44. Merits of the Companions
٤٤۔ كتاب فضائل الصحابة ؓ
" There is no harm on persons who believe and perform good acts, what they had eaten (formerly) when they avoided it (now) and they affirmed their faith" (v. 93) up to the end. Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me: You are one amongst them.
لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ { لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا طَعِمُوا إِذَا مَا اتَّقَوْا وَآمَنُوا} إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قِيلَ لِي أَنْتَ مِنْهُمْ
When I and my brother came from Yemen we used to consider Ibn Mas'ud and his mother amongst the members of the household. of Messenger of Allah ﷺ because of their visiting them frequently and staying there for long (periods of) time.
قَدِمْتُ أَنَا وَأَخِي مِنَ الْيَمَنِ فَكُنَّا حِينًا وَمَا نُرَى ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ وَأُمَّهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ كَثْرَةِ دُخُولِهِمْ وَلُزُومِهِمْ لَهُ
The above hadith is narrated likewise through another chain of transmitters.
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا مُوسَى يَقُولُ لَقَدْ قَدِمْتُ أَنَا وَأَخِي مِنَ الْيَمَنِ فَذَكَرَ بِمِثْلِهِ
I came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and thought that 'Abdullah was amongst the members of the family, or like that.
أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا أُرَى أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ أَوْ مَا ذَكَرَ مِنْ نَحْوِ هَذَا
I was along with Abu Musa and Abu Mas'ud as Ibn Mas'ud died and one of them said to the other: Do you find one like him besides him? Thereupon he said: Do you say this (no one can be his rival)? He was admitted (to the company of the Holy Prophet) whereas we were detained and he had been present in the company of Messenger of Allah ﷺ whereas we had been absent.
أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ أَتُرَاهُ تَرَكَ بَعْدَهُ مِثْلَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ قُلْتَ ذَاكَ إِنْ كَانَ لَيُؤْذَنُ لَهُ إِذَا حُجِبْنَا وَيَشْهَدُ إِذَا غِبْنَا
We were in the house of Abu Musa along with some of the companions of 'Abdullah and they were looking at the Holy Book. 'Abdullah stood up, whereupon Abu Mas'ud said: I do not know whether Messenger of Allah, ﷺ has left after him one having a better knowledge (of Islam) than the man who is standing. Abu Musa said: If you say this, that is correct, because he had been present when we had been absent and he was permitted when we were detained.
كُنَّا فِي دَارِ أَبِي مُوسَى مَعَ نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَهُمْ يَنْظُرُونَ فِي مُصْحَفٍ فَقَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ مَا أَعْلَمُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَرَكَ بَعْدَهُ أَعْلَمَ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنْ هَذَا الْقَائِمِ فَقَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى أَمَا لَئِنْ قُلْتَ ذَاكَ لَقَدْ كَانَ يَشْهَدُ إِذَا غِبْنَا وَيُؤْذَنُ لَهُ إِذَا حُجِبْنَا
I was sitting along with Hudhaifa and Abu Musa, and the rest of the hadith is the same.
أَتَيْتُ أَبَا مُوسَى فَوَجَدْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ وَأَبَا مُوسَى ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ جَالِسًا مَعَ حُذَيْفَةَ وَأَبِي مُوسَى وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ وَحَدِيثُ قُطْبَةَ أَتَمُّ وَأَكْثَرُ
He who conceals anything he shall have to bring that which he had concealed on the Day of judgment, and then said: After whose mode of recitation you command me to recite? I in fact recited before AIlah's Messenger ﷺ more than seventy chapters of the Qur'an and the Companions of Messenger of Allah ﷺ know it that I have better understanding of the Book of Allah (than they do), and if I were to know that someone had better understanding than I, I would have gone to him. Shaqiq said: I sat in the company of the Companions of Mubkmmad ﷺ but I did not hear anyone having rejected that (that is, his recitation) or finding fault with it.
أَنَّهُ قَالَ { وَمَنْ يَغْلُلْ يَأْتِ بِمَا غَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ} ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلَى قِرَاءَةِ مَنْ تَأْمُرُونِي أَنْ أَقْرَأَ فَلَقَدْ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِضْعًا وَسَبْعِينَ سُورَةً وَلَقَدْ عَلِمَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنِّي أَعْلَمُهُمْ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَلَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ أَحَدًا أَعْلَمُ مِنِّي لَرَحَلْتُ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ شَقِيقٌ فَجَلَسْتُ فِي حَلَقِ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ فَمَا سَمِعْتُ أَحَدًا يَرُدُّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ وَلاَ يَعِيبُهُ
By Him besides Whom there is no god, there is no chapter in the Book of Allah about which I do not know as to where it was revealed and there is no verse about which I do not know in what context it was revealed, and if I were to know of one having a better understanding of the Book of Allah than I (and I could reach him) on the back of the mule, I would have definitely gone to him on camel's back.
