106. Sūrat Quraysh

١٠٦۔ سُورَةُ قـُرَيْش

Quraysh (Meccan)

quran:106:1In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

For the accustomed security of the Quraysh -  

˹In gratitude˺ for the security of Quraysh,
القرآن:١٠٦:١بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ  

{لإيلاف قريش}.
quran:106:2

Their accustomed security ˹in˺ the caravan of winter and summer -  

their security (īlāfihim: repeated for emphasis; it is a verbal noun from ˹the verb˺ ālafa) for the journey of winter, to Yemen, and, the journey, of summer, to Syria, every year: they made use of these two journeys to provide for their trade at the station ˹of Abraham˺ in Mecca, in order to attend to the House ˹of God˺, which was their source of pride; they ˹Quraysh˺ were the descendants of al-Nadr b. Kināna;
القرآن:١٠٦:٢

إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ  

{إيلافهم} تأكيد وهو مصدر آلف بالمد {رحلة الشتاء} إلى اليمن {و} رحلة {الصيف} إلى الشام في كل عام، يستعينون بالرحلتين للتجارة على المقام بمكة لخدمة البيت الذي هو فخرهم، وهم ولد النضر بن كنانة.
quran:106:3

Let them worship the Lord of this House,  

let them worship (fa’l-ya‘budū is semantically connected to li-ilāfi, ‘for the security’, the fā’ being extra) the Lord of this House,
القرآن:١٠٦:٣

فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ  

{فليعبدوا} تعلق به لإيلاف والفاء زائدة {رب هذا البيت}.
quran:106:4

Who has fed them, ˹saving them˺ from hunger and made them safe, ˹saving them˺ from fear.  

Who has fed them against, that is, on account of, hunger and made them secure from, that is, on account of, fear: they used to suffer hunger in Mecca due to the lack of crops and they feared the army of the Elephant. Meccan or Medinese, or half and half; it consists of 6 or 7 verses.
القرآن:١٠٦:٤

الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُمْ مِنْ جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُمْ مِنْ خَوْفٍ  

{الذي أطعمهم من جوع} أي من أجله {وآمنهم من خوف} أي من أجله وكان يصيبهم الجوع لعدم الزرع بمكة وخافوا جيش الفيل.