The Prophet ﷺ went out to offer the Istisqa' prayer and turned (and put on) his cloak inside out.  

خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَسْتَسْقِي وَحَوَّلَ رِدَاءَهُ  

Whenever the Prophet ﷺ lifted his head from the bowing in the last rakʿa he used to say: "O Allah! Save ʿAiyash bin Abi Rabiʿa. O Allah! Save Salama bin Hisham. O Allah! Save Walid bin Walid. O Allah! Save the weak faithful believers. O Allah! Be hard on the tribes of Mudar and send (famine) years on them like the famine years of (Prophet) Joseph ." The Prophet ﷺ further said, "Allah forgive the tribes of Ghifar and save the tribes of Aslam." Abu Az-Zinad (a sub-narrator) said, "The Qunut used to be recited by the Prophet ﷺ in the Fajr prayer."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الرَّكْعَةِ الآخِرَةِ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِ عَيَّاشَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِ سَلَمَةَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اللَّهُمَّ اشْدُدْ وَطْأَتَكَ عَلَى مُضَرَ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهَا سِنِينَ كَسِنِي يُوسُفَ وَأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ غِفَارُ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهَا وَأَسْلَمُ سَالَمَهَا اللَّهُ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ هَذَا كُلُّهُ فِي الصُّبْحِ  

We were with ʿAbdullah and he said, "When the Prophet ﷺ saw the refusal of the people to accept Islam he said, "O Allah! Send (famine) years on them for (seven years) like the seven years (of famine during the time) of (Prophet) Joseph." So famine overtook them for one year and destroyed every kind of life to such an extent that the people started eating hides, carcasses and rotten dead animals. Whenever one of them looked towards the sky, he would (imagine himself to) see smoke because of hunger. So Abu Sufyan went to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Muhammad! You order people to obey Allah and to keep good relations with kith and kin. No doubt the people of your tribe are dying, so please pray to Allah for them." So Allah revealed: "Then watch you For the day that The sky will bring forth a kind Of smoke Plainly visible ... Verily! You will return (to disbelief) On the day when We shall seize You with a mighty grasp. (44.10-16) Ibn Masʿud added, "Al-Batsha (i.e. grasp) happened in the battle of Badr and no doubt smoke, Al-Batsha, Al-Lizam, and the verse of Surat Ar-Rum have all passed .  

إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَمَّا رَأَى مِنَ النَّاسِ إِدْبَارًا قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ سَبْعٌ كَسَبْعِ يُوسُفَ فَأَخَذَتْهُمْ سَنَةٌ حَصَّتْ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ حَتَّى أَكَلُوا الْجُلُودَ وَالْمَيْتَةَ وَالْجِيَفَ وَيَنْظُرَ أَحَدُهُمْ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَيَرَى الدُّخَانَ مِنَ الْجُوعِ فَأَتَاهُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّكَ تَأْمُرُ بِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَبِصِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ وَإِنَّ قَوْمَكَ قَدْ هَلَكُوا فَادْعُ اللَّهَ لَهُمْ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى {فَارْتَقِبْ يَوْمَ تَأْتِي السَّمَاءُ بِدُخَانٍ مُبِينٍ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {عَائِدُونَ * يَوْمَ نَبْطِشُ الْبَطْشَةَ الْكُبْرَى} فَالْبَطْشَةُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَقَدْ مَضَتِ الدُّخَانُ وَالْبَطْشَةُ وَاللِّزَامُ وَآيَةُ الرُّومِ  

My father said, "I heard Ibn ʿUmar reciting the poetic verses of Abu Talib: And a white (person) (i.e. the Prophet) who is requested to pray for rain and who takes care of the orphans and is the guardian of widows." Salim's father (Ibn ʿUmar) said, "The following poetic verse occurred to my mind while I was looking at the face of the Prophet ﷺ while he was praying for rain. He did not get down till the rain water flowed profusely from every roof-gutter: And a white (person) who is requested to pray for rain and who takes care of the orphans and is the guardian of widows . . . And these were the words of Abu Talib."  