وَالَّذِي لاَ إِلَهَ غَيْرُهُ مَا مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ سُورَةٌ إِلاَّ أَنَا أَعْلَمُ حَيْثُ نَزَلَتْ وَمَا مِنْ آيَةٍ إِلاَّ أَنَا أَعْلَمُ فِيمَا أُنْزِلَتْ وَلَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ مِنِّي تَبْلُغُهُ الإِبِلُ لَرَكِبْتُ إِلَيْهِ
We used to go to Abdullah b. 'Amr and talk to him, Ibn Numair said: One day we made a mention of Abdullah b. Mas'ud, whereupon he said: You have made mention of a person whom I love more than anything else. I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Learn Qur'an from four persons: Ibn Umm 'Abd (i. e. 'Abdullah b. Mas'ud) he started from him-then Mu'adh b. Jabal and Ubayya b. Ka'b, then Salim the ally of Abu Hudhaifa.
لَقَدْ ذَكَرْتُمْ رَجُلاً لاَ أَزَالُ أُحِبُّهُ بَعْدَ شَىْءٍ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ خُذُوا الْقُرْآنَ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ مِنِ ابْنِ أُمِّ عَبْدٍ فَبَدَأَ بِهِ وَمُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ وَأُبَىِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ وَسَالِمٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ
We were in the company of Abdullah b 'Amr that we made a mention of a hadith from Abdullah b. Mas'ud; thereupon he said: That is a person whose love ever remains (fresh in my heart) after I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Learn Qur'an from four persons: Ibn Umm 'Abd, i e. Abdullah b. Mas'ud and he started from his name-then Ubayy b. Ka'b and Mu'adh b Jabal. Zuhri did not make a mention of the words yaquluhu in his narration
إِنَّ ذَاكَ الرَّجُلَ لاَ أَزَالُ أُحِبُّهُ بَعْدَ شَىْءٍ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُهُ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ اقْرَءُوا الْقُرْآنَ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ نَفَرٍ مِنِ ابْنِ أُمِّ عَبْدٍ فَبَدَأَ بِهِ وَمِنْ أُبَىِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ وَمِنْ سَالِمٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَمِنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ وَحَرْفٌ لَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ زُهَيْرٌ قَوْلُهُ يَقُولُهُ
Abu Mu'awiya narrated to us from A'mash on the authority of Jarir and Waki', and in a narration of Abu Bakr transmitted on the authority of Abu Mu'awiya the mention of Mu'adh has preceded Ubayy's, and in the narration transmitted on the authority of Abu Kuraib, the name of Ubayy preceded Mu'ddh's.
عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ بِإِسْنَادِ جَرِيرٍ وَوَكِيعٍ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ قَدَّمَ مُعَاذًا قَبْلَ أُبَىٍّ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي كُرَيْبٍ أُبَىٌّ قَبْلَ مُعَاذٍ
This tradition has been transmitted on the authority of Shu'ba through A'mash, but there is a difference of order of the four.
عَنْ شُعْبَةَ فِي تَنْسِيقِ الأَرْبَعَةِ
They made a mention of Ibn Mas'ud before 'Abdullah b. Amr, whereupon he said: He is a person whose love is always fresh in my heart after I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Learn the recita- tion of the Qur'an from four persons: from Ibn Mas'ud, Salim, the ally of Abu Hudhaifa, Ubayy b. Ka'b, Mu'adh b. Jabal.
ذَاكَ رَجُلٌ لاَ أَزَالُ أُحِبُّهُ بَعْدَ مَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ اسْتَقْرِئُوا الْقُرْآنَ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ مِنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَسَالِمٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَأُبَىِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ وَمُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ
Ubaidullah b. Mu'adh reported it on the authority of his father Shu'ba with the same chain of transmitters and he made this addition. He made a mention of these two names but I do not know whose name he mentioned first.
شُعْبَةُ بَدَأَ بِهَذَيْنِ لاَ أَدْرِي بِأَيِّهِمَا بَدَأَ