Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Tomorrow I will give the flag to a man with whose leadership Allah will grant (the Muslim) victory." So the people kept on thinking the whole night as to who would be given the flag. The next morning the people went to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and every one of them hoped that he would be given the flag. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Where is ʿAli bin Abi Talib?" The people replied, "He is suffering from eye trouble, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ." He said, "Send for him and bring him to me." So when ʿAli came, the Prophet ﷺ spat in his eyes and invoked good on him, and be became alright as if he had no ailment. The Prophet ﷺ then gave him the flag. ʿAli said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Shall I fight them (i.e. enemy) till they become like us?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Proceed to them steadily till you approach near to them and then invite them to Islam and inform them of their duties towards Allah which Islam prescribes for them, for by Allah, if one man is guided on the right path (i.e. converted to Islam) through you, it would be better for you than (a great number of) red camels."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لأُعْطِيَنَّ الرَّايَةَ غَدًا رَجُلاً يَفْتَحُ اللَّهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ قَالَ فَبَاتَ النَّاسُ يَدُوكُونَ لَيْلَتَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ يُعْطَاهَا فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ النَّاسُ غَدَوْا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ كُلُّهُمْ يَرْجُو أَنْ يُعْطَاهَا فَقَالَ أَيْنَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقَالُوا يَشْتَكِي عَيْنَيْهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَأَرْسِلُوا إِلَيْهِ فَأْتُونِي بِهِ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ بَصَقَ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ وَدَعَا لَهُ فَبَرَأَ حَتَّى كَأَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِهِ وَجَعٌ فَأَعْطَاهُ الرَّايَةَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أُقَاتِلُهُمْ حَتَّى يَكُونُوا مِثْلَنَا فَقَالَ انْفُذْ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ حَتَّى تَنْزِلَ بِسَاحَتِهِمْ ثُمَّ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى الإِسْلاَمِ وَأَخْبِرْهُمْ بِمَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ حَقِّ اللَّهِ فِيهِ فَوَاللَّهِ لأَنْ يَهْدِيَ اللَّهُ بِكَ رَجُلاً وَاحِدًا خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَكَ حُمْرُ النَّعَمِ

ʿAli happened to stay behind the Prophet ﷺ and (did not join him) during the battle of Khaibar for he was having eye trouble. Then he said, "How could I remain behind Messenger of Allah ﷺ?" So ʿAli set out following the Prophet ﷺ , When it was the eve of the day in the morning of which Allah helped (the Muslims) to conquer it, Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I will give the flag (to a man), or tomorrow a man whom Allah and His Apostle love will take the flag," or said, "A man who loves Allah and His Apostle; and Allah will grant victory under his leadership." Suddenly came ʿAli whom we did not expect. The people said, "This is ʿAli." Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave him the flag and Allah granted victory under his leadership.

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي خَيْبَرَ وَكَانَ بِهِ رَمَدٌ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَتَخَلَّفُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَخَرَجَ عَلِيٌّ فَلَحِقَ بِالنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مَسَاءُ اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي فَتَحَهَا اللَّهُ فِي صَبَاحِهَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لأُعْطِيَنَّ الرَّايَةَ أَوْ لَيَأْخُذَنَّ الرَّايَةَ غَدًا رَجُلاً يُحِبُّهُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَوْ قَالَ يُحِبُّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يَفْتَحُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا نَحْنُ بِعَلِيٍّ وَمَا نَرْجُوهُ فَقَالُوا هَذَا عَلِيٌّ فَأَعْطَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ

A man came to Sahl bin Saʿd and said, "This is so-and-so," meaning the Governor of Medina, "He is calling ʿAli bad names near the pulpit." Sahl asked, "What is he saying?" He (i.e. the man) replied, "He calls him (i.e. ʿAli) Abu Turab." Sahl laughed and said, "By Allah, none but the Prophet ﷺ called him by this name and no name was dearer to ʿAli than this." So I asked Sahl to tell me more, saying, "O Abu ʿAbbas! How (was this name given to ʿAli)?" Sahl said, "ʿAli went to Fatima and then came out and slept in the Mosque. The Prophet ﷺ asked Fatima, "Where is your cousin?" She said, "In the Mosque." The Prophet ﷺ went to him and found that his (i.e. ʿAli's) covering sheet had slipped of his back and dust had soiled his back. The Prophet ﷺ started wiping the dust off his back and said twice, "Get up! O Abu Turab (i.e. O. man with the dust).