عَنْ أَبِيهِ رُبَّمَا ذَكَرْتُ قَوْلَ الشَّاعِرِ وَأَنَا أَنْظُرُ إِلَى وَجْهِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَسْتَسْقِي فَمَا يَنْزِلُ حَتَّى يَجِيشَ كُلُّ مِيزَابٍ وَأَبْيَضَ يُسْتَسْقَى الْغَمَامُ بِوَجْهِهِ ثِمَالَ الْيَتَامَى عِصْمَةً لِلأَرَامِلِ وَهْوَ قَوْلُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ  

Whenever drought threatened them, ʿUmar bin Al-Khattab, used to ask Al-Abbas bin ʿAbdul Muttalib to invoke Allah for rain. He used to say, "O Allah! We used to ask our Prophet to invoke You for rain, and You would bless us with rain, and now we ask his uncle to invoke You for rain. O Allah ! Bless us with rain."(1) And so it would rain.  

اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَتَوَسَّلُ إِلَيْكَ بِنَبِيِّنَا فَتَسْقِينَا وَإِنَّا نَتَوَسَّلُ إِلَيْكَ بِعَمِّ نَبِيِّنَا فَاسْقِنَا قَالَ فَيُسْقَوْنَ  

The Prophet ﷺ turned his cloak inside out on Istisqa.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ اسْتَسْقَى فَقَلَبَ رِدَاءَهُ  

The Prophet ﷺ went towards the Musalla and invoked Allah for rain. He faced the Qibla and wore his cloak inside out, and offered two rakʿat.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْمُصَلَّى فَاسْتَسْقَى فَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ وَقَلَبَ رِدَاءَهُ وَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ كَانَ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ يَقُولُ هُوَ صَاحِبُ الأَذَانِ وَلَكِنَّهُ وَهْمٌ لأَنَّ هَذَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ الْمَازِنِيُّ مَازِنُ الأَنْصَارِ  

I heard Anas bin Malik saying, "On a Friday a person entered the main Mosque through the gate facing the pulpit while Messenger of Allah ﷺ was delivering the Khutba. The man stood in front of Allah's Apostle and said, 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! The livestock are dying and the roads are cut off; so please pray to Allah for rain.' " Anas added, "Messenger of Allah ﷺ raised both his hands and said, 'O Allah! Bless us with rain! O Allah! Bless us with rain! O Allah! Bless us with rain!' " Anas added, "By Allah, we could not see any trace of cloud in the sky and there was no building or a house between us and (the mountains of) Sila." Anas added, "A heavy cloud like a shield appeared from behind it (i.e. Sila' Mountain). When it came in the middle of the sky, it spread and then rained." Anas further said, "By Allah! We could not see the sun for a week. Next Friday a person entered through the same gate and at that time Messenger of Allah ﷺ was delivering the Friday's Khutba. The man stood in front of him and said, 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! The livestock are dying and the roads are cut off, please pray to Allah to withhold rain.' " Anas added, "Messenger of Allah ﷺ I raised both his hands and said, 'O Allah! Round about us and not on us. O Allah! On the plateaus, on the mountains, on the hills, in the valleys and on the places where trees grow.' So the rain stopped and we came out walking in the sun." Sharik asked Anas whether it was the same person who had asked for the rain (the last Friday). Anas replied that he did not know.  

أَنَّ رَجُلاً دَخَلَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ مِنْ باب كَانَ وُجَاهَ الْمِنْبَرِ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَائِمٌ يَخْطُبُ فَاسْتَقْبَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَائِمًا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلَكَتِ الْمَوَاشِي وَانْقَطَعَتِ السُّبُلُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ يُغِيثُنَا قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ اسْقِنَا اللَّهُمَّ اسْقِنَا اللَّهُمَّ اسْقِنَا قَالَ أَنَسٌ وَلاَ وَاللَّهِ مَا نَرَى فِي السَّمَاءِ مِنْ سَحَابٍ وَلاَ قَزَعَةً وَلاَ شَيْئًا وَمَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ سَلْعٍ مِنْ بَيْتٍ وَلاَ دَارٍ قَالَ فَطَلَعَتْ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ سَحَابَةٌ مِثْلُ التُّرْسِ فَلَمَّا تَوَسَّطَتِ السَّمَاءَ انْتَشَرَتْ ثُمَّ أَمْطَرَتْ قَالَ وَاللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْنَا الشَّمْسَ سِتًّا ثُمَّ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْبَابِ فِي الْجُمُعَةِ الْمُقْبِلَةِ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَائِمٌ يَخْطُبُ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ قَائِمًا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلَكَتِ الأَمْوَالُ وَانْقَطَعَتِ السُّبُلُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ يُمْسِكْهَا قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ حَوَالَيْنَا وَلاَ عَلَيْنَا اللَّهُمَّ عَلَى الآكَامِ وَالْجِبَالِ وَالآجَامِ وَالظِّرَابِ وَالأَوْدِيَةِ وَمَنَابِتِ الشَّجَرِ قَالَ فَانْقَطَعَتْ وَخَرَجْنَا نَمْشِي فِي الشَّمْسِ قَالَ شَرِيكٌ فَسَأَلْتُ أَنَسًا أَهُوَ الرَّجُلُ الأَوَّلُ قَالَ لاَ أَدْرِي  

