[Machine] Do you see the one who counted the grains of sand in a single remedy, a number that cannot be counted even in half and a half and a third? When half and half are gone, where is the place for the third? So Zufar said to him, "O Abu Abbas, who was the first to prioritize the obligations?" He said, "Umar ibn Al-Khattab." He asked, "And why?" He said, "When they argued with him and some of them rode on top of the others." He said, "By Allah, I do not know how to deal with you. By Allah, I do not know which of you came first and which of you came later." He said, "And I find nothing in this wealth better than to divide it among you proportionally." Then Ibn Abbas said, "By the oath of Allah, if those who came first were rewarded and those who came later were delayed, no obligation would be left." So Zufar asked him, "Which of them came first and which of them came later?" He said, "Every obligation does not disappear except by another obligation. So the one that Allah prioritized is the one that comes first. And for the husband, he has half. If that disappears, it becomes quarter and it does not decrease from it. And for the wife, she has a quarter, and if it disappears from her, it becomes an eighth and it does not decrease from it. And for the sisters, they have two-thirds and the one has half. If the daughters inherit them, they receive what remains. So those are the ones whom Allah delayed. If He had given the one whom Allah prioritized a complete obligation and then divided what remains among those whom Allah delayed proportionally, no obligation would be left." Zufar then asked him, "What stopped you from stating this opinion to Umar?" He said, "I feared him, by Allah." Ibn Ishaq said, Az-Zuhri told me, "By the oath of Allah, if it was not for the fact that the Imam of guidance preceded him, his matter would have been based on caution." The two scholars of knowledge did not differ regarding Ibn Abbas.  

تَرَوْنَ الَّذِي أَحْصَى رَمْلَ عَالِجٍ عَدَدًا لَمْ يُحْصِ فِي مَالٍ نِصْفًا وَنِصْفًا وَثُلُثًا إِذَا ذَهَبَ نِصْفٌ وَنِصْفٌ فَأَيْنَ مَوْضِعُ الثُّلُثِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ زُفَرُ يَا أَبَا عَبَّاسٍ مَنْ أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَعَالَ الْفَرَائِضَ؟ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ قَالَ وَلِمَ؟ قَالَ لَمَّا تَدَافَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَرَكِبَ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا قَالَ وَاللهِ مَا أَدْرِي كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ بِكُمْ وَاللهِ مَا أَدْرِي أَيُّكُمْ قَدَّمَ اللهُ وَلَا أَيُّكُمْ أَخَّرَ قَالَ وَمَا أَجِدُ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ شَيْئًا أَحْسَنَ مِنْ أَنْ أقْسِمَهُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحِصَصِ ثُمَّ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَايْمُ اللهِ لَوْ قَدَّمَ مَنْ قَدَّمَ اللهُ وَأَخَّرَ مَنْ أَخَّرَ اللهُ مَا عَالَتْ فَرِيضَةٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ زُفَرُ وَأَيَّهُمْ قَدَّمَ وَأَيَّهُمْ أَخَّرَ؟ فَقَالَ كُلُّ فَرِيضَةٍ لَا تَزُولُ إِلَّا إِلَى فَرِيضَةٍ فَتِلْكَ الَّتِي قَدَّمَ اللهُ وَتِلْكَ فَرِيضَةٌ الزَّوْجُ لَهُ النِّصْفُ فَإِنْ زَالَ فَإِلَى الرُّبُعِ لَا يَنْقُصُ مِنْه وَالْمَرْأَةُ لَهَا الرُّبُعُ فَإِنْ زَالَتْ عَنْهُ صَارَتْ إِلَى الثُّمُنِ لَا تَنْقُصُ مِنْهُ وَالْأَخَوَاتُ لَهُنَّ الثُّلُثَانِ وَالْوَاحِدَةُ لَهَا النِّصْفُ فَإِنْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِنَّ الْبَنَاتُ كَانَ لَهُنَّ مَا بَقِيَ فَهَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ أَخَّرَ اللهُ فَلَوْ أَعْطَى مَنْ قَدَّمَ اللهُ فَرِيضَةً كَامِلَةً ثُمَّ قَسَمَ مَا يَبْقَى بَيْنَ مَنْ أَخَّرَ اللهُ بِالْحِصَصِ مَا عَالَتْ فَرِيضَةٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ زُفَرُ فَمَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُشِيرَ بِهَذَا الرَّأْيِ عَلَى عُمَرَ؟ فَقَالَ هِبْتُهُ وَاللهِ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ فَقَالَ لِيَ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَايْمُ اللهِ لَوْلَا أَنَّهُ تَقَدَّمَهُ إِمَامُ هُدًى كَانَ أَمْرُهُ عَلَى الْوَرَعِ مَا اخْتَلَفَ عَلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ اثْنَانِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