[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no marriage without a guardian." Abu Sa'id Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Rumayh al-Nakha'i narrated to us, said Ibrahim ibn Nasr al-Kindi told me, he said: I heard Sa'id ibn Hashim al-Kaghazi saying: I heard Ahmad ibn Hanbal saying, "If you find a hadith from Zuhayr ibn Muawiyah, do not turn to anyone else, for he is one of the most reliable narrators."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِوَلِيٍّ» حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو سَعِيدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ رُمَيْحٍ النَّخَعِيُّ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ الْكِنْدِيُّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ هَاشِمٍ الْكَاغَذِيَّ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ حَنْبَلٍ يَقُولُ «إِذَا وَجَدْتَ الْحَدِيثَ مِنْ وَجْهِ زُهَيْرِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَلَا تَعُدْ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ أَثْبَتِ النَّاسِ حَدِيثًا»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no marriage without a guardian." This was narrated by Abdullah ibn Mahdi, Wakee', and others from Abu Awana. This hadith has also been transmitted by a group of Muslim scholars, including Abu Hanifah Nu'man ibn Thabit, Raqabah ibn Masqalah Al-Abdi, Mutarrif ibn Tareef Al-Harithi, Abdul-Hameed ibn Al-Hasan Al-Hilali, Zakaria ibn Abi Zaidah, and others. And we have mentioned them in this chapter. It has also been transmitted by a group of scholars, other than Abu Ishaq, through Abu Burdah."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِوَلِيٍّ» هَكَذَا رَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ وَوَكِيعٌ وَغَيْرُهُمَا عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ وَقَدْ وَصَلَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَئِمَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ غَيْرُ مَنْ ذَكَرْنَاهُمْ مِنْهُمْ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ النُّعْمَانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ وَرَقَبَةُ بْنُ مَصْقَلَةَ الْعَبْدِيُّ وَمُطَرِّفُ بْنُ طَرِيفٍ الْحَارِثِيُّ وَعَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْهِلَالِيُّ وَزَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ وَغَيْرُهُمْ «وَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَاهُمْ فِي الْبَابِ وَقَدْ وَصَلَهُ عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ جَمَاعَةٌ غَيْرُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ»  

the Messenger of Allah said: “There is no marriage except with a guardian.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1881)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِوَلِيِّ»  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "There is no marriage except with a guardian (wali)." Ibn 'Asakir said, "Qabeesa bin 'Uqbah came to me and Ali bin Al-Madinii asked me about this Hadith, so I narrated it to him. Ali bin Al-Madinii said, 'We have settled the disagreement regarding Abu Ishaq.'"  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِوَلِيٍّ» قَالَ ابْنُ عَسْكَرٍ فَقَالَ لِي قَبِيصَةُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ جَاءَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ فَسَأَلَنِي عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَحَدَّثْتُهُ بِهِ فَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ قَدِ اسْتَرَحْنَا مِنْ خِلَافِ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no marriage without a guardian." We have supported this with authentic narrations and the statements of knowledgeable scholars, affirming the authenticity of the hadith of Abu Musa which contains sufficient evidence for those who reflect upon it. And in this matter, there are also narrations from Ali ibn Abi Talib, Abdullah ibn Abbas, Muadh ibn Jabal, Abdullah ibn Umar, Abu Dharr al-Ghifari, Mikdad ibn Aswad, Abdullah ibn Mas'ood, Jabir ibn Abdullah, Abu Hurairah, Imran ibn Husain, Abdullah ibn Amr, Myswar ibn Makhramah, Anas ibn Malik, and others, and most of them are authentic. The narrations regarding this topic have been verified and confirmed from the wives of the Prophet, Aisha, Umm Salamah, and Zainab bint Jahsh, among others.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِوَلِيٍّ» فَقَدِ اسْتَدْلَلْنَا بِالرِّوَايَاتِ الصَّحِيحَةِ وَبِأَقَاوِيلِ أَئِمَّةِ الْعِلْمِ عَلَى صِحَّةِ حَدِيثِ أَبِي مُوسَى بِمَا فِيهِ غَنِيَّةٌ لِمَنْ تَأَمَّلَهُ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَمُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَبِي ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيِّ وَالْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَجَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَالْمِسْوَرُ بْنُ مَخْرَمَةَ وَأَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ وَأَكْثَرُهَا صَحِيحَةٌ وَقَدْ صَحَّتِ الرِّوَايَاتُ فِيهِ عَنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَائِشَةَ وَأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَزَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ أَجْمَعِينَ  

