Caution: Translations of Quran and Ḥadīth may lead to possible misapplications and misinterpretations. This site is intended for students of sacred knowledge that are proficient in comprehending classical Arabic and have a strong foundation in Islamic sciences. Also note that religious injunctions rely on several aspects beyond what one may glean through reading individual aḥādīth.
Qurʾān Bukhārī Muslim Nasāʾī Abū Dāwūd Tirmidhī Ibn Mājah Mālik Aḥmad Dārimī Ḥākim Ibn Ḥibbān Ṭabarānī Nasāʾī's Kubrá Bayhaqī al-Luʾluʾ wa-al-Marjān Ibn Rajab's Fifty Riyāḍ al-Ṣāliḥīn Aḥmad's Zuhd Suyūṭī
bukhari:3703 – ʿAbdullāh b. Maslamah > ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Abū Ḥāzim from his father > a man Jāʾ > Sahl b. Saʿd > Hadhā Fulān Lʾamīr al-Madīnah Yadʿū ʿAlī ʿInd al-Minbar > Mādhā > Lah Abū Turāb Faḍaḥik

A man came to Sahl bin Saʿd and said, "This is so-and-so," meaning the Governor of Medina, "He is calling ʿAli bad names near the pulpit." Sahl asked, "What is he saying?" He (i.e. the man) replied, "He calls him (i.e. ʿAli) Abu Turab." Sahl laughed and said, "By Allah, none but the Prophet ﷺ called him by this name and no name was dearer to ʿAli than this." So I asked Sahl to tell me more, saying, "O Abu ʿAbbas! How (was this name given to ʿAli)?" Sahl said, "ʿAli went to Fatima and then came out and slept in the Mosque. The Prophet ﷺ asked Fatima, "Where is your cousin?" She said, "In the Mosque." The Prophet ﷺ went to him and found that his (i.e. ʿAli's) covering sheet had slipped of his back and dust had soiled his back. The Prophet ﷺ started wiping the dust off his back and said twice, "Get up! O Abu Turab (i.e. O. man with the dust).  

البخاري:٣٧٠٣ – حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَجُلاً جَاءَ إِلَى سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ فَقَالَ

هَذَا فُلاَنٌ لأَمِيرِ الْمَدِينَةِ يَدْعُو عَلِيًّا عِنْدَ الْمِنْبَرِ قَالَ فَيَقُولُ مَاذَا قَالَ يَقُولُ لَهُ أَبُو تُرَابٍ فَضَحِكَ قَالَ وَاللَّهِ مَا سَمَّاهُ إِلاَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَمَا كَانَ لَهُ اسْمٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْهُ فَاسْتَطْعَمْتُ الْحَدِيثَ سَهْلاً وَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا عَبَّاسٍ كَيْفَ قَالَ دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَاضْطَجَعَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَيْنَ ابْنُ عَمِّكِ قَالَتْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ فَوَجَدَ رِدَاءَهُ قَدْ سَقَطَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ وَخَلَصَ التُّرَابُ إِلَى ظَهْرِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَمْسَحُ التُّرَابَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ فَيَقُولُ اجْلِسْ يَا أَبَا تُرَابٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ  

See similar narrations below:

Collected by Ibn Ḥibbān, Ṭabarānī

ذِكْرُ تَسْمِيَةِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ عَلِيًّا أَبَا تُرَابٍ

ibnhibban:6925 – Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan b. Khalīl > Hishām b. ʿAmmār > ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Abū Ḥāzim from his father > Sahl b. Saʿd > a man Jāʾah

[Machine] This is Fulan, a prince from the city, inviting you to insult Ali on the pulpit. He said, "What should I say?" He said, "You say to him, Abu Turab." Sahl laughed and said, "By Allah, no one called him Abu Turab except the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Ali never had a name dearer to him than this." Ali entered upon Fatimah, then left and came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Fatimah. He said, "Where is your cousin?" She said, "He is lying in the mosque." The Prophet ﷺ went out and found his cloak had fallen off his back. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ wiped the dust off his back and said, "Sit, Abu Turab." By Allah, no name was dearer to Ali than this name, only the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called him by this name.  

ابن حبّان:٦٩٢٥ – أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ خَلِيلٍ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا جَاءَهُ فَقَالَ

هَذَا فُلَانٌ أَمِيرٌ مِنْ أُمَرَاءِ الْمَدِينَةِ يَدْعُوكَ لتَسُبَّ عَلِيًّا عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ قَالَ أَقُولُ مَاذَا؟ قَالَ تَقُولُ لَهُ أَبُو تُرَابٍ فَضَحِكَ سَهْلٌ فَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ مَا سَمَّاهُ إِيَّاهُ إِلَّا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا كَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ اسْمٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْهُ دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاطِمَةَ فَقَالَ «أَيْنَ ابْنُ عَمِّكِ؟ » قَالَتْ هُوَ ذَا مُضْطَجِعٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَوَجَدَ رِدَاءَهُ قَدْ سَقَطَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَمْسَحُ التُّرَابَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ وَيَقُولُ «اجْلِسْ أَبَا تُرَابٍ» وَاللَّهِ مَا كَانَ اسْمٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْهُ مَا سَمَّاهُ إِيَّاهُ إِلَّا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ  

tabarani:5879 – Yaḥyá b. Ayyūb > Yaḥyá b. Bukayr > ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Abū Ḥāzim from his father > Sahl b. Saʿd > a man Atāh > Hadhā Fulān Laʾamīr

[Machine] This is Fulan, a prince from the city, inviting you tomorrow to meet at the pulpit. He said, "What should I say?" He said, "You should say, 'Abu Turab.'" Sahel laughed and then said, "By Allah, no one called him by this name except the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and by Allah, there was no name dearer to him than this." Abdul Aziz said, "My father, O Abu Abbas, how did that happen?" He said, "Ali entered upon Fatima, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , then he came out and lay down in the mosque. Then the Prophet ﷺ entered upon Fatima and said, 'Where is your cousin?' She said, 'He is over there in the mosque.' So the Prophet ﷺ went out and found his cloak had fallen from his back and dust had settled on it. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wiped the dust off his back and said, 'Sit, O Abu Turab, sit, O Abu Turab.' By Allah, there was no name dearer to him than the name that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called him."  

الطبراني:٥٨٧٩ – حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَاهُ فَقَالَ

هَذَا فُلَانٌ لَأَمِيرٌ مِنْ أُمَرَاءِ الْمَدِينَةِ يَدْعُوكَ غَدًا فَتَسُبَّ عَلِيًّا عِنْدَ الْمِنْبَرِ قَالَ فَأَقُولُ مَاذَا؟ قَالَ تَقُولُ أَبُو تُرَابٍ فَضَحِكَ سَهْلٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَاللهِ مَا سَمَّاهُ إِيَّاهُ إِلَّا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَاللهِ مَا كَانَ مِنِ اسْمٍ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْهُ قَالَ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ فَقَالَ أَبِي يَا أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ كَيْفَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَاضْطَجَعَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ فَقَالَ «أَيْنَ ابْنُ عَمِّكِ؟» قَالَتْ هُوَ ذَاكَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَوَجَدَ رِدَاءَهُ قَدْ سَقَطَتْ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ وَخَلُصَ التُّرَابُ إِلَى ظَهْرِهِ فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَمْسَحُ التُّرَابَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ وَيَقُولُ «اجْلِسْ أَبَا تُرَابٍ اجْلِسْ أَبَا تُرَابٍ» وَاللهِ مَا كَانَ لَهُ اسْمٌ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْهُ مَا سَمَّاهُ إِيَّاهُ إِلَّا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