُوَ مَقْتُولٌ فَلَمَّا لَمْ يَجِدْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ بَدَا قَالَ قَصِيدَتَهُ الَّتِي مَدَحَ فِيهَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَذَكَرَ خَوْفَهُ وَإِرْجَافَ الْوُشَاةِ بِهِ مِنْ غَدِهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَنَزَلَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنِهِ مَعْرِفَةٌ مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ كَمَا ذَكَرَ لِي فَغَدَا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ فَصَلَّى مَعَ النَّاسِ ثُمَّ أَشَارَ لَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ النَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ فَقُمْ إِلَيْهِ فَاسْتَأْمِنْهُ فَذَكَرَ لِي أَنَّهُ قَامَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى وَضَعَ يَدَهُ فِي يَدِهِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ لَا يَعْرِفُهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ كَعْبَ بْنَ زُهَيْرٍ جَاءَ يَسْتَأْمِنُ مِنْكَ تَائِبًا مُسْلِمًا فَهَلْ أَنْتَ قَابِلٌ مِنْهُ إِنْ أَنَا جِئْتُكَ بِهِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنَا كَعْبُ بْنُ زُهَيْرٍ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ فَحَدَّثَنِي عَاصِمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ قَالَ وَثَبَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ دَعْنِي وَعَدُوَّ اللهِ أَضْرِبُ عُنُقَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «دَعْهُ عَنْكَ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ جَاءَ تَائِبًا نَازِعًا» فَغَضِبَ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَيِّ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ بِمَا صَنَعَ بِهِ صَاحِبِهِمْ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ

[AI] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Madinah after his departure from Ta'if, Bujayr bin Zuhair bin Abi Salamah wrote to his brother Ka'b bin Zuhair bin Abi Salamah, informing him that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had killed a man in Makkah who used to insult and harm him. He mentioned that the remaining poets of the Quraysh, Ibn Ziba'rah and Hubayrah bin Abi Wahb, had fled in all directions. He advised Ka'b to seek the protection of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , as he does not kill anyone who comes to him repenting. If he did not want to do that, he should go to his own people for help. When Ka'b received the letter, he felt overwhelmed and frightened for his life. Those who were present with him trembled, assuming that he had been killed. When he could not find anything to say, he recited the poem he had composed praising the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and describing his fear and the trembling of his limbs. Then he left until he reached Madinah and stayed with a man named Ma'rifah, with whom he had some connection in Juhaynah. In the morning, he went with him to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and prayed with the people. Then Ma'rifah pointed him out to the Prophet, saying, "This is the Messenger of Allah." He asked Ka'b to come forward and gave him his hand. Since the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not know who he was, Ka'b said, "O Messenger of Allah, Ka'b bin Zuhair has come, seeking your protection, remorseful and a Muslim. Would you be willing to receive him if I bring him to you?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "Yes." Ka'b then said, "O Messenger of Allah, I am Ka'b bin Zuhair." Ibn Ishaq said that 'Asim bin 'Umar bin Qatadah reported that a man from the Ansar alighted and said, "O Messenger of Allah, let me take his life for you as the enemy of Allah." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "Leave him, as he has come repentant and seeking forgiveness." The Ansar became angry at him for what he had done to their companion. That happened because they did not know that Ka'b had come repentant, seeking forgiveness.

لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ مُنْصَرَفِهِ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ كَتَبَ بُجَيْرُ بْنُ زُهَيْرِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلْمَى إِلَى أَخِيهِ كَعْبِ بْنِ زُهَيْرِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلْمَى يُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا بِمَكَّةَ مِمَّنْ كَانَ يَهْجُوهُ وَيُؤْذِيهِ وَأَنَّهُ مَنْ بَقِيَ مِنْ شُعَرَاءِ قُرَيْشٍ ابْنُ الزِّبَعْرَى وَهُبَيْرَةُ بْنُ أَبِي وَهْبٍ قَدْ هَرَبُوا فِي كُلِّ وَجْهٍ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَكَ فِي نَفْسِكَ حَاجَةٌ فَفِرَّ إِلَى رَسُولِ ﷺ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَقْتُلُ أَحَدًا جَاءَ تَائِبًا وَإِنْ أَنْتَ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَانْجُ إِلَى نَجَائِكَ وَقَدْ كَانَ كَعْبٌ قَالَ أَبْيَاتًا نَالَ فِيهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ كَعْبًا الْكِتَابُ ضَاقَتْ بِهِ الْأَرْضُ وَأَشْفَقَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَأَرْجَفَ بِهِ مَنْ كَانَ فِي حَاضَرِهِ مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ قَالُوا هُوَ مَقْتُولٌ فَلَمَّا لَمْ يَجِدْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ بَدَا قَالَ قَصِيدَتَهُ الَّتِي مَدَحَ فِيهَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَذَكَرَ خَوْفَهُ وَإِرْجَافَ الْوُشَاةِ بِهِ مِنْ غَدِهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَنَزَلَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنِهِ مَعْرِفَةٌ مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ كَمَا ذَكَرَ لِي فَغَدَا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ فَصَلَّى مَعَ النَّاسِ ثُمَّ أَشَارَ لَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ النَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ فَقُمْ إِلَيْهِ فَاسْتَأْمِنْهُ فَذَكَرَ لِي أَنَّهُ قَامَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى وَضَعَ يَدَهُ فِي يَدِهِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ لَا يَعْرِفُهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ كَعْبَ بْنَ زُهَيْرٍ جَاءَ يَسْتَأْمِنُ مِنْكَ تَائِبًا مُسْلِمًا فَهَلْ أَنْتَ قَابِلٌ مِنْهُ إِنْ أَنَا جِئْتُكَ بِهِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنَا كَعْبُ بْنُ زُهَيْرٍ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ فَحَدَّثَنِي عَاصِمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ قَالَ وَثَبَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ دَعْنِي وَعَدُوَّ اللهِ أَضْرِبُ عُنُقَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «دَعْهُ عَنْكَ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ جَاءَ تَائِبًا نَازِعًا» فَغَضِبَ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَيِّ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ بِمَا صَنَعَ بِهِ صَاحِبِهِمْ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ

[AI] It was narrated by Suhaib, the companion of the Prophet ﷺ, that the Prophet ﷺ never entered a village without saying, "O Allah, Lord of the seven heavens and whatever they shade, and Lord of the earths and whatever they contain, and Lord of the devils and whatever they mislead, and Lord of the winds and whatever they scatter. Indeed, we ask You for the good of this village and the good of its people, and seek Your protection from its evil and the evil of its inhabitants and the evil within it." Abu Abdul Rahman Hafs ibn Maysarah said, "There is no harm in it." And Abdul Rahman ibn Abi al-Zinad is weak. Abdul Rahman ibn Abi al-Zinad reported to us that Harun ibn Abdullah informed us that Saad ibn Abdul Hamid informed us that Ibn Abi al-Zinad reported to us from Musa ibn Uqbah from Ata ibn Abi Marwan from his father that Abdul Rahman ibn Mughith told him that Ka'b said, "Whenever Muhammad ﷺ wanted to enter a village, he would say upon seeing it, 'Their people are all the same, except for the evil among them.'" Ka'b also said, "Suhaib narrated this supplication from the Messenger of Allah." And Ka'b said, "It was the supplication of Dawud (David) when he used to face the enemy." Ibn Ishaq differed with this. Ibn Ishaq reported to us that Ibrahim ibn Ya'qub informed us that al-Nufayli narrated to us that Muhammad ibn Salamah narrated to us from Ibn Ishaq from Ata ibn Abi Marwan from his father from Abu Mughith ibn Amr that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached Khaibar, he said to his companions, "Stop!" Then he said, "O Allah, Lord of the heavens and whatever they shade," and so on, like that. He used to say it upon entering every village. Zakariyya ibn Yahya reported to us that Umar ibn Ali narrated to us that Abdullah ibn Harun narrated to us that his father narrated to us that Muhammad ibn Ishaq narrated to us from someone whose name I do not remember, from Ata ibn Abi Marwan from his father from Abu Mughith ibn Amr, a similar narration.

أَنَّ صُهَيْبًا صَاحِبَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَمْ يَرَ قَرْيَةً يُرِيدُ دُخُولَهَا إِلَّا قَالَ حِينَ يَرَاهَا «اللهُمَّ رَبَّ السَّمَوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَمَا أَظْلَلْنَ وَرَبَّ الْأَرَضِينَ وَمَا أَقْلَلْنَ وَرَبَّ الشَّيَاطِينِ وَمَا أَضْلَلْنَ وَرَبَّ الرِّيَاحِ وَمَا ذَرَيْنَ فَإِنَّا نَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ هَذِهِ الْقَرْيَةِ وَخَيْرَ أَهْلِهَا وَنَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَشَرِّ أَهْلِهَا وَشَرِّ مَا فِيهَا» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ حَفْصُ بْنُ مَيْسَرَةَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ ضَعِيفٌ خَالَفَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ 10303 أَخْبَرَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِيُ الزِّنَادِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مُغِيثٍ حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ قَالَ كَعْبٌ مَا أَتَى مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ قَرْيَةً يُرِيدُ دُخُولَهَا إِلَّا قَالَ حِينَ يَرَاهَا مِثْلَهُ سَوَاءٌ إِلَى «شَرِّ أَهْلِهَا» قَالَ وَقَالَ كَعْبٌ إِنَّ صُهَيْبًا حَدَّثَهُ هَذَا الدُّعَاءَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ وَقَالَ كَعْبٌ إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ دَعْوَةَ دَاوُدَ حِينَ يَرَى الْعَدُوَّ [202] خَالَفَهُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ 10304 أَخْبَرَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ حَدَّثَنَا النُّفَيْلِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي مُغِيثِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا أَشْرَفَ عَلَى خَيْبَرَ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ وَأَنَا فِيهِمْ «قِفُوا» ثُمَّ قَالَ «اللهُمَّ رَبَّ السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَا أَظْلَلْنَ» نَحْوَهُ قَالَ وَكَانَ يَقُولُهَا لِكُلِّ قَرْيَةٍ دَخَلَهَا 10305 أَخْبَرَنِي زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ يَحْيَى حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ هَارُونَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ لَا أَتَّهِمُ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي مُغِيثِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو نَحْوَهُ

[AI] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Two men should not go out to relieve themselves uncovering their private parts and speaking, for Allah dislikes that." And Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us that Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Ahmad Al-Humaidi narrated to us, who narrated to us from Al-Hasan ibn Al-Fadl Al-Bajali, who narrated to us from Muslim ibn Ibrahim Al-Warraq, that Ikrimah ibn Ammar narrated to us from Yahya ibn Abi Kathir, from Iyad ibn Hilal, who mentioned him with similar wording. Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Ali Al-Hafiz informed us, and Ibrahim ibn Abdullah Al-Asbahani said, Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Khuzayma followed these two narrations, stating that this is authentic and this scholar is Iyad ibn Hilal, who narrated from him Yahya ibn Abi Kathir, without mentioning a specific narration. I consider the doubt in it from Ikrimah ibn Ammar when he said from Hilal ibn Iyad. And Abu Ali Al-Rudhbari informed us, I am Abu Bakr ibn Dasa, I heard Abu Dawood say, and it is only narrated by Ikrimah ibn Ammar. Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, saying, I heard Ali ibn Hamshath say, I heard Musa ibn Harun say, narrated by Muhammad ibn Al-Sabah, narrated by Al-Walid from Al-Awza'ee, from Yahya ibn Abi Kathir, from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in a mursal narration.

