[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , would send out a military expedition, they would distribute one-fifth of the booty. He would take a fifth of that fifth and recite the verse, "And know that whatever you obtain of war booty - indeed, for Allah is one fifth of it" until the phrase "to Allah." He would make the share of Allah and the share of the Messenger one. He would make these two shares a force in horses and weapons. He would not give anyone other than orphans, the poor, and travelers anything from these two shares. He would allocate two portions of the remaining four portions for the horse, one portion for its rider, and one portion for the foot soldier.  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً فَغَنِمُوا خَمَّسَ الْغَنِيمَةَ فَضَرَبَ ذَلِكَ الْخُمُسَ فِي خَمْسَةٍ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {لِلَّهِ} مِفْتَاحِ كَلَامٍ {لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ} فَجَعَلَ سَهْمَ اللهِ وَسَهْمَ الرَّسُولِ وَاحِدًا {وَلِذِي الْقُرْبَى} فَجَعَلَ هَذَيْنِ السَّهْمَيْنِ قُوَّةً فِي الْخَيْلِ وَالسِّلَاحِ وَجَعَلَ سَهْمَ الْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ إِلَّا يُعْطِيهِ غَيْرَهَمْ وَجَعَلَ الْأَرْبَعَةَ الْأَسْهُمَ الْبَاقِيَةَ لِلْفَرَسِ سَهْمَيْنِ وَلِرَاكِبِهِ سَهْمٌ وَلِلرَّاجِلِ سَهْمٌ