21. Commericial Transactions (1/4)
٢١۔ كتاب البيوع ص ١
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade (two types of transactions) Mulamasa and Munabadha
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُلاَمَسَةِ وَالْمُنَابَذَةِ
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported like this from Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ
Abu Huraira reported from Messenger of Allah ﷺ a hadith like this through another chain cf transmitters.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمِثْلِهِ
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) through another chain of transmitters.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ
Two types of trarisactions have been forbidden (by the Holy Prophet), al-Mlulamasa and al-Munabadha. As far as Mulamasa transaction is concerned, it is that every one of them (the parties entering into transaction) should touch the garment of the other without careful consideration, and al-Munabadha is that every one of them should throw his cloth to the other and one of them should not see the cloth of his friend.
عَنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ الْمُلاَمَسَةِ وَالْمُنَابَذَةِ أَمَّا الْمُلاَمَسَةُ فَأَنْ يَلْمِسَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا ثَوْبَ صَاحِبِهِ بِغَيْرِ تَأَمُّلٍ وَالْمُنَابَذَةُ أَنْ يَنْبِذَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا ثَوْبَهُ إِلَى الآخَرِ وَلَمْ يَنْظُرْ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا إِلَى ثَوْبِ صَاحِبِهِ
Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade us (from), two types of business transactions and two ways of dressing. He forbade Mulamasa and Munabadha in transactions. Mulamasa means the touching of another's garment with his hand, whether at night or by day, without turning it over except this much. Munabadha means that a man throws his garment to another and the other throws his garment, and thus confirming their contract without the inspection of mutual agreement.
نَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ وَلِبْسَتَيْنِ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُلاَمَسَةِ وَالْمُنَابَذَةِ فِي الْبَيْعِ وَالْمُلاَمَسَةُ لَمْسُ الرَّجُلِ ثَوْبَ الآخَرِ بِيَدِهِ بِاللَّيْلِ أَوْ بِالنَّهَارِ وَلاَ يَقْلِبُهُ إِلاَّ بِذَلِكَ وَالْمُنَابَذَةُ أَنْ يَنْبِذَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ بِثَوْبِهِ وَيَنْبِذَ الآخَرُ إِلَيْهِ ثَوْبَهُ وَيَكُونُ ذَلِكَ بَيْعَهُمَا مِنْ غَيْرِ نَظَرٍ وَلاَ تَرَاضٍ
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn Shihab through the same chain of transmitters.
عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ
21.2 The invalidity of Hasah transactions and transactions involving ambiguity
٢١۔٢ باب بُطْلاَنِ بَيْعِ الْحَصَاةِ وَالْبَيْعِ الَّذِي فِيهِ غَرَرٌ
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade a transaction determined by throwing stones, and the type which involves some uncertainty.
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْحَصَاةِ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْغَرَرِ
21.3 The prohibition of selling Habl Al-Habalah
٢١۔٣ باب تَحْرِيمِ بَيْعِ حَبَلِ الْحَبَلَةِ
'Abdullah (b. 'Umar) (Allah be pleased with him) said that Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the transaction called habal al-habala.
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ حَبَلِ الْحَبَلَةِ
Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that the people of pre-Islamic days used to sell the meat of the slaughtered camel up to habal al-habala. And habal al-habala implies that a she-camel should give birth and then the (born one should grow young) and become pregnant. Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade them that (this transaction).