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يقُولُ لَا يَخْرُجُ الرَّجُلَانِ يَضْرِبَانِ الْغَائِطَ كَاشِفَيْنِ عَنْ عَوْرَتِهِمَا يَتَحَدَّثَانِ فَإِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى يَمْقُتُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ 484 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْحُمَيْدِيُّ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْبَجَلِيُّ ثنا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْوَرَّاقُ أنا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ عِيَاضِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ نا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ عَقِيبَ هَاتَيْنِ الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ هَذَا هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ هَذَا الشَّيْخُ هُوَ عِيَاضُ بْنُ هِلَالٍ رَوَى عَنْهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ غَيْرَ حَدِيثٍ وَأَحْسَبُ الْوَهْمَ فِيهِ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ حِينَ قَالَ عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ عِيَاضٍ وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَلَمْ يُسْنِدْهُ إِلَّا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ 485 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ حَمْشَاذٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ مُوسَى بْنَ هَارُونَ يَقُولُ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ ثنا الْوَلِيدُ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا

[AI] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Indeed, Allah loves that His concessions are granted just as He loves that His commands are fulfilled." 5416 And likewise.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ يُحِبُّ أَنْ تُؤْتَى رُخَصُهُ كَمَا يُحِبُّ أَنْ تُؤْتَى عَزَائِمُهُ 5416 وَكَذَلِكَ

[AI] Abdullah ibn Umar and Abu Hurairah reported that they heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying while standing on the steps of his pulpit, "A time will come when some people will stop attending Friday prayers, or Allah will seal their hearts, and they will become among the heedless."

أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ وَأَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ حَدَّثَاهُ أَنَّهُمَا سَمِعَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ وَهُوَ عَلَى أَعْوَادِ مِنْبَرِهِ لَيَنْتَهِيَنَّ أَقْوَامٌ عَنْ وَدْعِهِمُ الْجُمُعَاتِ أَوْ لَيَخْتِمَنَّ اللهُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ ثُمَّ لَيَكُونُنَّ مِنَ الْغَافِلِينَ

[AI] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited that a migrant sells to an Arab, that a woman asks for the divorce of her sister, that a man feels ashamed of bidding against his brother, and prohibited slander and cursing. This is the narration of Hafs bin 'Umar.

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ التَّلَقِّي وَأَنْ يَبِيعَ مُهَاجِرٌ لِأَعْرَابِيٍّ وَأَنْ تَسْأَلَ الْمَرْأَةُ طَلَاقَ أُخْتِهَا وَأَنْ يَسْتَامَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى سَوْمِ أَخِيهِ وَعَنِ التَّصْرِيَةِ وَالنَّجْشِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ حَفْصِ بْنِ عُمَرَ

[AI] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , sent Umar ibn Al-Khattab to collect charity. Ibn Jameel, Khalid ibn Al-Walid, and Al-Abbas refused to give charity. The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, "Ibn Jameel will not face any consequences unless he is in need, and Allah will enrich him. As for Khalid, you have wronged him. He has dedicated his arms and effort in the path of Allah. As for Al-Abbas, he is my uncle, and the same applies to him." Then he asked, "Have you not heard that a man resembles his father or his paternal uncle?"

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ فَمَنَعَ ابْنُ جَمِيلٍ وَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَالْعَبَّاسُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا يَنْقِمُ ابْنُ جَمِيلٍ إِلَّا أَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَأَغْنَاهُ اللهُ وَأَمَّا خَالِدٌ فَإِنَّكُمْ تَظْلِمُونَ خَالِدًا؛ فَقَدِ احْتَبَسَ أَدْرَاعَهُ وَأَعْتَادَهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَأَمَّا الْعَبَّاسُ عَمُّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَهِيَ عَلَيَّ وَمِثْلُهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَا شَعَرْتَ أَنَّ عَمَّ الرَّجُلِ صِنْوُ الْأَبِ أَوْ صِنْوُ أَبِيهِ؟

[AI] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "There is no newborn among the children of Adam except that he is born upon the fitrah (natural disposition), until his parents make him Jewish, Christian, or Magian, just as an animal gives birth to a perfect offspring. Do you find any among them imperfect? Then Abu Hurairah recited: 'The fitrah (natural disposition) of Allah upon which He has created [all] people. No change should there be in the creation of Allah. That is the correct religion, but most of the people do not know.'" [Quran 30:30]

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَا مِنْ مَوْلُودٍ فِي بَنِي آدَمَ إِلَّا يُولَدُ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ حَتَّى يَكُونَ أَبَوَاهُ يُهَوِّدَانِهِ أَوْ يُنَصِّرَانِهِ أَوْ يُمَجِّسَانِهِ كَمَا تُنْتَجُ الْبَهِيمَةُ بَهِيمَةً جَمْعَاءَ هَلْ تُحِسُّونَ فِيهَا مِنْ جَدْعَاءَ؟ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ وَاقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ {فِطْرَةَ اللهِ الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْهَا لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِخَلْقِ اللهِ ذَلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ} [الروم 30]

When Allah favored His Apostle with the properties of Hawazin tribe as Fai (booty), he started giving to some Quarries men even up to one-hundred camels each, whereupon some Ansari men said about Messenger of Allah ﷺ, "May Allah forgive His Apostle! He is giving to (men of) Quraish and leaves us, in spite of the fact that our swords are still dropping blood (of the infidels)" When Messenger of Allah ﷺ was informed of what they had said, he called the Ansar and gathered them in a leather tent and did not call anybody else along, with them. When they gathered, Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to them and said, "What is the statement which, I have been informed, and that which you have said?" The learned ones among them replied," O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! The wise ones amongst us did not say anything, but the youngsters amongst us said, 'May Allah forgive His Apostle; he gives the Quarish and leaves the Ansar, in spite of the fact that our swords are still dribbling (wet) with the blood of the infidels.' " Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, I give to such people as are still close to the period of Infidelity (i.e. they have recently embraced Islam and Faith is still weak in their hearts). Won't you be pleased to see people go with fortune, while you return with Messenger of Allah ﷺ to your houses? By Allah, what you will return with, is better than what they are returning with." The Ansar replied, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, we are satisfied' Then the Prophet ﷺ said to them." You will find after me, others being preferred to you. Then be patient till you meet Allah and meet His Apostle at Al-Kauthar (i.e. a fount in Paradise)." (Anas added:) But we did not remain patient. (Using translation from Bukhārī 3147)

أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فِيمَا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ هَوَازِنَ فَطَفِقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُعْطِي رَجُلًا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ الْمِائَةَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَقَالُوا يَغْفِرُ اللهُ لِرَسُولِهِ ﷺ يُعْطِي قُرَيْشًا وَيَتْرُكُنَا وَسُيُوفُنَا تَقْطُرُ مِنْ دِمَائِهِمْ قَالَ فَحُدِّثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَقَالَتِهِمْ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى الْأَنْصَارِ فَجَمَعَهُمْ فِي قُبَّةٍ مِنْ أَدَمٍ لَمْ يَدْعُ مَعَهُمْ غَيْرَهُمْ فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَا حَدِيثٌ بَلَغَنِي عَنْكُمْ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ فُقَهَاؤُهُمْ أَمَّا ذَوُو رَأْيِنَا فَلَمْ يَقُولُوا شَيْئًا وَأَمَّا نَاسٌ مِنَّا حَدِيثَةٌ أَسْنَانُهُمْ فَقَالُوا يَغْفِرُ اللهُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ يُعْطِي قُرَيْشًا وَيَتْرُكُنَا وَسُيُوفُنَا تَقْطُرُ مِنْ دِمَائِهِمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِنِّي أُعْطِي رِجَالًا حَدِيثِي عَهْدٍ بِكُفْرٍ؛ أَتَأَلَّفُهُمْ أَلَا تَرْضَوْنَ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ النَّاسُ بِالْأَمْوَالِ وَتَرْجِعُونَ إِلَى رِحَالِكُمْ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ لَمَا تَنْقَلِبُونَ بِهِ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا يَنْقَلِبُونَ بِهِ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَدْ رَضِينَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَجِدُونَ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةً شَدِيدَةً؛ فَاصْبِرُوا حَتَّى تَلَقَوَا اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ عَلَى الْحَوْضِ قَالَ أَنَسٌ إِذًا نَصْبِرُ

[AI] He sent him on an army made up of people wearing chains. He said, "I came to him and asked, 'Who is the most beloved to you among the people?' He said, 'Aisha.' I asked, 'Among the men?' He said, 'Her father.' I asked, 'Then who?' He said, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab.' He counted the men again."

بَعَثَهُ عَلَى جَيْشِ ذَاتِ السَّلَاسِلِ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ أِيُّ النَّاسِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ؟ فَقَالَ عَائِشَةُ فَقُلْتُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ؟ قَالَ أَبُوهَا فَقُلْتُ ثُمَّ مَنْ؟ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ فَعَدَّ رِجَالًا

[AI] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not choose between two matters except that he would take the easier one, as long as it was not sinful. And if it was sinful, he would distance himself the most from it. And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not seek revenge for himself unless the sanctity of Allah was violated, so he would take revenge for the sake of Allah. 13284 And Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, Ali ibn Isa informed us, Musa ibn Muhammad Al-Dhuhli informed us, Yahya ibn Yahya said: I read it to Malik, and he mentioned it except that he did not mention his saying "so he would take revenge for the sake of Allah."