هَذَا فُلاَنٌ لأَمِيرِ الْمَدِينَةِ يَدْعُو عَلِيًّا عِنْدَ الْمِنْبَرِ قَالَ فَيَقُولُ مَاذَا قَالَ يَقُولُ لَهُ أَبُو تُرَابٍ فَضَحِكَ قَالَ وَاللَّهِ مَا سَمَّاهُ إِلاَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَمَا كَانَ لَهُ اسْمٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْهُ فَاسْتَطْعَمْتُ الْحَدِيثَ سَهْلاً وَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا عَبَّاسٍ كَيْفَ قَالَ دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَاضْطَجَعَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَيْنَ ابْنُ عَمِّكِ قَالَتْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ فَوَجَدَ رِدَاءَهُ قَدْ سَقَطَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ وَخَلَصَ التُّرَابُ إِلَى ظَهْرِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَمْسَحُ التُّرَابَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ فَيَقُولُ اجْلِسْ يَا أَبَا تُرَابٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ

A man came to Ibn ʿUmar and asked about ʿUthman and Ibn ʿUmar mentioned his good deeds and said to the questioner. "Perhaps these facts annoy you?" The other said, "Yes." Ibn ʿUmar said, "May Allah stick your nose in the dust (i.e. degrade you)!' Then the man asked him about ʿAli. Ibn ʿUmar mentioned his good deeds and said, "It is all true, and that is his house in the midst of the houses of the Prophet. Perhaps these facts have hurt you?" The questioner said, "Yes." Ibn ʿUmar said, "May Allah stick your nose in the dust (i.e. degrade you or make you do things which you hate) ! Go away and do whatever you can against me."

هُوَ ذَاكَ بَيْتُهُ أَوْسَطُ بُيُوتِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَعَلَّ ذَاكَ يَسُوؤُكَ قَالَ أَجَلْ قَالَ فَأَرْغَمَ اللَّهُ بِأَنْفِكَ انْطَلِقْ فَاجْهَدْ عَلَىَّ جَهْدَكَ

˹Ali said:˺ Fatimah complained of the ˹suffering˺ caused to her by ˹excessive use of˺ the hand mill. ˹Since˺ some captives were brought to the Prophet ﷺ, she came to him but did not find him. However, she found Aishah and then told her ˹about her need for some help˺. When the Prophet ﷺ came, Aishah informed him about Fatimah's visit. So the Prophet ﷺ came to us, while we had gone to bed I wanted to get up but the Prophet ﷺ said: "˹You may˺ stay as you are." Then he sat down between us till I found the coolness of his feet on my chest. Then he said, "Shall I not teach you a thing which is better than what you have asked me? When you go to bed, say:

'Allāhu akbar' thirty-four times, and 'subḥān Allāh' thirty-three times, and 'al-ḥamdu lillāh' thirty-three times

for that is better for you both than a servant."

أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ شَكَتْ مَا تَلْقَى مِنْ أَثَرِ الرَّحَا۔ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ سَبْىٌ، فَانْطَلَقَتْ فَلَمْ تَجِدْهُ۔ فَوَجَدَتْ عَائِشَةَ فَأَخْبَرَتْهَا۔ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَخْبَرَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ بِمَجِيءِ فَاطِمَةَ۔ فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَيْنَا وَقَدْ أَخَذْنَا مَضَاجِعَنَا۔ فَذَهَبْتُ لأَقُومَ فَقَالَ: «عَلَى مَكَانِكُمَا۔» فَقَعَدَ بَيْنَنَا حَتَّى وَجَدْتُ بَرْدَ قَدَمَيْهِ عَلَى صَدْرِي، وَقَالَ: «أَلاَ أُعَلِّمُكُمَا خَيْرًا مِمَّا سَأَلْتُمَانِي؟ إِذَا أَخَذْتُمَا مَضَاجِعَكُمَا:

تُكَبِّرَا أَرْبَعًا وَثَلاَثِينَ، وَتُسَبِّحَا ثَلاَثًا وَثَلاَثِينَ، وَتَحْمَدَا ثَلاَثَةً وَثَلاَثِينَ،

فَهْوَ خَيْرٌ لَكُمَا مِنْ خَادِمٍ۔»

And narrated Sad that the Prophet ﷺ said to 'Ali, "Will you not be pleased from this that you are to me like Aaron was to Moses?"

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِعَلِيٍّ أَمَا تَرْضَى أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى

Ali said (to the people of 'Iraq), "Judge as you used to judge, for I hate differences (and I do my best ) till the people unite as one group, or I die as my companions have died."

أَنَّ عَامَّةَ مَا يُرْوَى عَلَى عَلِيٍّ الْكَذِبُ