كَانَ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَتَبَايَعُونَ لَحْمَ الْجَزُورِ إِلَى حَبَلِ الْحَبَلَةِ وَحَبَلُ الْحَبَلَةِ أَنْ تُنْتَجَ النَّاقَةُ ثُمَّ تَحْمِلَ الَّتِي نُتِجَتْ فَنَهَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ
21.4 The prohibition of urging a buyer to cancel a purchase in order to sell him one's own goods; And urging a seller to cancel a sale already agreed upon so that one can buy the goods oneself; And the prohibition of artificially inflating prices; And the prohibition of letting milk accumulate in the udder in order to deceive the purchaser
٢١۔٤ باب تَحْرِيمِ بَيْعِ الرَّجُلِ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ وَسَوْمِهِ عَلَى سَوْمِهِ وَتَحْرِيمِ النَّجْشِ وَتَحْرِيمِ التَّصْرِيَةِ
One amongst you should not enter into a transaction when another is bargaining.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يَبِعْ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ بَعْضٍ
A person should not enter into a transaction when his brother is already making a transaction and he should not make a proposal of marriage when his brother has already made a proposal except when he gives permission.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يَبِعِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ وَلاَ يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَأْذَنَ لَهُ
A Muslim should not purchase (in opposition) to his brother.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يَسُمِ الْمُسْلِمُ عَلَى سَوْمِ أَخِيهِ
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain of transmitters but with a slight change of words.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ح وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَدِيٍّ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى أَنْ يَسْتَامَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى سَوْمِ أَخِيهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ الدَّوْرَقِيِّ عَلَى سِيمَةِ أَخِيهِ
Do not go out to meet riders to enter into transaction with them; none of you must buy in opposition to another, nor must you bid against one another; a townsman must not sell for a man from the desert, and do not tie up udders of carnels and sheep, and he who buys them after that has been done has two courses open to him: after he has milked them he may keep them if he is pleased with them, or he may return them along with a sit of dates if he is displeased with them.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يُتَلَقَّى الرُّكْبَانُ لِبَيْعٍ وَلاَ يَبِعْ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ بَعْضٍ وَلاَ تَنَاجَشُوا وَلاَ يَبِعْ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ وَلاَ تُصَرُّوا الإِبِلَ وَالْغَنَمَ فَمَنِ ابْتَاعَهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ بِخَيْرِ النَّظَرَيْنِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَحْلُبَهَا فَإِنْ رَضِيَهَا أَمْسَكَهَا وَإِنْ سَخِطَهَا رَدَّهَا وَصَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the (people) meeting the caravan (for entering into business transaction with them), and the selling of goods by a townsman on behalf of a man of the desert, and seeking by a woman the divorce of her sister (from her husband), and outbidding (against one another), and tying up the udders (of animals), and buying of (things) in opposition to one's brother.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ التَّلَقِّي لِلرُّكْبَانِ وَأَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ وَأَنْ تَسْأَلَ الْمَرْأَةُ طَلاَقَ أُخْتِهَا وَعَنِ النَّجْشِ وَالتَّصْرِيَةِ وَأَنْ يَسْتَامَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى سَوْمِ أَخِيهِ
This hadith has been narrated through another chain of transmitters.
حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ فِي حَدِيثِ غُنْدَرٍ وَوَهْبٍ نُهِيَ وَفِي حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ مُعَاذٍ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the outbidding (against another).
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ النَّجْشِ
21.5 The prohibition of intercepting traders
٢١۔٥ باب تَحْرِيمِ تَلَقِّي الْجَلَبِ
Do not go out to meet merchandise in the way, (wait) until it is brought into the market. This hadith has been reported on the authority of Ibn Numair but with a slight change of words.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى أَنْ تُتَلَقَّى السِّلَعُ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ الأَسْوَاقَ وَهَذَا لَفْظُ ابْنِ نُمَيْرٍ وَقَالَ الآخَرَانِ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ التَّلَقِّي
This hadith has been reported on the authority of 'Ubaidullah.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ نُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ تَلَقِّي الْبُيُوعِ
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُتَلَقَّى الْجَلَبُ
Do not meet the merchant in the way and enter into business transaction with him, and whoever meets him and buys from him (and in case it is done, see) that when the owner of (merchandise) comes into the market (and finds that he has been paid less price) he has the option (to declare the transaction null and void).
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ تَلَقَّوُا الْجَلَبَ فَمَنْ تَلَقَّاهُ فَاشْتَرَى مِنْهُ فَإِذَا أَتَى سَيِّدُهُ السُّوقَ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ
21.6 The prohibition of the town-dweller selling on behalf of a bedouin
٢١۔٦ باب تَحْرِيمِ بَيْعِ الْحَاضِرِ لِلْبَادِي
The townsman'should not sell for a man from the desert (with a view to taking advantage of his ignorance of the market conditions of the city). And Zuhair reported from the Prophet ﷺ that he forbade the townsman to sell on behalf of the man from the desert.
النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يَبِعْ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ وَقَالَ زُهَيْرٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ نَهَى أَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ
The riders (carrying merchandise) should not be met in the way, and townsman should not sell for a man of the desert. The narrator reported. I said to Ibn 'Abbas: What do these words really imply-" The townsman for the man of the desert"? He said: That he should work as a broker on his behalf.