مَا خُيِّرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي أَمْرَيْنِ إِلَّا أَخَذَ أَيْسَرَهُمَا مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ إِثْمًا فَإِذَا كَانَ إِثْمًا كَانَ أَبْعَدَ النَّاسِ مِنْهُ وَمَا انْتَقَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِنَفْسِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ تُنْتَهَكَ حُرْمَةُ اللهِ فَيَنْتَقِمُ لِلَّهِ بِهَا 13284 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الذُّهْلِيُّ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ فَذَكَرَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَوْلَهُ فَيَنْتَقِمُ لِلَّهِ بِهَا

[AI] He informed them that they went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the Farewell Pilgrimage until they reached Usfan. A man from the Banu Mudlij, called Suraqah ibn Malik or Malik ibn Suraqah, stood up and said, "O Messenger of Allah, fulfill your promise as if we were born today." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Indeed, Allah has made performing 'Umrah during this Hajj obligatory upon you. So when you have arrived, whoever performs Tawaf around the Ka'bah and between Safa and Marwah (the hills) may remove the ihram, except those who have a sacrificial animal." When we were released, we enjoyed ourselves with these women, and marriage was something we could do. So we presented that to the women, and they agreed except that they wanted a waiting period between us and them. We mentioned that to the Prophet ﷺ , and he said, 'Do it.' So I went out, along with a cousin of mine, each of us having a cloak. His cloak was better than mine, although I was stronger and had more hair. We approached a woman, and she liked his cloak and was attracted to my youthfulness. She said, 'A cloak like this is equal to a man.' The waiting period between us was ten days. I stayed with her for a night and then left. When I left, behold, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was standing between the Rukn and the Station, saying, 'O people, I had given you permission concerning enjoyment with these women. Indeed, I have forbidden it until the Day of Judgment. So whoever has anything belonging to them, let them return it, and do not take anything back from what you have given them'" (14156). Abu Zakariyya ibn Abi Ishaq narrated to us from Abu Abdullah ibn Ya'qub, who narrated to us from Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, who narrated to us from Ja'far ibn Awn, who narrated to us from Abdul Aziz ibn Umar, who narrated to us from Ar-Rabi ibn Sabrah, who narrated to him from his father, who narrated to him that they traveled with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ until they reached Usfan. A man from the Banu Mudlij spoke to him, and he mentioned the hadith in a similar manner, and likewise.

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُمْ خَرَجُوا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ حَتَّى نَزَلُوا بِعُسْفَانَ فَقَامَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي مُدْلِجٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ سُرَاقَةُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَوْ مَالِكُ بْنُ سُرَاقَةَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اقْضِ قَضَاءً كَأَنَّمَا وُلِدُوا الْيَوْمَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ أَدْخَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي حَجَّتِكُمْ هَذِهِ عَمْرَةً فَإِذَا أَنْتُمْ قَدِمْتُمْ فَمَنْ تَطَوَّفَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَبَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ يَحِلُّ إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ فَلَمَّا أَحْلَلْنَا قَدِ اسْتَمْتَعُوا مِنْ هَذِهِ النِّسَاءِ وَالِاسْتِمْتَاعُ عِنْدَنَا التَّزْوِيجُ فَعَرَضْنَا ذَلِكَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ فَأَبَيْنَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَضْرِبْنَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُنَّ أَجَلًا فَذَكَرْنَا ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ افْعَلُوا فَخَرَجْتُ أَنَا وَابْنُ عَمٍّ لِي مَعِي بُرْدٌ وَمَعَهُ بُرْدٌ وَبُرْدُهُ أَجْوَدُ مِنْ بُرْدِي وَأَنَا أَشَبُّ مِنْهُ فَأَتَيْنَا امْرَأَةً فَأَعْجَبَهَا بُرْدُهُ وَأَعْجَبَهَا شَبَابِي قَالَتْ بُرْدٌ كَبُرْدٍ فَكَانَ الْأَجَلُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهَا عَشْرًا فَبِتُّ عِنْدَهَا لَيْلَةً فَأَصْبَحْتُ فَخَرَجْتُ فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَائِمٌ بَيْنَ الرُّكْنِ وَالْمَقَامِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ كُنْتُ أَذِنْتُ لَكُمْ فِي الِاسْتِمْتَاعِ مِنْ هَذِهِ النِّسَاءِ أَلَا وَإِنِّي قَدْ حَرَّمْتُ ذَلِكَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَمَنْ بَقِيَ عِنْدَهُ مِنْهُنَّ شَيْءٌ فَلْيُخَلِّ سَبِيلَهَا وَلَا تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا 14156 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ أنبأ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ أنبأ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عُمَرَ حَدَّثَنِي الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سَبْرَةَ أَنَّ أَبَاهُ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّهُمْ سَارُوا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى بَلَغُوا عُسْفَانَ فَكَلَّمَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي مُدْلِجٍ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِنَحْوِهِ وَكَذَلِكَ

Allah has made blind the hearts of some people as He has deprived them of eyesight that they give religious verdict in favour of temporary marriage, while he was alluding to a person (Ibn 'Abbas). Ibn Abbas called him and said: You are an uncouth person, devoid of sense. By my life, Mut'a was practised during the lifetime of the leader of the pious (he meant Messenger of Allah, may peace be upon him), and Ibn Zubair said to him: just do it yourselves, and by Allah, if you do that I will stone you with your stones. Ibn Shihab said. Khalid b. Muhajir b. Saifullah informed me: While I was sitting in the company of a person, a person came to him and he asked for a religious verdict about Mut'a and he permitted him to do it. Ibn Abu 'Amrah al-Ansari (Allah be pleased with him) said to him: Be gentle. It was permitted in- the early days of Islam, (for one) who was driven to it under the stress of necessity just as (the eating of) carrion and the blood and flesh of swine and then Allah intensified (the commands of) His religion and prohibited it (altogether). Ibn Shihab reported: Rabi' b. Sabra told me that his father (Sabra) said: I contracted temporary marriage with a woman of Banu 'Amir for two cloaks during the lifetime of Messenger of Allah ﷺ ; then he forbade us to do Mut'a. Ibn Shihab said: I heard Rabi' b. Sabra narrating it to Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz and I was sitting there. (Using translation from Muslim 1406k)

إِنَّ نَاسًا أَعْمَى اللهُ قُلُوبَهُمْ كَمَا أَعْمَى أَبْصَارَهُمْ يُفْتُونَ بِالْمُتْعَةِ وَيُعَرِّضُ بِالرَّجُلِ فَنَادَاهُ فَقَالَ إنك جِلْفٌ جَافٍ فَلَعَمْرِي لَقَدْ كَانَتِ الْمُتْعَةُ تُفْعَلُ فِي عَهْدِ إِمَامِ الْمُتَّقِينَ يُرِيدُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ فَجَرِّبْ بِنَفْسِكَ فَوَاللهِ لَئِنْ فَعَلْتَهَا لَأَرْجُمَنَّكَ بِأَحْجَارِكَ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ فَأَخْبَرَنِي خَالِدُ بْنُ الْمُهَاجِرِ بْنِ سَيْفِ اللهِ أَنَّهُ بَيْنَمَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ فَاسْتَفْتَاهُ فِي الْمُتْعَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ مَهْلًا مَا هِيَ وَاللهِ لَقَدْ فُعِلَتْ فِي عَهْدِ إِمَامِ الْمُتَّقِينَ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ رُخْصَةً فِي أَوَّلِ الْإِسْلَامِ لِمَنْ يُضْطَرُّ إِلَيْهَا كَالْمَيْتَةِ وَالدَّمِ وَلَحْمِ الْخِنْزِيرِ ثُمَّ أَحْكَمَ اللهُ الدِّينَ وَنَهَى عَنْهَا قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ وَأَخْبَرَنِي الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سَبْرَةَ الْجُهَنِيُّ أَنَّ أَبَاهُ قَالَ قَدْ كُنْتُ اسْتَمْتَعْتُ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرٍ بِبُرْدَيْنِ أَحْمَرَيْنِ ثُمَّ نَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْمُتْعَةِ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ وَسَمِعْتُ الرَّبِيعَ بْنَ سَبْرَةَ يُحَدِّثُ ذَلِكَ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَأَنَا جَالِسٌ

[AI] "A Bedouin man from the tribe of Banu Fazara came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'Indeed, my wife has given birth to a dark-skinned boy.' The Prophet ﷺ said to him, 'Do you have any camels?' He replied, 'Yes.' The Prophet ﷺ asked, 'What are their colors?' He answered, 'Red.' The Prophet ﷺ then asked, 'Do any of them have white markings?' He replied, 'Yes, some of them have white markings.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Perhaps it is from the genes of one of them that the child inherited this.' The phrase 'perhaps it is from the genes of one of them' is a narration from Imam Shafi'i, and in the narration of Qutaiba, it mentions that a man from the tribe of Banu Fazara came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'Perhaps it is from the genes of one of them.'"

أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا مِنْ بَنِي فَزَارَةَ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ امْرَأَتِي وَلَدَتْ غُلَامًا أَسْوَدَ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هَلْ لَكَ مِنْ إِبِلٍ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَمَا أَلْوَانُهَا؟ قَالَ حُمْرٌ قَالَ هَلْ فِيهَا مِنْ أَوْرَقَ؟ قَالَ إِنَّ فِيهَا لَوُرْقًا قَالَ فَأَنَّى أَصَابَهَا ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ لَعَلَّهُ عِرْقٌ نَزَعَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَهَذَا لَعَلَّهُ نَزَعَهُ عِرْقٌ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ قُتَيْبَةَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي فَزَارَةَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَالَ عَسَى أَنْ يَكُونَ نَزَعَهُ عِرْقٌ

[AI] I saw Umar ibn Al-Khattab before he was struck by the days in Medina. He stood with Hudhaifah ibn Al-Yaman and Uthman ibn Hunayf and said, "How have you two managed to bear the burden of the earth that it cannot bear?" They said, "We have carried it by a command that it can bear." Hudhaifah said, "If I were to carry it, it would be weakened." Uthman ibn Hunayf said, "I have carried it by a command that it can bear, without any great favor." Umar then said, "See that you have not carried the burden of the earth that it cannot bear." They said, "No." Umar said, "If Allah grants me safety, I will leave the widows of Iraq without needing any man after me." He said, "Only four things came upon him until he was struck." He said, "And between me and him, there is no one except Abdullah ibn Abbas in the morning." He said, "And he used to stand between the rows. If he saw any disorder among them, he would say, 'Stand still until there is no disorder among them.' Then he would proceed and say the takbir." He said, "And perhaps he would recite Surah Yusuf or An-Nahl or something similar in the first raka'a until the people gathered." He said, "And it was only that he would say the takbir." He said, "I heard him say, 'The dog has killed me or the dog has eaten me,' when he was stabbed. Then he flew out of the wound with a double-edged knife that would not pass by anyone to the right or left except that it would stab him, until he stabbed thirteen men and nine of them died. When he saw that, a Muslim man threw a cloak on him. When the assassin thought that he had taken hold of him, he slit his own throat." He said, "And Umar held the hand of Abdullah ibn Awf and brought him forward." He said, "Who will take care of Umar? He has seen what he has seen." He said, "Regarding the surroundings of the mosque, they did not know anything except that they had lost the voice of Umar while they were saying, 'Subhan Allah, Subhan Allah.' Abdul-Rahman ibn Awf led them in a light prayer. When they finished, Umar said, 'O Ibn Abbas, see who killed me.' He went for a while and then came back and said, 'The slave of Al-Mughirah killed him.' He said, 'Really?' After they all spoke with their tongues and prayed towards their qibla and performed the Hajj according to their rites, he was brought to his house. We then left with him." He said, "And it was as if the people had not been affected by any calamity before that day. Some were saying, 'There is no harm,' while others were saying, 'We fear for him.' So they brought some wine and he drank it, and it came out of his wound. Then they brought some milk and he drank it, and it came out of his wound. They recognized that he was dead, and he mentioned this incident in his will and in the command to consult each other."

رَأَيْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَابَ بِأَيَّامٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَقَفَ عَلَى حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الْيَمَانِ وَعُثْمَانَ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ فَعَلْتُمَا تَخَافَانِ أَنْ تَكُونَا قَدْ حَمَّلْتُمَا الْأَرْضَ مَا لَا تُطِيقُ؟ قَالَا حَمَّلْنَاهَا أَمْرًا هِيَ لَهُ مُطِيقَةٌ وَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ لَوْ حَمَّلْتُ عَلَيْهَا أُضْعِفَتْ وَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ حَمَّلْتُهَا أَمْرًا هِيَ لَهُ مُطِيقَةٌ مَا فِيهَا كَبِيرُ فَضْلٍ قَالَ انْظُرْ أَلَّا تَكُونَا حَمَّلْتُمَا الْأَرْضَ مَا لَا تُطِيقُ قَالَا لَا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ لَئِنْ سَلَّمَنِي اللهُ لَأَدَعَنَّ أَرَامِلَ الْعِرَاقِ لَا يَحْتَجْنَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ بَعْدِي قَالَ فَمَا أَتَتْ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةٌ حَتَّى أُصِيبَ قَالَ وَإِنِّي لَقَائِمٌ مَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ إِلَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ غَدَاةَ أُصِيبَ قَالَ وَكَانَ إِذَا مَرَّ بَيْنَ الصَّفَّيْنِ قَامَ فَإِنْ رَأَى خَلَلًا قَالَ اسْتَوُوا حَتَّى إِذَا لَمْ يَرَ فِيهِمْ خَلَلًا تَقَدَّمَ فَكَبَّرَ قَالَ وَرُبَّمَا قَرَأَ بِسُورَةِ يُوسُفَ أَوِ النَّحْلِ أَوْ نَحْوِ ذَلِكَ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الْأُولَى حَتَّى يَجْتَمِعَ النَّاسُ قَالَ فَمَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ كَبَّرَ قَالَ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ قَتَلَنِي الْكَلْبُ أَوْ أَكَلَنِي الْكَلْبُ حِينَ طَعَنَهُ فَطَارَ الْعِلْجُ بِالسِّكِّينِ ذَاتِ طَرَفَيْنِ لَا يَمُرُّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ يَمِينًا وَلَا شِمَالًا إِلَّا طَعَنَهُ حَتَّى طَعَنَ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا فَمَاتَ مِنْهُمْ تِسْعَةٌ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ طَرَحَ عَلَيْهِ بُرْنُسًا فَلَمَّا ظَنَّ الْعِلْجُ أَنَّهُ مَأْخُوذٌ نَحَرَ نَفْسَهُ قَالَ وَتَنَاوَلَ عُمَرُ يَدَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ ؓ ا فَقَدَّمَهُ قَالَ فَمَنْ يلِي عُمَرَ ؓ فَقَدْ رَأَى الَّذِي رَأَى وَأَمَّا نَوَاحِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَدْرُونَ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُمْ فَقَدُوا صَوْتَ عُمَرَ ؓ وَهُمْ يَقُولُونَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ قَالَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ ؓ صَلَاةً خَفِيفَةً فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفُوا قَالَ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ انْظُرْ مَنْ قَتَلَنِي فَجَالَ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَقَالَ غُلَامُ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَقَالَ الصَّنِعُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قَاتَلَهُ اللهُ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَمَرْتُ بِهِ مَعْرُوفًا فَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يجْعَلْ مِيتَتِي بِيَدِ رَجُلٍ يَدَّعِي الْإِسْلَامَ وَقَالَ قَدْ كُنْتَ أَنْتَ وَأَبُوكَ تُحِبَّانِ أَنْ تَكْثُرَ الْعُلُوجُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ قَالَ وَكَانَ الْعَبَّاسُ ؓ أَكْثَرَهُمْ رَقِيقًا فَقَالَ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَعَلْنَا أَيْ إِنْ شِئْتَ قَتَلْنَا قَالَ كَذَبْتَ بَعْدَمَا تَكَلَّمُوا بِلِسَانِكُمْ وَصَلَّوْا قِبْلَتَكُمْ وَحَجُّوا حَجَّكُمْ فَاحْتُمِلَ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ فَانْطَلَقْنَا مَعَهُ قَالَ وَكَأَنَّ النَّاسَ لَمْ تُصِبْهُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَبْلَ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَائِلٌ يَقُولُ لَا بَأْسَ وَقَائِلٌ يَقُولُ نَخَافُ عَلَيْهِ فَأُتِيَ بِنَبِيذٍ فَشَرِبَهُ فَخَرَجَ مِنْ جُرْحِهِ ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِلَبَنٍ فَشَرِبَهُ فَخَرَجَ مِنْ جُرْحِهِ فَعَرَفُوا أَنَّهُ مَيِّتٌ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي وَصَايَاهُ وَأَمْرِ الشُّورَى

[AI] They said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr and Umar and the caliphs used to enforce it." He said, "What do you say, Abu Qilabah?" He said, "With you are the leaders of the armies and the nobles of the Arabs." A man from the people of Homs testified against a man from the people of Damascus that he had stolen and they did not witness him, would you cut him?" He said, "No." He said, "Four men from the people of Damascus testified against a man from the people of Homs that he committed adultery and they did not witness him, would you stone him?" He said, "No." He said, "So this is similar. By Allah, we never knew the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to kill anyone except that he would kill a man in return. Anbasa bin Sa'id said, "So where is the Hadith of the Qur'anists?" Abu Qilabah said, "I heard Anas bin Malik narrating from Anas bin Malik that a people from 'Ukl or 'Urainah came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and settled in the city. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded them to drink the milk and urine of their camels. So they set out, but when they recovered, they killed the shepherd of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and stole the camels. The news of their actions reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from early in the morning. So he sent men after them and it was not long before they were brought to him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered that their hands and feet be cut off and that their eyes be branded and they were thrown in the sun. They remained thirsty until they died. These are people who killed, stole, and disbelieved after their belief." Anbasa said, "How perfect is Allah!" Abu Qilabah said, "Are you accusing me, O Anbasa?" He said, "No, but this army will continue to be in good as long as Allah keeps you among them."

قَالُوا أَقَادَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَالْخُلَفَاءُ ؓ قَالَ مَا تَقُولُ يَا أَبَا قِلَابَةَ؟ قَالَ عِنْدَكَ رُءُوسُ الْأَجْنَادِ وَأَشْرَافُ الْعَرَبِ شَهِدَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ حِمْصٍ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ دِمَشْقَ أَنَّهُ سَرَقَ وَلَمْ يَرَوْهُ أَكُنْتَ تَقْطَعُهُ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ شَهِدَ أَرْبَعَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ دِمَشْقَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ حِمْصٍ أَنَّهُ زَنَى وَلَمْ يَرَوْهُ أَكُنْتَ تَرْجُمُهُ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَهَذَا أَشْبَهُ وَاللهِ مَا عَلِمْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَتَلَ أَحَدًا إِلَّا أَنْ يَقْتُلَ رَجُلًا فَيُقْتَلَ بِهِ قَالَ عَنْبَسَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ فَأَيْنَ حَدِيثُ الْعُرَنِيِّينَ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ إِيَّايَ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ قَوْمًا مِنْ عُكْلٍ أَوْ عُرَيْنَةَ قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَاجْتَوَوَا الْمَدِينَةَ فَأَمَرَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِلِقَاحٍ وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَشْرَبُوا مِنْ أَلْبَانِهَا وَأَبْوَالِهَا فَانْطَلَقُوا فَلَمَّا صَحُّوا قَتَلُوا رَاعِيَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَاسْتَاقُوا النَّعَمَ فَبَلَغَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ خَبَرُهُمْ مِنْ أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ فَبَعَثَ فِي آثَارِهِمْ فَمَا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ حَتَّى أُتِيَ بِهِمْ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُطِعَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُمْ وَسُمِرَتْ أَعْيُنُهُمْ وَأُلْقُوا فِي الْحَرَّةِ يَسْتَسْقُونَ فَلَا يُسْقَوْنَ حَتَّى مَاتُوا فَهَؤُلَاءِ قَوْمٌ قَتَلُوا وَسَرَقُوا وَكَفَرُوا بَعْدَ إِيمَانَهِمْ فَقَالَ عَنْبَسَةُ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ أَتَتَّهِمُنِي يَا عَنْبَسَةُ؟ قَالَ لَا وَلَكِنَّ هَذَا الْجُنْدَ لَا يَزَالُ بِخَيْرٍ مَا أَبْقَاكَ اللهُ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ

(the wife of the Prophet) Messenger of Allah ﷺ died while Abu Bakr was at a place called As-Sunah (Al-'Aliya) 'Umar stood up and said, "By Allah! Messenger of Allah ﷺ is not dead!" 'Umar (later on) said, "By Allah! Nothing occurred to my mind except that." He said, "Verily! Allah will resurrect him and he will cut the hands and legs of some men." Then Abu Bakr came and uncovered the face of Messenger of Allah ﷺ, kissed him and said, "Let my mother and father be sacrificed for you, (O Messenger of Allah ﷺ), you are good in life and in death. By Allah in Whose Hands my life is, Allah will never make you taste death twice." Then he went out and said, "O oath-taker! Don't be hasty." When Abu Bakr spoke, 'Umar sat down. Abu Bakr praised and glorified Allah and said, No doubt! Whoever worshipped Muhammad, then Muhammad is dead, but whoever worshipped Allah, then Allah is Alive and shall never die." Then he recited Allah's Statement.:-- "(O Muhammad) Verily you will die, and they also will die." (39.30) He also recited:-- "Muhammad is no more than an Apostle; and indeed many Apostles have passed away, before him, If he dies Or is killed, will you then Turn back on your heels? And he who turns back On his heels, not the least Harm will he do to Allah And Allah will give reward to those Who are grateful." (3.144) The people wept loudly, and the Ansar were assembled with Sad bin 'Ubada in the shed of Bani Saida. They said (to the emigrants). "There should be one 'Amir from us and one from you." Then Abu Bakr, Umar bin Al-Khattab and Abu 'baida bin Al-Jarrah went to them. 'Umar wanted to speak but Abu Bakr stopped him. 'Umar later on used to say, "By Allah, I intended only to say something that appealed to me and I was afraid that Abu Bakr would not speak so well. Then Abu Bakr spoke and his speech was very eloquent. He said in his statement, "We are the rulers and you (Ansars) are the ministers (i.e. advisers)," Hubab bin Al-Mundhir said, "No, by Allah we won't accept this. But there must be a ruler from us and a ruler from you." Abu Bakr said, "No, we will be the rulers and you will be the ministers, for they (i.e. Quarish) are the best family amongst the 'Arabs and of best origin. So you should elect either 'Umar or Abu 'Ubaida bin Al-Jarrah as your ruler." 'Umar said (to Abu Bakr), "No but we elect you, for you are our chief and the best amongst us and the most beloved of all of us to Messenger of Allah ﷺ." So 'Umar took Abu Bakr's hand and gave the pledge of allegiance and the people too gave the pledge of allegiance to Abu Bakr. Someone said, "You have killed Sad bin Ubada." 'Umar said, "Allah has killed him." (Using translation from Bukhārī 3667)

ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مَاتَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ بِالسُّنْحِ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَقَالَ وَاللهِ مَا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ وَاللهِ مَا كَانَ يَقَعُ فِي نَفْسِي إِلَّا ذَاكَ وَلَيَبْعَثَنَّهُ اللهُ ﷻ فَيَقْطَعَنَّ أَيْدِيَ رِجَالٍ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَكَشَفَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَبَّلَهُ وَقَالَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي طِبْتَ حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يُذِيقُكَ اللهُ ﷻ الْمَوْتَتَيْنِ أَبَدًا ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا الْحَالِفُ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ فَلَمَّا تَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ جَلَسَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ يَعْبُدُ مُحَمَّدًا فَإِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ مَاتَ وَمَن كَانَ يَعْبُدُ اللهَ ﷻ فَإِنَّ اللهَ حَيُّ لَا يَمُوتُ وَقَالَ {إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَإِنَّهُمْ مَيِّتُونَ} [الزمر 30] وَقَالَ {وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَفَإِنْ مَاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ وَمَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ} [آل عمران 144] الْآيَةَ كُلَّهَا فَنَشَجَ النَّاسُ يَبْكُونَ وَاجْتَمَعَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ ؓ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَقَالُوا مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ ؓ فَذَهَبَ عُمَرُ يَتَكَلَّمُ فَأَسْكَتَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَكَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ يَقُولُ وَاللهِ مَا أَرَدْتُ بِذَاكَ إِلَّا أَنِّي قَدْ هَيَّأْتُ كَلَامًا قَدْ أَعْجَبَنِي خَشِيتُ أَنْ لَا يَبْلُغَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَتَكَلَّمَ وَأَبْلَغَ فَقَالَ فِي كَلَامِهِ نَحْنُ الْأُمَرَاءُ وَأَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ قَالَ الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ لَا وَاللهِ لَا نَفْعَلُ أَبَدًا مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ لَا وَلَكِنَّا الْأُمَرَاءُ وَأَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ هُمْ أَوْسَطُ الْعَرَبِ دَارًا وَأَعْرَبُهُمْ أَحْسَابًا فَبَايِعُوا عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أَوْ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ ؓ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بَلْ نُبَايِعُكَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُنَا وَسَيِّدُنَا وَأَحَبُّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَخَذَ عُمَرُ بِيَدِهِ فَبَايَعَهُ وَبَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ قَتَلْتُمْ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ قَتَلَهُ اللهُ

[AI] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, the Ansar (the residents of Madinah) appointed their speakers, and one man among them said, "O community of Muhajireen (the migrants)! Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to appoint a man from among you and pair him with a man from us (the Ansar) whenever he assigned a task. So we see that there should be two men to oversee this matter, one from among you and the other from among us." The speakers of the Ansar continued to discuss this matter, and then Zaid ibn Thabit stood up and said, "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ belonged to the Muhajireen, and surely the Imam should be from the Muhajireen, and we are his Ansar, just as we were the Ansar of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Then Abu Bakr stood up and said, "May Allah reward you all, O community of the Ansar, and establish the statement of your spokesperson. Then he said, "If you had done otherwise, we would not have benefited you. Then Zaid ibn Thabit took the hand of Abu Bakr and said, "This is your companion, so pledge allegiance to him. Then they set out." When Abu Bakr sat on the pulpit, he looked at the faces of the people but did not see Ali, so he asked about him. Then some people from the Ansar stood up and brought him. Abu Bakr said, "O Muhammad ibn Ali! Did you intend to split the Muslim community?" Ali answered, "No reproach, O successor of the Messenger of Allah. We pledge allegiance to him." 16539 Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hafiz al-Isfira'ini narrated that Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Hafiz informed us, who narrated that Bundar ibn Bashshar informed him, who narrated from Abu Hisham al-Makhzumi, who narrated from Wahib, who mentioned it in a similar manner. Abu Ali al-Hafiz said, "I heard Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Khuzaymah saying, 'Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj came to me and asked me about this hadith, so I wrote it for him on a piece of parchment and recited it to him. He said, 'Doesn't this hadith equate a carcass with the Battle of Badr?' I said, 'No, rather it equates Badr with a carcass.'"

لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَامَ خُطَبَاءُ الْأَنْصَارِ فَجَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ يَقُولُ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا اسْتَعْمَلَ رَجُلًا مِنْكُمْ قَرَنَ مَعَهُ رَجُلًا مِنَّا فَنَرَى أَنْ يَلِيَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ رَجُلَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا مِنْكُمْ وَالْآخَرُ مِنَّا قَالَ فَتَتَابَعَتْ خُطَبَاءُ الْأَنْصَارِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَقَامَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ؓ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَإِنَّ الْإِمَامَ يَكُونُ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَنَحْنُ أَنْصَارُهُ كَمَا كُنَّا أَنْصَارَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَقَالَ جَزَاكُمُ اللهُ خَيْرًا يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَثَبَّتَ قَائِلَكُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَا لَوْ فَعَلْتُمْ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ لَمَا صَالَحْنَاكُمْ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ بِيَدِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ هَذَا صَاحِبُكُمْ فَبَايَعُوهُ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقُوا فَلَمَّا قَعَدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ نَظَرَ فِي وُجُوهِ الْقَوْمِ فَلَمْ يَرَ عَلِيًّا ؓ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ فَقَامَ نَاسٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَأَتَوْا بِهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ ابْنَ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَخَتَنَهُ أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَشُقَّ عَصَا الْمُسْلِمِينَ؟ فَقَالَ لَا تَثْرِيبَ يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ فبايعه ثُمَّ لَمْ يَرَ الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ ؓ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ حَتَّى جَاءُوا بِهِ فَقَالَ ابْنَ عَمَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَحَوَارِيَّهُ أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَشُقَّ عَصَا الْمُسْلِمِينَ؟ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِهِ لَا تَثْرِيبَ يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهُ فَبَايَعَاهُ 16539 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ الْإِسْفِرَائِينِيُّ ثَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ قَالَا ثَنَا بُنْدَارُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ ثَنَا أَبُو هِشَامٍ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ ثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ قَالَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ يَقُولُ جَاءَنِي مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ فَسَأَلَنِي عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَكَتَبْتُهُ لَهُ فِي رُقْعَةٍ وَقَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ يَسْوِي بَدَنَةً فَقُلْتُ يَسْوِي بَدَنَةً؟ بَلْ هُوَ يَسْوِي بَدْرَةً

[AI] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about a female slave who commits adultery but is not married. He said, "If she commits adultery, flog her. If she commits adultery again, flog her. Then, sell her even if it is for a rope." Ibn Shihab said, "I do not know if the third or fourth time was meant." Abu Ali Ar-Rawzbary informed us that Abu Bakr ibn Dasa narrated to us from Abu Dawud, who narrated from Abdullah ibn Muslimah from Malik, who mentioned it with a similar chain of narration except that he said it was narrated from Abu Hurairah and Zaid ibn Khalid Al-Juhani. He added, "If she commits adultery again, sell her even if it is for a rope." Ibn Shihab said, "I do not know if it was meant for the third or fourth time. The rope refers to a piece of string."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْأَمَةِ إِذَا زَنَتْ وَلَمْ تُحْصَنْ قَالَ إِنْ زَنَتْ فَاجْلِدُوهَا ثُمَّ إِنْ زَنَتْ فَاجْلِدُوهَا ثُمَّ بِيعُوهَا وَلَوْ بِضَفِيرٍ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ لَا أَدْرِي أبَعْدَ الثَّالِثَةِ أَوِ الرَّابِعَةِ 17099 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ مِثْلَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ زَادَ قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنْ زَنَتْ فَبِيعُوهَا وَلَوْ بِضَفِيرٍ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ لَا أَدْرِي فِي الثَّالِثَةِ أَوِ الرَّابِعَةِ وَالضَّفِيرُ الْحَبْلُ

Messenger of Allah ﷺ rode a donkey, equipped with a thick cloth-covering made in Fadak and was riding behind him. He was going to pay visit to Saʿd bin Ubada in Banu Al-Harith bin Al-Khazraj; and this incident happened before the battle of Badr. The Prophet ﷺ passed by a gathering in which ʿAbdullah bin Ubai bin Salul was present, and that was before ʿAbdullah bin Ubai embraced Islam. Behold in that gathering there were people of different religions: there were Muslims, pagans, idol-worshippers and Jews, and in that gathering ʿAbdullah bin Rawaha was also present. When a cloud of dust raised by the donkey reached that gathering, ʿAbdullah bin Ubai covered his nose with his garment and then said, "Do not cover us with dust." Then Messenger of Allah ﷺ greeted them and stopped and dismounted and invited them to Allah (i.e. to embrace Islam) and recited to them the Holy Qur'an. On that, ʿAbdullah bin Ubai bin Saluil said, "O man ! There is nothing better than that what you say. If it is the truth, then do not trouble us with it in our gatherings. Return to your mount (or residence) and if somebody comes to you, relate (your tales) to him." On that ʿAbdullah bin Rawaha said, "Yes, O Allah's Apostle! Bring it (i.e. what you want to say) to us in our gathering, for we love that." So the Muslims, the pagans and the Jews started abusing one another till they were on the point of fighting with one another. The Prophet ﷺ kept on quietening them till they became quiet, whereupon the Prophet rode his animal (mount) and proceeded till he entered upon Saʿd bin Ubada. The Prophet ﷺ said to Saʿd, "Did you not hear what 'Abu Hub-b said?" He meant ʿAbdullah bin Ubai. "He said so-andso." On that Saʿd bin Ubada said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Excuse and forgive him, for by Him Who revealed the Book to you, Allah brought the Truth which was sent to you at the time when the people of this town (i.e. Medina) had decided unanimously to crown him and tie a turban on his head (electing him as chief). But when Allah opposed that (decision) through the Truth which Allah gave to you, he (i.e. ʿAbdullah bin Ubai) was grieved with jealously. and that caused him to do what you have seen." So Messenger of Allah ﷺ excused him, for the Prophet ﷺ and his companions used to forgive the pagans and the people of Scripture as Allah had ordered them, and they used to put up with their mischief with patience. Allah said: "And you shall certainly hear much that will grieve you from those who received the Scripture before you and from the pagans........'(3.186) And Allah also said:--"Many of the people of the Scripture wish if they could turn you away as disbelievers after you have believed, from selfish envy.." (2.109) So the Prophet ﷺ used to stick to the principle of forgiveness for them as long as Allah ordered him to do so till Allah permitted fighting them. So when Messenger of Allah ﷺ fought the battle of Badr and Allah killed the nobles of Quraish infidels through him, Ibn Ubai bin Salul and the pagans and idolaters who were with him, said, "This matter (i.e. Islam) has appeared (i.e. became victorious)." So they gave the pledge of allegiance (for embracing Islam) to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and became Muslims. (Using translation from Bukhārī 4566)

