Caution: Translations of Quran and Ḥadīth may lead to possible misapplications and misinterpretations. This site is intended for students of sacred knowledge that are proficient in comprehending classical Arabic and have a strong foundation in Islamic sciences. Also note that religious injunctions rely on several aspects beyond what one may glean through reading individual aḥādīth.
suyuti:2-1639bʿUmar Nh Ktb Lá Abá Mwsá al-Shʿrá n Ṣal al-Ẓhr n Zāght al-Shms And al-ʿṢr Wa-al-Shms Byḍāʾ Nqyh Qbl
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السيوطي:٢-١٦٣٩b

"عَنْ عُمَرَ أنه كتب إلى أَبى موسى الأشعرى أن صَلِّ الظهرَ إن زاغت الشمسُ، والعصرَ والشمس بيضاءُ نقية قبل أن يدخلَها صُفْرةُ، والمغربَ إذا غَرُبت الشمسُ، وأخِّر العشاء ما لم تَنَم، وصل الصبحَ والنجومُ باديةٌ، واقرأ فيها بسورتين من المفصل طويلتين".  

مالك، [عب] عبد الرازق

See similar narrations below:

Collected by Mālik, Bayhaqī
malik:1-7Mālik > ʿAmmih Abū Suhayl from his father

Yahya related to me from Malik, from his uncle Abu Suhayl from his father that Umar ibn al-Khattab wrote to Abu Musa saying that he should pray dhuhr when the sun had started to decline, asr when the sun was still pure white before any yellowness had entered it maghrib when the sun had set, and to delay isha as long as he did not sleep, and to pray subh when the stars were all visible and like a haze in the sky and to read in it two long suras from the mufassal.  

مالك:١-٧وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَبِي سُهَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ

أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى أَنْ صَلِّ الظُّهْرَ إِذَا زَاغَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَالْعَصْرَ وَالشَّمْسُ بَيْضَاءُ نَقِيَّةٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَهَا صُفْرَةٌ وَالْمَغْرِبَ إِذَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَأَخِّرِ الْعِشَاءَ مَا لَمْ تَنَمْ وَصَلِّ الصُّبْحَ وَالنُّجُومُ بَادِيَةٌ مُشْتَبِكَةٌ وَاقْرَأْ فِيهَا بِسُورَتَيْنِ طَوِيلَتَيْنِ مِنَ الْمُفَصَّلِ  

bayhaqi:1729Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥman al-Sulamī > Jaddī Abū ʿAmr b. Bujayd > Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm > Ibn Bukayr > Mālik from his uncle Abū Suhayl b. Mālik from his father > ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb Katab > Abū Mūsá al-Ashʿarī

[Machine] Pray Dhuhr when the sun starts to fade, and Asr when the sun turns pure white before it becomes yellow. Pray Maghrib after the sun sets, and Isha until you sleep. Pray Fajr when the stars are still visible, and recite in it two long chapters from the Quran.  

البيهقي:١٧٢٩أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ أنا جَدِّي أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ بُجَيْدٍ أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ ثنا مَالِكٌ عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَبِي سُهَيْلِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ

أَنْ صَلِّ الظُّهْرَ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَالْعَصْرَ وَالشَّمْسُ بَيْضَاءُ نَقِيَّةٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَدْخُلْهَا صُفْرَةٌ وَالْمَغْرِبَ إِذَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَالْعِشَاءُ مَا لَمْ تَنَمْ وَصَلِّ الصُّبْحَ وَالنُّجُومُ بَادِيَةٌ وَاقْرَأْ فِيهِ سُورَتَيْنِ طَوِيلَتَيْنِ مِنَ الْمُفَصَّلِ