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ تُتَلَقَّى الرُّكْبَانُ وَأَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لاِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مَا قَوْلُهُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ قَالَ لاَ يَكُنْ لَهُ سِمْسَارًا
The townsman should not sell for a man from the desert, leave the people alone, Allah will give them provision from one another. Yahya reported it with a slight change of words.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ يَبِعْ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ دَعُوا النَّاسَ يَرْزُقِ اللَّهُ بَعْضَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ غَيْرَ أَنَّ فِي رِوَايَةِ يَحْيَى يُرْزَقُ
Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported a similar hadith from Allah's Apostle ﷺ through another chain of transmitters.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمِثْلِهِ
We were forbidden that a townsman should sell for a man of the desert, even if he is his brother or father.
أَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَخَاهُ أَوْ أَبَاهُ
We were forbidden that a townsman should sell for a man of the desert.
عَنْ أَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ
21.7 Ruling on selling Al-Musarrah (An animal in whose udder milk has been allowed to accumulate)
٢١۔٧ باب حُكْمِ بَيْعِ الْمُصَرَّاةِ
He who bought a goat having its udder tied up should go back with it, milk it, and, if he is satisfied with its milk, he should retair it, otherwise he should return it along with a sa' of dates.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنِ اشْتَرَى شَاةً مُصَرَّاةً فَلْيَنْقَلِبْ بِهَا فَلْيَحْلُبْهَا فَإِنْ رَضِيَ حِلاَبَهَا أَمْسَكَهَا وَإِلاَّ رَدَّهَا وَمَعَهَا صَاعٌ مِنْ تَمْرٍ
He who buys a goat with its udder tied up has the option to retain the goat if he so desires or return it within three days, and in case he returns it he should do so along with a sa' of dates.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ شَاةً مُصَرَّاةً فَهُوَ فِيهَا بِالْخِيَارِ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِنْ شَاءَ أَمْسَكَهَا وَإِنْ شَاءَ رَدَّهَا وَرَدَّ مَعَهَا صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ
lie who buys a goat having its udder tied up has the option to return it within three days. If he returns it he should pay a sa' of dates. Wheat is not essential.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنِ اشْتَرَى شَاةً مُصَرَّاةً فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَإِنْ رَدَّهَا رَدَّ مَعَهَا صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ لاَ سَمْرَاءَ
He who buys a goat having its udder tied up has two courses left for him. He may retain it, and if he desires may return it along with a sa' of dates and not wheat.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنِ اشْتَرَى شَاةً مُصَرَّاةً فَهُوَ بِخَيْرِ النَّظَرَيْنِ إِنْ شَاءَ أَمْسَكَهَا وَإِنْ شَاءَ رَدَّهَا وَصَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ لاَ سَمْرَاءَ
أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنِ اشْتَرَى مِنَ الْغَنَمِ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ
Out of the ahadith which Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported to us from Messenger of Allah ﷺ one is this that Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: If one among you buys a she-camel having its udder tied up he has the two options for him after milking it either (to retain it) or return it with a sa' of dates.
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ أَحَادِيثَ مِنْهَا وَقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا مَا أَحَدُكُمُ اشْتَرَى لِقْحَةً مُصَرَّاةً أَوْ شَاةً مُصَرَّاةً فَهُوَ بِخَيْرِ النَّظَرَيْنِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَحْلُبَهَا إِمَّا هِيَ وَإِلاَّ فَلْيَرُدَّهَا وَصَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ
21.8 It is invalid to sell goods before taking possession of them
٢١۔٨ باب بُطْلاَنِ بَيْعِ الْمَبِيعِ قَبْلَ الْقَبْضِ
He who buys foodgrain should not sell it until he has taken possession of it.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَحْسِبُ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ مِثْلَهُ
A hadith like this has been narrated through the same chain of transmitters.
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ
He who buys food-rain should not sell it until he has taken possession of it. Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) said: I regard everything like food (so far as this principle is concerned).
