Caution: Translations of Quran and Ḥadīth may lead to possible misapplications and misinterpretations. This site is intended for students of sacred knowledge that are proficient in comprehending classical Arabic and have a strong foundation in Islamic sciences. Also note that religious injunctions rely on several aspects beyond what one may glean through reading individual aḥādīth.
Qurʾān Bukhārī Muslim Nasāʾī Abū Dāwūd Tirmidhī Ibn Mājah Mālik Aḥmad Dārimī Ḥākim Ibn Ḥibbān Ṭabarānī Nasāʾī's Kubrá Bayhaqī al-Luʾluʾ wa-al-Marjān Ibn Rajab's Fifty Riyāḍ al-Ṣāliḥīn Aḥmad's Zuhd Suyūṭī
muslim:2992 – Zuhayr b. Ḥarb And Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh b. Numayr Wa-al-Lafẓ Lizuhayr > al-Qāsim b. Mālik > ʿĀṣim b. Kulayb > Abū Burdah

I visited Abu Musa, as he was in the house of the daughter of Fadl b. 'Abbas. I sneezed but he did not respond to it (by saying): Allah may have mercy upon you. Then she sneezed and he (Fadl b. 'Abbas) said: May Allah have mercy upon you. I came back to my mother and informed her about it, and when he came to her she said: My son sneezed in your presence and you did not say:" Allah may have mercy upon you, and she sneezed and you said for her:" May Allah have mercy upon you." Thereupon he said: Your son sneezed but he did not praise Allah and I did not beg mercy of Allah for him and she sneezed and she praised Allah and so I said: May Allah have mercy upon you, as I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: When any one of you sneezes he should praise Allah and the other should say: May Allah have mercy upon you, and if he does not praise Allah, no mercy should be begged for him.  

مسلم:٢٩٩٢ – حَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لِزُهَيْرٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ كُلَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي مُوسَى وَهْوَ فِي بَيْتِ بِنْتِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَعَطَسْتُ فَلَمْ يُشَمِّتْنِي وَعَطَسَتْ فَشَمَّتَهَا فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى أُمِّي فَأَخْبَرْتُهَا فَلَمَّا جَاءَهَا قَالَتْ

عَطَسَ عِنْدَكَ ابْنِي فَلَمْ تُشَمِّتْهُ وَعَطَسَتْ فَشَمَّتَّهَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ ابْنَكِ عَطَسَ فَلَمْ يَحْمَدِ اللَّهَ فَلَمْ أُشَمِّتْهُ وَعَطَسَتْ فَحَمِدَتِ اللَّهَ فَشَمَّتُّهَا سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِذَا عَطَسَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ فَشَمِّتُوهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَحْمَدِ اللَّهَ فَلاَ تُشَمِّتُوهُ  

See similar narrations below:

Collected by Aḥmad, Ḥākim
ahmad:19696 – al-Qāsim b. Mālik Abū Jaʿfar > ʿĀṣim b. Kulayb > Abū Burdah

[Machine] I entered the house of Abu Musa to visit the daughter of Umm Al-Fadl. I sneezed, but she did not say "May Allah have mercy on you." Then she sneezed and I said "May Allah have mercy on you." I returned to my mother and informed her about it. When Abu Musa came to her, she said to him, "Your son sneezed in front of me but I did not say 'May Allah have mercy on you,' and then I sneezed and he said 'May Allah have mercy on you.'" Abu Musa said, "Indeed, your son sneezed and you did not praise Allah, so I did not say 'May Allah have mercy on you.' And when you sneezed and praised Allah, I said 'May Allah have mercy on you.'" Then I heard the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , saying, "When any of you sneezes and praises Allah, you should say 'May Allah have mercy on you,' and if he does not praise Allah, do not say it." She said, "You did well, you did well."  

أحمد:١٩٦٩٦ – حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَاصِمُ بْنُ كُلَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ قَالَ

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي مُوسَى فِي بَيْتِ ابْنَةِ أُمِّ الْفَضْلِ فَعَطَسْتُ وَلَمْ يُشَمِّتْنِي وَعَطَسَتْ فَشَمَّتَهَا فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى أُمِّي فَأَخْبَرْتُهَا فَلَمَّا جَاءَهَا قَالَتْ عَطَسَ ابْنِي عِنْدَكَ فَلَمْ تُشَمِّتْهُ وَعَطَسَتْ فَشَمَّتَّهَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ ابْنَكِ عَطَسَ فَلَمْ يَحْمَدِ اللهَ تَعَالَى؛ فَلَمْ أُشَمِّتْهُ وَإِنَّهَا عَطَسَتْ فَحَمَدَتِ اللهَ تَعَالَى فَشَمَّتُّهَا وَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِذَا عَطَسَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ فَشَمِّتُوهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَحْمَدِ اللهَ ﷻ فَلَا تُشَمِّتُوهُ فَقَالَتْ أَحْسَنْتَ أَحْسَنْتَ  

hakim:7690 – Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyá b. Muḥammad al-ʿAnbarī > al-Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad b. Ziyād > Yaʿqūb b. Ibrāhīm al-Dawraqī > al-Qāsim b. Mālik al-Muzanī > ʿĀṣim b. Kulayb > Abū Burdah b. Abū Mūsá

[Machine] "I saw Abu Musa in the house of Umm Al-Fadl and she sneezed, so I said 'bless you' but she did not say it to me. When I came to my mother, I told her about it. When Abu Musa came to her, she said to him, 'Your son sneezed and you did not say praise be to Allah, so I did not say it to him. And a woman sneezed and I said it to her.' He replied, 'If your son sneezes and does not praise Allah, do not say it to him.' I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'When one of you sneezes and praises Allah, say 'bless you' to them. But if they do not praise Allah, do not say it to them.' She said, 'You did well, you did well.'"  

الحاكم:٧٦٩٠ – حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ ثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ ثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّوْرَقِيُّ ثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ الْمُزَنِيُّ ثَنَا عَاصِمُ بْنُ كُلَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ بْنِ أَبِي مُوسَى قَالَ

شَهِدْتُ أَبَا مُوسَى وَهُوَ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ الْفَضْلِ فَعَطَسَتْ فَشَمَّتُّهَا وَعَطَسْتُ فَلَمْ يُشَمِّتْنِي فَلَمَّا جِئْتُ إِلَى أُمِّي أَخْبَرْتُهَا فَلَمَّا جَاءَهَا أَبُو مُوسَى قَالَتْ لَهُ عَطَسَ عِنْدَكَ ابْنِي فَلَمْ تُشَمِّتْهُ وَعَطَسَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فَشَمَّتُّهَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ ابْنَكِ عَطَسَ فَلَمْ يَحْمَدِ اللَّهَ فَلَمْ أُشَمِّتْهُ وَإِنَّهَا عَطَسَتْ فَحَمِدَتِ اللَّهَ فَشَمَّتُّهَا سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا عَطَسَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ فَشَمِّتُوهُ وَإِذَا لَمْ يَحْمَدِ اللَّهَ فَلَا تُشَمِّتُوهُ» قَالَتْ أَحْسَنْتَ أَحْسَنْتَ  

«هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ» صحيح