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ رَكِبَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ عَلَى إِكَافٍ عَلَى قَطِيفَةٍ فَدَكِيَّةٍ وَأَرْدَفَ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ وَرَاءَهُ يَعُودُ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ فِي بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ قَبْلَ وَقْعَةِ بَدْرٍ فَسَارَ حَتَّى مَرَّ بِمَجْلِسٍ فِيهِ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسْلِمَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ فَإِذَا بِالْمَجْلِسِ رِجَالٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ عَبْدَةِ الْأَوْثَانِ وَالْيَهُودِ وَفِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فَلَمَّا غَشِيَتِ الْمَجْلِسَ عَجَاجَةُ الدَّابَّةِ خَمَّرَ ابْنُ أُبَيٍّ أَنْفَهُ بِرِدَائِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَا تُغَبِّرُوا عَلَيْنَا فَسَلَّمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ثُمَّ وَقَفَ فَنَزَلَ فَدَعَاهُمْ إِلَى اللهِ ﷻ وَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقُرْآنَ قَالَ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ أَيُّهَا الْمَرْءُ إِنَّهُ لَا أَحْسَنَ مِمَّا تَقُولُ إِنْ كَانَ حَقًّا فَلَا تُؤْذِنَا بِهِ فِي مَجْلِسِنَا ارْجِعْ إِلَى رَحْلِكَ فَمَنْ جَاءَكَ فَاقْصُصْ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَاغْشَنَا بِهِ فِي مَجَالِسِنَا فَإِنَّا نُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ فَاسْتَبَّ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ وَالْيَهُودُ حَتَّى كَادُوا يَتَثَاوَرُونَ فَلَمْ يَزَلِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُخَفِّضُهُمْ حَتَّى سَكَتُوا ثُمَّ رَكِبَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ دَابَّتَهُ فَسَارَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ ؓ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَا سَعْدُ أَلَمْ تَسْمَعْ مَا قَالَ أَبُو حُبَابٍ يُرِيدُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أُبَيٍّ قَالَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اعْفُ عَنْهُ وَاصْفَحْ فَوَالَّذِي أَنْزَلَ الْكِتَابَ لَقَدْ جَاءَ اللهُ بِالْحَقِّ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْكَ وَلَقَدِ اصْطَلَحَ أَهْلُ هَذِهِ الْبُحَيْرَةِ عَلَى أَنْ يُتَوِّجُوهُ فَيُعَصِّبُوهُ فَلَمَّا رَدَّ اللهُ ذَلِكَ بِالْحَقِّ الَّذِي أَعْطَاكَ شَرَّقَ بِذَلِكَ فَذَلِكَ فَعَلَ بِهِ مَا رَأَيْتَ فَعَفَا عَنْهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَكَانَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ يَعْفُونَ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ كَمَا أَمَرَهُمُ اللهُ ﷻ وَيَصْبِرُونَ عَلَى الْأَذَى قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ {وَلَتَسْمَعُنَّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ وَمِنَ الَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا أَذًى كَثِيرًا وَإِنْ تَصْبِرُوا وَتَتَّقُوا فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ الْأُمُورِ} [آل عمران 186] وَقَالَ اللهُ {وَدَّ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ لَوْ يَرُدُّونَكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ إِيمَانِكُمْ كُفَّارًا حَسَدًا مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الْحَقُّ فَاعْفُوا وَاصْفَحُوا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ اللهُ بِأَمْرِهِ إِنَّ اللهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ} [البقرة 109] وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَتَأَوَّلُ فِي الْعَفْوِ مَا أَمَرَ اللهُ بِهِ حَتَّى أُذِنَ لَهُمْ فِيهِمْ فَلَمَّا غَزَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَدْرًا فَقَتَلَ اللهُ بِهِ مَنْ قَتَلَ مِنْ صَنَادِيدِ كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ قَالَ ابْنُ أُبَيٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ عَبْدَةِ الْأَوْثَانِ هَذَا أَمْرٌ قَدْ تَوَجَّهَ فَبَايَعُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ

[AI] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Anyone who sees Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf, then he has indeed harmed Allah and His Messenger." Muhammad ibn Muslimah said to him, "Would you like me to kill him, O Messenger of Allah?" He said, "Yes." He said, "I am loyal to him, O Messenger of Allah. So allow me to speak to him." He said, "Speak." So Muhammad ibn Muslimah went to him and said, "This man has taken our charity from us and he has caused us harm, and we have grown tired of him." The evil one, when he heard this, said, "By Allah, I will certainly ensnare him, or he will be ensnared by me, and I know that your affairs will come to this." He said, "We cannot submit him until we see what he has done, and we dislike leaving him after we have followed him, until we see what will become of him." He said, "I have come to ask you for a loan." He said, "Yes, on the condition that you pledge your women to me." Muhammad said, "We will pledge our women to you, and you are the most handsome of the Arabs?" He said, "What about your children?" Muhammad said, "They will be insulted by people, as our children were in pledge to him through begging. And perhaps he will say that the son of one of us is pledged by begging." He said, "Then what will you pledge?" He said, "We will pledge our servant, meaning the weapon." He said, "Yes." So he made an appointment with him to meet, and Muhammad returned to his companions. He went to him with Abu Na'ilah, who was the brother of Ka'b through breastfeeding, and two other men. He said, "I have a hold of his head. When I put my hand on his head, then hold him down." So they approached him at night, and Muhammad called out to him, saying, "O Abu al-Ashraf!" His wife said, "Where are you going at this hour?" He said, "This is Muhammad ibn Muslimah and my brother Abu Na'ilah coming to me." So Muhammad entered, wearing one garment from which a pleasant fragrance emanated. He said to him, "How good is your body, and how delightful is your scent." He said, "I have the daughter of so-and-so, and she is the most fragrant of the Arabs." He said, "May I be permitted to smell her?" He said, "Yes." So Muhammad put his hand in her head, and then said, "May I be permitted to smell my companions?" He said, "Yes." So Muhammad put his hand in his own head and then smelled his companions. Then he put his hand in his head again, and then in his head for the second time, until he felt secure. Then he tightly gripped his head, and his companions attacked him and killed him. Then Muhammad went to the Messenger of Allah and informed him.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ لِكَعْبِ بْنِ الْأَشْرَفِ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ آذَى اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ أَتُحِبُّ أَنْ أَقْتُلَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَنَا لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَأْذَنْ لِي أَنْ أَقُولَ قَالَ قُلْ فَأَتَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ قَدْ أَخَذَنَا بِالصَّدَقَةِ وَقَدْ عَنَّانَا وَقَدْ مَلِلْنَا مِنْهُ فَقَالَ الْخَبِيثُ لَمَّا سَمِعَهَا وَأَيْضًا وَاللهِ لَتَمَلُّنَّهُ أَوْ لَتَمَلُّنُّ مِنْهُ وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ أَمْرَكُمْ سَيَصِيرُ إِلَى هَذَا قَالَ إِنَّا لَا نَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ نُسْلِمَهُ حَتَّى نَنْظُرَ مَا فَعَلَ وَإِنَّا نَكْرَهُ أَنْ نَدَعَهُ بَعْدَ أَنِ اتَّبَعْنَاهُ حَتَّى نَنْظُرَ إِلَى أِيِّ شَيْءٍ يَصِيرُ أَمْرُهُ وَقَدْ جِئْتُكَ لِتُسْلِفَنِي تَمْرًا قَالَ نَعَمْ عَلَى أَنْ تَرْهَنُونِي نِسَاءَكُمْ قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ نَرْهَنُكَ نِسَاءَنَا وَأَنْتَ أَجْمَلُ الْعَرَبِ؟ قَالَ فَأَوْلَادَكُمْ قَالَ فَيُعَيِّرُ النَّاسُ أَوْلَادَنَا أَنَّا رَهَنَّاهُمْ بِوَسْقٍ أَوْ وَسْقَيْنِ وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ فَيُسَبُّ ابْنُ أَحَدِنَا فَيُقَالُ رُهِنَ بِوَسْقٍ أَوْ وَسْقَيْنِ قَالَ فَأِيُّ شَيْءٍ تَرْهَنُونَ؟ قَالَ نَرْهَنُكَ اللَّأْمَةَ يَعْنِي السِّلَاحَ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَوَاعَدَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ فَرَجَعَ مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَأَقْبَلَ وَأَقْبَلَ مَعَهُ أَبُو نَائِلَةَ وَهُوَ أَخُو كَعْبٍ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ وَجَاءَ مَعَهُ رَجُلَانِ آخَرَانِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي مُسْتَمْكِنٌ مِنْ رَأْسِهِ فَإِذَا أَدْخَلْتُ يَدِي فِي رَأْسِهِ فَدُونَكُمُ الرَّجُلَ فَجَاؤُوهُ لَيْلًا وَأَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ فَقَامُوا فِي ظِلِّ النَّخْلِ وَأَتَاهُ مُحَمَّدٌ فَنَادَاهُ يَا أَبَا الْأَشْرَفِ فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ أَيْنَ تَخْرُجُ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ؟ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ وَأَخِي أَبُو نَائِلَةَ فَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِ مُلْتَحِفًا فِي ثَوْبِ وَاحِدٍ تَنْفَحُ مِنْهُ رِيحُ الطِّيبِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُحَمَّدٌ مَا أَحْسَنَ جِسْمَكَ وَأَطْيَبَ رِيحَكَ قَالَ إِنَّ عِنْدِي ابْنَةَ فُلَانٍ وَهِيَ أَعْطَرُ الْعَرَبِ قَالَ فَتَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ أَشُمَّهُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَدْخَلَ مُحَمَّدٌ يَدَهُ فِي رَأْسِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَتَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ أُشِمَّ أَصْحَابِي؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَدْخَلَهَا فِي رَأْسِهِ فَأَشَمَّ أَصْحَابَهُ ثُمَّ أَدْخَلَهَا مَرَّةً أُخْرَى فِي رَأْسِهِ حَتَّى أَمِنَهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ شَبَّكَ يَدَهُ فِي رَأْسِهِ فَنَصَاهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ دُونَكُمْ عَدُوَّ اللهِ فَخَرَجُوا عَلَيْهِ فَقَتَلُوهُ ثُمَّ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَخْبَرَهُ

[AI] And recite this verse: "And whoever allies himself with them from among you, then indeed, he is one of them." [Al-Ma'idah 51] And Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, narrating from Abu Bakr ibn Balwayh, narrating from Ahmad ibn Ali Al-Jazzaar, narrating from Khalid ibn Khidash, narrating from Abdullah ibn Wahb, who informed me, Malik, from Thawr ibn Zaid, from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas, who mentioned it in a similar manner. Abu Zakariyya ibn Abi Ishaq and Abu Bakr ibn Al Hassan narrated to us, narrating from Abu Al Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, who was informed by Rabi'a ibn Sulaiman, who was informed by Al-Shafi'i, who said, "By the one whose narration is known regarding the permissibility of their slaughtered animals, it is indeed a narration from Ikrimah." Ibn Al Darawardi and Ibn Abi Yahya narrated it from Thawr Al-Dili, from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas, that he was asked about the slaughtered animals of the Christian Arabs, and he answered with a statement attributed to him: "It is permissible." And recite: "And whoever allies himself with them from among you, then indeed, he is one of them." [Al-Ma'idah 51]. However, our companion, may Allah have mercy on him, remained silent regarding the names of Ikrimah and Thawr ibn Zaid. Ibn Abbas did not mention them in most of the narrations from him, as if he did not see them as means of evidence. And Thawr Al-Dili, it is only through him that this narration is known.

وَتَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ} [المائدة 51] 18803 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ بَالَوَيْهِ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَزَّارُ ثنا خَالِدُ بْنُ خِدَاشٍ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكٌ عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ 18804 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ قَالَ وَالَّذِي يُرْوَى مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي إِحْلَالِ ذَبَائِحِهِمْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عِكْرِمَةَ أَخْبَرَنِيهِ ابْنُ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيِّ وَابْنُ أَبِي يَحْيَى عَنْ ثَوْرٍ الدِّيلِيِّ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ ذَبَائِحِ نَصَارَى الْعَرَبِ فَقَالَ قَوْلًا حَكَيَاهُ هُوَ إِحْلَالُهَا وَتَلَا {وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ} [المائدة 51] وَلَكِنَّ صَاحِبَنَا سَكَتَ عَنِ اسْمِ عِكْرِمَةَ وَثَوْرٌ لَمْ يَلْقَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ يَعْنِي بِصَاحِبِنَا مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ عِكْرِمَةَ فِي أَكْثَرِ الرِّوَايَاتِ عَنْهُ وَكَأَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَرَى أَنْ يُحْتَجَّ بِهِ وَثَوْرٌ الدِّيلِيُّ إِنَّمَا

[AI] "Allah's Messenger ﷺ forbade the polytheistic Quraish from the agreement that He made with them on the day of Hudaybiyah, wherein Allah revealed what He decided between them. Urwah bin Zubair informed me that he heard Marwan bin Al-Hakam and Miswar bin Makhrama narrating about the Companions of Allah's Messenger ﷺ. They said that when the Messenger ﷺ appointed Suhail bin Amr to act as a scribe, Suhail bin Amr stipulated a condition to the Messenger ﷺ that none of us should come to you, even if they were upon your religion, except that you send them back to us. So the believers disliked this and they protested against it or used other words. Imam Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, said that our sheikh did not mention this statement and its narration is in a different version. They persisted, and so the Messenger ﷺ wrote to Abu Jandal that day and returned him to his father, Suhail bin Amr, and no one else among the men was returned during that time, even if they were Muslims. The believing women came and Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Uqbah bin Abu Mu'ayt, who had come out to the Messenger ﷺ that day while she was in bondage, (her family) came to ask the Messenger ﷺ to return her to them, but he did not return her to them due to what Allah revealed about them (the believing women) in the Qur'an: 'When believing women come to you, giving you a pledge (concerning their behavior and conduct under Islam), that they will not associate anything with Allah, nor steal, nor commit unlawful sexual intercourse, nor kill their children' (Al-Mumtahinah 10). Urwah said that 'Aishah informed me that Allah's Messenger ﷺ used to test them (the believing women) through this Ayah: 'O Prophet, when believing women come to you giving you a pledge…' (Al-Mumtahinah 12). Urwah said that 'Aishah said: whoever accepted this condition among them, the Messenger ﷺ would say to her, 'I have pledged allegiance to you with a word that I speak to you with, and by Allah, never has the hand of a woman been shaken in allegiance by mine.' He would only accept their pledge of allegiance by verbal agreement."

اللهِ ﷺ مُشْرِكِي قُرَيْشٍ عَلَى الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي جَعَلَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فِيمَا قَضَى بِهِ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مَرْوَانَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ وَالْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ يُخْبِرَانِ عَنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا كَاتَبَ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو يَوْمَئِذٍ كَانَ فِيمَا اشْتَرَطَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ لَا يَأْتِيكَ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَلَى دِينِكَ إِلَّا رَدَدْتَهُ إِلَيْنَا فَخَلَّيْتَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ فَكَرِهَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ ذَلِكَ وَأَلْغَطُوا بِهِ أَوْ قَالَ كَلِمَةً أُخْرَى قَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ لَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْخُنَا هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَةَ وَرِوَايَتُهُ فِي نُسْخَةٍ وَامْتَعَظُوا وَأَبَى سُهَيْلٌ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ فَكَاتَبَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَرَدَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَبَا جَنْدَلٍ إِلَى أَبِيهِ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَلَمْ يَأْتِهِ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ إِلَّا رَدَّهُ فِي تِلْكَ الْمُدَّةِ وَإِنْ كَانَ مُسْلِمًا وَجَاءَتِ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ كُلْثُومٍ بِنْتُ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ مِمَّنْ خَرَجَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَهِيَ عَاتِقٌ فَجَاءَ أَهْلُهَا يَسْأَلُونَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُرْجِعَهَا إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَمْ يُرْجِعْهَا إِلَيْهِمْ لِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فِيهِنَّ {إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ فَامْتَحِنُوهُنَّ اللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَانِهِنَّ فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ فَلَا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ لَا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّ} [الممتحنة 10] قَالَ عُرْوَةُ فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ ؓ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَمْتَحِنُهُنَّ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ عَلَى أَنْ لَا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَسْرِقْنَ وَلَا يَزْنِينَ وَلَا يَقْتُلْنَ أَوْلَادَهُنَّ} [الممتحنة 12] الْآيَةَ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ فَمَنْ أَقَرَّ بِهَذَا الشَّرْطِ مِنْهُنَّ قَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ بَايَعْتُكِ كَلَامًا يُكَلِّمُهَا بِهِ وَاللهِ مَا مَسَّتْ يَدُهُ يَدَ امْرَأَةٍ قَطُّ فِي الْمُبَايَعَةِ مَا بَايَعَهُنَّ إِلَّا بِقَوْلِهِ

[AI] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade and Abu al-Hasan 'Ali ibn Muhammad al-Muqri reported that al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Ishaq narrated to us, Yusuf ibn Ya'qub narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Kathir narrated to us, Sufyan narrated to us, 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Abis ibn Rabiah narrated from his father 'Abis ibn Rabiah that he said, "It was said to 'Aishah, 'Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbid the eating of sacrificial meat after three days?' She said, 'He only forbade it once in a year when the people were hungry from it and he intended to feed the rich and poor. We used to keep the humps for fifteen days and then eat it.' I then asked, 'Why did you do that?' She laughed and said, 'The household of Muhammad ﷺ did not get full with the bread made of barley continuously for three days until he met Allah ﷻ.'

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نَهَى ح وأنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِي أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ ثنا سُفْيَانُ ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَابِسِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَابِسِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ قِيلَ لِعَائِشَةَ ؓ أَنَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُؤْكَلَ لُحُومُ الْأَضَاحِيِّ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ؟ قَالَتْ مَا نَهَى عَنْهُ إِلَّا مَرَّةً فِي عَامٍ جَاعَ النَّاسُ مِنْهُ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يُطْعِمَ الْغَنِيُّ الْفَقِيرَ وَلَقَدْ كُنَّا نُخْرِجُ الْكُرَاعَ بَعْدَ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ فَنَأْكُلُهُ فَقُلْتُ وَلِمَ تَفْعَلُونَ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ فَضَحِكَتْ وَقَالَتْ مَا شَبِعَ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ مِنْ خُبْزِ بُرٍّ مَأْدُومٍ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ حَتَّى لَحِقَ بِاللهِ ﷻ

[AI] Did you hear that from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ? He replied, "Yes." And Abu Zakariya bin Abi Ishaq, Abu Bakr bin al-Hasan, and Abu Sa'id bin Abi 'Amr informed us, they said: Abu al-'Abbas, who is the deaf one, narrated to us that Rabi' bin Sulayman narrated to us from al-Shafi'i, who narrated from Muslim and Abdul Majid and 'Ubaidullah bin al-Harith, from Ibn Juraij, who mentioned it in its meaning. Abu Sa'id added in his narration, al-Shafi'i said, "The meat of hyenas is not sold in Makkah except between Safa and Marwa." Abu al-Husayn bin Bishran al-'Adl informed us in Baghdad, Abu al-Hasan 'Ali bin Muhammad al-Misri narrated to us, 'Ubaidullah bin Sa'id bin 'Ufair narrated to us from 'Abdullah bin Salih, from al-Layth bin Sa'd, he said: 'Abdullah bin Wahb narrated to me from Ibn Juraij. He also narrated from 'Ali, Ahmad bin Hammad narrated, Ibn Abi Maryam narrated, Yahya bin Ayyub narrated to me, Ismail bin Umayyah and Ibn Juraij, and Jarir bin Hazim, that 'Abdullah bin 'Ubayd bin 'Umair narrated to them. 'Abd al-Rahman bin Abi 'Ammar informed me that he asked Jabir bin 'Abdullah about the hyena, and he mentioned it in its manner.

أَسَمِعْتَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ 19384 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالُوا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ هُوَ الْأَصَمُّ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ أنبأ مُسْلِمٌ وَعَبْدُ الْمَجِيدِ وَعُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ زَادَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَمَا يُبَاعُ لَحْمُ الضِّبَاعِ بِمَكَّةَ إِلَّا بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ 19385 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمِصْرِيُّ ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عُفَيْرٍ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ثنا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ حَدَّثَهُ ح وَقَالَ وأنبأ عَلِيٌّ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ حَدَّثَنِي إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ وَابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ وَجَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ حَدَّثَهُمْ أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمَّارٍ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ ؓ عَنِ الضَّبُعِ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ

[AI] Bin al-Walid narrated that they both entered the house of Maymuna with the Prophet Muhammad. A roasted lizard was brought, and the Messenger of Allah inclined towards it with his hand. Some of the women in the house of Maymuna said, "Inform the Messenger of Allah about what he wants to eat." They said, "It is a lizard, O Messenger of Allah." So, the Messenger of Allah raised his hand, and I said, "Is it haram?" He said, "No, but it was not found in my people's land, so I find it repulsive." Khalid said, "So I repeated it and ate it, and the Messenger of Allah observed."

بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ ؓ أَنَّهُمَا دَخَلَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بَيْتَ مَيْمُونَةَ فَأُتِيَ بِضَبٍّ مَحْنُوذٍ فَأَهْوَى إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ النِّسْوَةِ اللَّاتِي فِي بَيْتِ مَيْمُونَةَ أَخْبِرُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ فَقَالُوا هُوَ ضَبٌّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدَهُ فَقُلْتُ أَحَرَامٌ هُوَ؟ فَقَالَ لَا وَلَكِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِأَرْضِ قَوْمِي فَأَجِدُنِي أَعَافُهُ قَالَ خَالِدٌ فَاجْتَرَرْتُهُ فَأَكَلْتُهُ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَنْظُرُ 19413 أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْقَاضِي ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ هُوَ الْقَعْنَبِيُّ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ بْنِ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ ؓ أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْتَ مَيْمُونَةَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِمِثْلِهِ

[AI] "I came to the messenger of Allah ﷺ in a group of Ash'ariyyin, requesting to carry him. He said, 'By Allah, I will not have you carry me, and I have nothing that I can rely on to make you carry me.' We waited as Allah willed, and then he was brought three young she-camels. He ordered us to ride on them. When we started, we said to each other, 'May Allah not bless us. We came to the messenger of Allah ﷺ requesting to carry him, and he swore not to have us carry him, but he did.' So we informed him, and he said, 'I did not carry you. Rather, Allah carried you. By Allah, if Allah wills, I will not swear an oath on something and then see something else better than it except that I will make atonement for my oath and come to what is better.'" This is the hadith of Khalaf.

أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي رَهْطٍ مِنَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّينَ نَسْتَحْمِلُهُ قَالَ وَاللهِ لَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ وَمَا عِنْدِي مَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ فَلَبِثْنَا مَا شَاءَ اللهُ ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِإِبِلٍ فَأَمَرَ لَنَا بِثَلَاثِ ذَوْدٍ غُرِّ الذُّرَى فَلَمَّا انْطَلَقْنَا قُلْنَا أَوْ قَالَ بَعْضُنَا لِبَعْضٍ لَا يُبَارِكُ اللهُ لَنَا أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ نَسْتَحْمِلُهُ فَحَلَفَ أَنْ لَا يَحْمِلَنَا ثُمَّ حَمَلَنَا فَأَتَوْهُ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ فَقَالَ مَا أَنَا حَمَلْتُكُمْ وَلَكِنَّ اللهَ حَمَلَكُمْ إِنِّي وَاللهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ لَا أَحْلِفُ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَأَرَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا إِلَّا كَفَّرْتُ يَمِينِي وَأَتَيْتُ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ هَذَا حَدِيثُ خَلَفٍ

[AI] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me, "O Abdullah bin Samurah, do not ask for leadership, for if you are given it because of asking, you will be held accountable for it. And if you are given it without asking, you will be aided in it. And if you are sworn in an oath and then see something better than it, expiate for your oath and go to what is better."

قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ سَمُرَةَ لَا تَسْأَلِ الْإِمَارَةَ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ أُعْطِيتَهَا عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ وُكِلْتَ إِلَيْهَا وَإِنْ أُعْطِيتَهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ أُعِنْتَ عَلَيْهَا وَإِذَا حَلَفْتَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَيْتَ غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ وَائْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ

[AI] I gave my pledge of allegiance to the Prophet ﷺ , and there remained with him a group of people. I promised him that I would bring them to him in that place. He said, "I am waiting for you here from three days ago." He mentioned this with regard to Abdullah ibn Shaaqiq, narrated from his father. And Abu Abdullah al-Haafiz, Abu Bakr al-Qaadi, and Abu Abdullah al-Sulami narrated from Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, narrated from Abu Umayyah, narrated from Muhammad ibn Sinaan al-Basri, narrated from Ibrahim ibn Tahman, narrated from Budayl ibn Maisarah, narrated from Abdul Kareem, narrated from Abdullah ibn Shaaqiq, narrated from his father, narrated from Abdullah ibn Abi al-Hamsa. He said, "I gave my pledge of allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ before he was sent as a prophet." And he mentioned this narration in its essence. And Abu Ali al-Rudhbari narrated from Abu Bakr ibn Dassah, narrated from Abu Dawood, narrated from Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Naysaburi, narrated from Muhammad ibn Sinaan, and he mentioned this narration. Abu Dawood said, "Muhammad ibn Yahya said, 'This is attributed to Abdul Kareem ibn Abdullah ibn Shaaqiq.' Sheikh Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, narrated it. And Ibrahim ibn Hane' narrated it from Muhammad ibn Sinaan, and he said it was narrated by Mu'adh ibn Hane' from Ibrahim ibn Tahman, and there was no doubt about Abdullah ibn Abi al-Hamsa."

بَايَعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَبَقِيَتْ لَهُ بَقِيَّةٌ فَوَعَدْتُهُ أَنْ آتِيَهُ بِهَا فِي مَكَانِهِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَنَسِيتُهُ يَوْمِي ذَاكَ وَالْغَدَ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ وَهُوَ فِي مَكَانِهِ فَقَالَ لِي يَا فَتًى لَقَدْ شَقَقْتَ عَلَيَّ أَنَا هَهُنَا مِنْ ثَلَاثٍ أَنْتَظِرُكَ هَكَذَا قَالَ فِي عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ 20836 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ الْقَاضِي وَأَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ قَالُوا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَبُو أُمَيَّةَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ الْبَصْرِيُّ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ عَنْ بُدَيْلِ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحَمْسَاءِ قَالَ بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِبَيْعٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُبْعَثَ فَذَكَرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ بِمَعْنَاهُ 20837 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَهْ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ فَذَكَرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى هَذَا عِنْدَنَا عَبْدُ الْكَرِيمِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَدُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَرَوَاهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ هَانِئٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ فَقَالَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحَمْسَاءِ أَوِ الْحَمْسَاءِ بِالشَّكِّ وَرَوَاهُ مُعَاذُ بْنُ هَانِئٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ طَهْمَانَ وَلَمْ يَشُكَّ فِي عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحَمْسَاءِ

بَعَثَنا رَسُولُ الله ﷺ في سَرِيَّة إِلَى أنْعم (") فَلَقِيَنَا عَامِرُ بْنُ الأضبطِ، فَحَيَّا بتَحِيَّةِ الإِسْلاَمِ، فَفَزَعْنَا عَنْهُ وَحَملَ عَلَيْهِ مُحَلَّمُ (* ) بْنُ جَثَّامَةَ فَقَتَلَهُ، فَلَمَّا قَتَلَهُ سَلَبَهُ بَعيرًا لَهُ وَاهِبَ ( * ) وَمُتَيِّعًا ( * * *) كَانَ لَهُ، فَلما قَدِمْنَا جئْنا بشأنِه إِلَى النَّبِىِّ ﷺ ، فَأخْبَرْنَاه بِأمْرِه، فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِه الآيَة: {يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا ضَرَبْتُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَتَبَيَّنُوا} الآية قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ فَأَخْبَرَنى مُحمدُ ابنُ جَعْفَر عَنْ زَيْد بْنِ ضَمِرة قَالَ: حدثنِى أَبِى، وَعَمِّى - وَكَانَا شهِدا حُنَيْنًا مَعَ رَسُولِ الله ﷺ قَالاَ: صَلى رَسُولُ الله ﷺ الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ الأقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ وَهُوَ سيِّدُ صِدْقٍ يرد عَنْ أمِّ مُحَلَّمٍ، وَقَامَ عُيينة بْنُ حِصْنٍ يَطلُبُ بِدَم عَامِرِ بْنِ الأضْبَطِ القَيْسِى، وَكَانَ أشْجَعَنَا، قَالَ: فَسَمِعْتُ عُيَيْنَةَ بْنَ حِصْنٍ يَقُولُ: لأذِيقنَّ نِسَاءَهُ منَ الحزْنِ مثْلَ مَا ذَاقَ نِسَائى فَقَالَ النبي ﷺ : يَقْبَلُونَ الديةَ، فَأبوا، فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ من بَنِى لَيثٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ مُكَيتل فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ الله والله مَا شَبَّهْتُ هَذَا القَتِيلَ في غرة الإِسْلاَمِ إلَّا نُعَيْمَ بْنَ وردت [كغنم وردت] فَرُمِيتْ أولاها فنفرت أُخْرَاهَا [اسنن] اليَوْم وَغَيْر غَدا، فَقالَ النَّبِىُّ ﷺ : بِدَمِهِ لَكُمْ خَمْسُونَ في سَفَرِنَا هَذَا، وَخَمْسُونَ إِذَا رَجَعْنَا، فَقَبِلُوا الدِّيةَ، فَقَالُوا ايتُوا بِصَاحبِكُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُ رَسُولُ الله ﷺ ، فَجئَ به وَعَلَيْه حُلَّةٌ قَدْ تَهيأَ فيهَا لِلقَتْلِ حَتى أجْلَسني - بَيْنَ يَدَيْه - النَّبِىُّ ﷺ ، فَقَالَ ما اسْمُكَ؟ قالَ محلم بنُ جُثَامَةَ، فَقَالَ النَّبىُّ ﷺ وَوَصَفَ أَنَّهُ رَفَعَهُما، اللَّهُمَّ لاَ تَغْفِر لمحلِمَ بْن جُثَامَةَ، قَالَ: فَتَحدثْنَا بَيْنَنَا أنَّهُ إِنَّما أَظهَرَ هَذَا وَقَدْ اسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ في السِّرِّ، قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، فَأَخْبَرَنِى عمروُ بنُ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ الحَسَنِ قَالَ: قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ الله ﷺ : آمَنْتُ بِالله ثُمَّ قَتَلهُ [أمَنْتَه بالله ثم قتلته]، فَوَ الله مَا مَكَثَ إِلَّا سَبْعَ لَيَالٍ حتَّى مَاتَ محلم، قَالَ: فَسَمِعْتُ الحَسَنَ يَحْلفُ بِالله لَدُفْن ثَلاَت مَراتٍ، كُلَّ تَلفِظهُ الأرْضُ، فَجَعَلُوهُ بِيْنَ صَدى [صُدَّين] جَبَل وَرَضَمُوا عَلَيْهِ منَ الحِجَارَةِ فَأَكَلَتْهُ السِّبَاعُ، فَذَكَرُوا أَمْرَهُ لِرَسُولِ الله ﷺ فَقَالَ: أَما والله إِنّ الأرْضَ لَتُطبِقُ عَلَى مَنْ هُوَ شَرٌّ مِنْه، وَلَكنْ الله أَرادَ أَنْ يحرمَكُمْ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ (ولكن الله أراد أن يَعِظَكُمْ في حُرْم ما بينكم بما أراكم منه)