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَحْسِبُ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الطَّعَامِ
He who buys foodgrain should not sell it, until he has weighed it (and then taken possession of it). I (Tawus) said to Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them): Why is it so? Thereupon he said: Don't you see that they (the people) sell foodgrains against gold for the stipulated time. Abu Kuraib did not make any mention of the stipulated time.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَكْتَالَهُ فَقُلْتُ لاِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ لِمَ فَقَالَ أَلاَ تَرَاهُمْ يَتَبَايَعُونَ بِالذَّهَبِ وَالطَّعَامُ مُرْجَأٌ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ مُرْجَأٌ
He who buys foodgrain should not sell it until he has taken full possession of it.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ
He who buys foodgrain should not sell that before taking possession of it. He (the narrator) said: We used to buy foodgrain from the caravans in bulk, but Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade us to re-sell that until we had shifted it to some other place.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنِ اشْتَرَى طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ قَالَ وَكُنَّا نَشْتَرِي الطَّعَامَ مِنَ الرُّكْبَانِ جِزَافًا فَنَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ نَبِيعَهُ حَتَّى نَنْقُلَهُ مِنْ مَكَانِهِ
He who bought foodgrain should not sell it until he had taken full possession of it (after measuring it).
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنِ اشْتَرَى طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ وَيَقْبِضَهُ
He who bought foodgrain should not sell it until he had taken possession of it.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ
We used to buy foodgrains during the lifetime of Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He (the Holy Prophet) would then send to us one who commanded us to take them (the foodgrains) to a place other than the one where we had bought them before we sold it.
كُنَّا فِي زَمَانِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَبْتَاعُ الطَّعَامَ فَيَبْعَثُ عَلَيْنَا مَنْ يَأْمُرُنَا بِانْتِقَالِهِ مِنَ الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي ابْتَعْنَاهُ فِيهِ إِلَى مَكَانٍ سِوَاهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ نَبِيعَهُ
Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that they were beaten during the lifetime of Messenger of Allah ﷺ if they had bought foodgrains in bulk and then sold them in the spot without shifting them (to some other place).
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يُضْرَبُونَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا اشْتَرَوْا طَعَامًا جِزَافًا أَنْ يَبِيعُوهُ فِي مَكَانِهِ حَتَّى يُحَوِّلُوهُ
I saw people being beaten during the lifetime of Messenger of Allah ﷺ in case they bought the foodgrain in bulk, and then sold them at that spot before taking it to their places. This hadith is narrated on the authority of 'Ubaidullah b. Abdullah b. 'Umar through another chain of transmitters (and the words are):" His father (Ibn 'Umar) used to buy foodgrains in bulk and then carried them to his people."
قَدْ رَأَيْتُ النَّاسَ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا ابْتَاعُوا الطَّعَامَ جِزَافًا يُضْرَبُونَ فِي أَنْ يَبِيعُوهُ فِي مَكَانِهِمْ وَذَلِكَ حَتَّى يُئْوُوهُ إِلَى رِحَالِهِمْ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ وَحَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ أَبَاهُ كَانَ يَشْتَرِي الطَّعَامَ جِزَافًا فَيَحْمِلُهُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ
He who bought foodgrain should not sell it until he had measured it. In the narration of Abu Bakr there the word is Ibta' instead of Ishtara.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنِ اشْتَرَى طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَكْتَالَهُ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ
Have you made lawful the transactions involving interest? Thereupon Marwan said: I have not done that. Thereupon Abu Huraira ﷺ said: You have made lawful the transactions with the help of documents only, whereas Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the transaction of foodgrains until full possession is taken of them. Marwan then addressed the people and forbade them to enter into such transactions (as are done with the help of documents). Sulaiman said: I saw the sentinels snatching (these documents) from the people.
أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ أَحْلَلْتَ بَيْعَ الصِّكَاكِ وَقَدْ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الطَّعَامِ حَتَّى يُسْتَوْفَى قَالَ فَخَطَبَ مَرْوَانُ النَّاسَ فَنَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِهَا قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى حَرَسٍ يَأْخُذُونَهَا مِنْ أَيْدِي النَّاسِ
When you purchase foodgrains, do not sell them until you have taken possession of them.
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِذَا ابْتَعْتَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَسْتَوْفِيَهُ
21.9 The prohibition of selling a heap of dates the weight of which is unknown
٢١۔٩ باب تَحْرِيمِ بَيْعِ صُبْرَةِ التَّمْرِ الْمَجْهُولَةِ الْقَدْرِ بِتَمْرٍ
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) is reported to have said that Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the sale of a heap of dates the weight of which is unknown in accordance with the known weight of dates.
أَخْبَرَهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الصُّبْرَةِ مِنَ التَّمْرِ لاَ يُعْلَمُ مَكِيلَتُهَا بِالْكَيْلِ الْمُسَمَّى مِنَ التَّمْرِ