ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ «تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ قَتَادَةُ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الْيَشْكُرِيِّ»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fought a battle against a group of people near a date palm tree. Some Muslims saw a young man from among them and he was called Awf bin Harith or Gawrath bin Harith. He came and stood over the head of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with a sword. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him, "Who can stop you from me?" He replied, "Allah." Thereupon, the sword slipped from his hand. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took the sword and asked him, "Who can stop you from me?" He replied, "Be better than me." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him, "Do you bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah?" He replied, "No, but I make a condition with you that I will not fight against you nor will I be with those who fight against you." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ let him go and he returned to his companions saying, "I came to you from the best of people." When it was noon or afternoon, Abu 'Uwanah doubted and the Prophet ﷺ ordered the prayer of fear. So the people were divided into two groups: one group facing the enemy and another group praying with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . The group with him prayed two units of prayer and then left, occupying the positions of the first group. Then the first group came and they prayed two units of prayer with the Prophet ﷺ . Thus, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed four units of prayer, while the people performed two units of prayer.
قَاتَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُحَارِبَ خَصَفَةَ بِنَخْلٍ فَرَأَوْا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ غِرَّةً فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ عَوْفُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ أَوْ غَوْرَثُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ حَتَّى قَامَ عَلَى رَأْسِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَالَ مَنْ يَمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي؟ قَالَ «اللَّهُ» قَالَ فَسَقَطَ السَّيْفُ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ السَّيْفَ فَقَالَ لَهُ «مَنْ يَمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي» قَالَ كُنَّ خَيْرًا مِنِّي قَالَ «تَشَهَّدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ؟ » قَالَ لَا وَلَكِنْ أُعَاهِدُكَ عَلَى أَنْ لَا أُقَاتِلَكَ وَلَا أَكُونَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ يُقَاتِلُونَكَ قَالَ فَخَلَّى سَبِيلَهُ فَجَاءَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ جِئْتُكُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ خَيْرِ النَّاسِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ عِنْدَ الظُّهْرِ أَوِ الْعَصْرِ شَكَّ أَبُو عَوَانَةَ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِصَلَاةِ الْخَوْفِ قَالَ فَكَانَ النَّاسُ طَائِفَتَيْنِ طَائِفَةً بِإِزَاءِ الْعَدُوِّ وَطَائِفَةً يُصَلُّونَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَصَلَّى بِالطَّائِفَةِ الَّذِينَ مَعَهُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفُوا فَكَانُوا مَكَانَ أُولَئِكَ وَجَاءَ أُولَئِكَ فَصَلَّوْا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَكَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ وَلِلْقَوْمِ رَكْعَتَانِ