[Machine] I used to serve the Prophet ﷺ, then the Prophet ﷺ said to me, "O Rabi'ah! Why don't you get married?" I replied, "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, I don't want to get married. I don't have enough to provide for a wife, and I don't want anything to distract me from you." Then he turned away from me. After that, he asked me again, "O Rabi'ah! Why don't you get married?" I replied, "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, I don't want to get married. I don't have enough to provide for a wife, and I don't want anything to distract me from you." He turned away from me again. Then I revisited myself and said, "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, you know what is best for me in this life and the hereafter." He said, "And I say to myself, if he asks me for the third time, I will say yes." Then he asked me for the third time, "O Rabi'ah! Why don't you get married?" I said, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah, do whatever you think is best for me or whatever you like." He said, "Go to the family of so and so in such and such place among the Ansar. Tell them that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sends his greetings to you and orders you to marry Rabi'ah the daughter of so and so." So I went to them and conveyed the message. They said, "Welcome to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the Messenger of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. By Allah, the Messenger of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ does not ask us for something without a reason." They honored me, married me to her, treated me kindly, and did not ask for any proof. I returned feeling sad, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked me, "What's wrong?" I said, "O Messenger of Allah, I went to a noble people, they honored and treated me kindly, and did not ask for any proof. But where will I get the dowry?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Buraidah Al-Aslami, "O Buraidah, collect the weight of a date seed in gold for him." So they collected the weight of a date seed in gold for me. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, "Take it to them and say, 'This is her dowry.'" So I took it to them and said, "This is her dowry." They said, "It's a lot, but we accept it." Then I asked, "Where should I stay?" They said, "O Buraidah, give him a sheep." So they gave me a fat sheep. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Go to Aishah and tell her to look at the dough in which the food is baked and send it to us." So I went to Aishah, told her about it, and she said, "Here it is, the dough in which the food is baked. By Allah, we don't have any other food in the morning." So I took it and the sheep to the Prophet ﷺ. They accepted the food and said, "You keep the sheep." Then some Muslims came, slaughtered, skinned, and cooked it. So we had bread and meat in the morning. I felt content and prayed for the blessings of the Muslims.  

كُنْتُ أَخْدُمُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «يَا رَبِيعَةُ أَلَا تَتَزَوَّجُ؟» قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَا وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتَزَوَّجَ مَا عِنْدِي مَا يُقِيمُ الْمَرْأَةَ وَمَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَشْغَلَنِي عَنْكَ شَيْءٌ قَالَ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنِّي ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ «يَا رَبِيعَةُ أَلَا تَتَزَوَّجُ؟» قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَا وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتَزَوَّجَ وَمَا عِنْدِي مَا يُقِيمُ الْمَرْأَةَ وَمَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَشْغَلَنِي عَنْكَ شَيْءٌ فأعرض عني قَالَ ثم رَاجَعْتُ نَفْسِي فَقُلْتُ وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يُصْلِحُنِي فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ قَالَ وَأَنَا أَقُولُ فِي نَفْسِي لَئِنْ قَالَ لِي الثَّالِثَةَ لَأَقُولَنَّ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِيَ الثَّالِثَةَ «يَا رَبِيعَةُ أَلَا تَتَزَوَّجُ؟» قَالَ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مُرْنِي بِمَا شِئْتَ أَوْ بِمَا أَحْبَبْتَ قَالَ انْطَلِقْ إِلَى آلِ فُلَانٍ إِلَى حَيٍّ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِيهِمْ تَرَاخي عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْ لَهُمْ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُقْرِئُكُمُ السَّلَامَ وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تُزَوِّجُوا رَبِيعَةَ فُلَانَةً امْرَأَةً مِنْهُمْ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُهُمْ فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ قَالُوا مَرْحَبًا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَبِرَسُولِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَاللَّهِ لَا يَرْجِعُ رَسُولُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَّا بِحَاجَتِهِ قَالَ فَأَكْرَمُونِي وَزَوَّجُونِي وَأَلْطَفُونِي وَلَمْ يَسْأَلُونِي الْبَيِّنَةَ فَرَجَعْتُ حَزِينًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا بَالُكَ؟» فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَتَيْتُ قَوْمًا كِرَامًا فَزَوَّجُونِي وَأَكْرَمُونِي وَأَلْطَفُونِي وَلَمْ يَسْأَلُونِي الْبَيِّنَةَ فَمِنْ أَيْنَ لِيَ الصَّدَاقُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِبُرَيْدَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ «يَا بُرَيْدَةُ اجْمَعُوا لَهُ وَزْنَ نَوَاةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ» قَالَ فَجَمَعُوا لِهُ وَزْنَ نَوَاةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «اذْهَبْ بِهَذَا إِلَيْهِمْ وَقُلْ هَذَا صَدَاقُهَا» فَذَهَبْتُ بِهِ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقُلْتُ هَذَا صَدَاقُهَا قَالَ فَقَالُوا كَثِيرٌ طَيِّبٌ فَقَبِلُوا وَرَضُوا بِهِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ مِنْ أَيْنَ أُولِمُ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ «يَا بُرَيْدَةُ اجْمَعُوا لَهُ فِي شَاةٍ» قَالَ فَجَمَعُوا لِهُ فِي كَبْشٍ سَمِينٍ قَالَ وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ اذْهَبْ إِلَى عَائِشَةَ فَقُلِ انْظُرِي إِلَى الْمِكْتَلَ الَّذِي فِيهِ الطَّعَامُ فَابْعَثِي بِهِ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُ عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا ذَاكَ فَقَالَتْ هَا هُوَ ذَاكَ الْمِكْتَلُ فِيهِ سَبْعَةُ آصُعٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ وَاللَّهِ إِنْ أَصْبَحَ لَنَا طَعَامٌ غَيْرُهُ قَالَ فَأَخَذْتُهُ فَجِئْتُ بِهِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ اذْهَبْ بِهَا إِلَيْهِمْ فَقُلْ لِيُصْلَحْ هَذَا عِنْدَكُمْ خُبْزًا قَالَ فَذَهَبْتُ بِهِ وَبِالْكَبْشِ فَقَالَ فَقَبِلُوا الطَّعَامَ وَقَالُوا اكْفُونَا أَنْتُمُ الْكَبْشَ قَالَ وَجَاءَ نَاسٌ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ فَذَبَحُوا وَسَلَخُوا وَطَبَخُوا قَالَ فَأَصْبَحَ عِنْدَنَا خُبْزٌ وَلَحْمٌ فَأَوْلَمْتُ وَدَعَوْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺلم يحتج مسلم بمبارك  

[Machine] About Al-Hasan's statement about Allah's statement, "So do not prevent them from marrying their [former] husbands" [Quran 2:232], Ma'qil ibn Yasar al-Muzani said that this verse was revealed about him. He said, "I married my sister to a man who divorced her. When her waiting period ended, he came to propose to her again. I said to him, 'I married her to you, provided for you, and honored you, and yet you divorced her. Now you come to propose to her? By Allah, she will never go back to you.' He said, 'He was a good man, and the woman wanted to return to him.' Allah then revealed this verse, and I said, 'Now, O Messenger of Allah, I will marry her to him.' Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ishaq said, 'In this hadith, there is clear evidence that Allah has given the authority of the marriage contract to the guardians, not the women, even if they are divorcees. There is no say for the women in the contract.'"  

عَنِ الْحَسَنِ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ ﷻ {فَلَا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ أَنْ يَنْكِحْنَ أَزْوَاجَهُنَّ} [البقرة 232] قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَعْقِلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ الْمُزَنِيُّ أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ قَالَ كُنْتُ زَوَّجْتُ أُخْتًا لِي مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَطَلَّقَهَا حَتَّى إِذَا انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا جَاءَ يَخْطُبُهَا فَقُلْتُ لَهُ زَوَّجْتُكَ وَفَرَّشْتُكَ وَأَكْرَمْتُكَ فَطَلَّقْتَهَا ثُمَّ جِئْتَ تَخْطُبُهَا لَا وَاللَّهِ لَا تَعُودُ إِلَيْهَا أَبَدًا قَالَ وَكَانَ رَجُلًا لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ وَكَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَرْجِعَ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ فَقُلْتُ «الْآنَ أَفْعَلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَزَوَّجْتُهَا إِيَّاهُ» قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ «فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ دَلَالَةٌ وَاضِحَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ اللَّهَ ﷻ جَعَلَ عَقْدَ النِّكَاحِ إِلَى الْأَوْلِيَاءِ دُونَهُنَّ وَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ إِلَى النِّسَاءِ وَإِنْ كُنَّ ثَيِّبَاتٍ مِنَ الْعَقْدِ شَيْءُ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whichever woman is married by two guardians, then she belongs to the first one, and whichever two men have a transaction, then it belongs to the first one among them." Sa'id bin Abu 'Aruba and Sa'id bin Bashir Al-Dimashqi narrated this on the terms of Al-Bukhari.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ زَوَّجَهَا وَلِيَّانِ فَهِيَ لِلْأَوَّلِ وَأَيُّمَا رَجُلَيْنِ ابْتَاعَا بَيْعًا فَهُوَ لِلْأَوَّلِ مِنْهُمَا» تَابَعَهُ سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ عَنْ قَتَادَةَعلى شرط البخاري