Anas bin Malik said, "A person entered the Mosque on a Friday through the gate facing the Daril- Qada' and Messenger of Allah ﷺ was standing delivering the Khutba (sermon). The man stood in front of Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, livestock are dying and the roads are cut off; please pray to Allah for rain.' So Messenger of Allah ﷺ raised both his hands and said, 'O Allah! Bless us with rain. O Allah! Bless us with rain. O Allah! Bless us with rain!" Anas added, "By Allah, there were no clouds in the sky and there was no house or building between us and the mountain of Sila'. Then a big cloud like a shield appeared from behind it (i.e. Silas Mountain) and when it came in the middle of the sky, it spread and then rained. By Allah! We could not see the sun for a week. The next Friday, a person entered through the same gate and Messenger of Allah ﷺ was delivering the Friday Khutba and the man stood in front of him and said, 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! The livestock are dying and the roads are cut off; Please pray to Allah to withhold rain.' " Anas added, "Messenger of Allah ﷺ raised both his hands and said, 'O Allah! Round about us and not on us. O Allah!' On the plateaus, on the mountains, on the hills, in the valleys and on the places where trees grow.' " Anas added, "The rain stopped and we came out, walking in the sun." Sharik asked Anas whether it was the same person who had asked for rain the previous Friday. Anas replied that he did not know.  

أَنَّ رَجُلاً دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ مِنْ بَابٍ كَانَ نَحْوَ دَارِ الْقَضَاءِ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَائِمٌ يَخْطُبُ فَاسْتَقْبَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَائِمًا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلَكَتِ الأَمْوَالُ وَانْقَطَعَتِ السُّبُلُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ يُغِيثُنَا فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ أَغِثْنَا اللَّهُمَّ أَغِثْنَا اللَّهُمَّ أَغِثْنَا قَالَ أَنَسٌ وَلاَ وَاللَّهِ مَا نَرَى فِي السَّمَاءِ مِنْ سَحَابٍ وَلاَ قَزَعَةً وَمَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ سَلْعٍ مِنْ بَيْتٍ وَلاَ دَارٍ قَالَ فَطَلَعَتْ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ سَحَابَةٌ مِثْلُ التُّرْسِ فَلَمَّا تَوَسَّطَتِ السَّمَاءَ انْتَشَرَتْ ثُمَّ أَمْطَرَتْ فَلاَ وَاللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْنَا الشَّمْسَ سِتًّا ثُمَّ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْبَابِ فِي الْجُمُعَةِ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَائِمٌ يَخْطُبُ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ قَائِمًا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلَكَتِ الأَمْوَالُ وَانْقَطَعَتِ السُّبُلُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ يُمْسِكْهَا عَنَّا قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ حَوَالَيْنَا وَلاَ عَلَيْنَا اللَّهُمَّ عَلَى الآكَامِ وَالظِّرَابِ وَبُطُونِ الأَوْدِيَةِ وَمَنَابِتِ الشَّجَرِ قَالَ فَأَقْلَعَتْ وَخَرَجْنَا نَمْشِي فِي الشَّمْسِ قَالَ شَرِيكٌ سَأَلْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ أَهُوَ الرَّجُلُ الأَوَّلُ فَقَالَ مَا أَدْرِي  

Anas I said, "While Messenger of Allah ﷺ was delivering the Friday Khutba (sermon) a man came and said, 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Rain is scarce; please ask Allah to bless us with rain.' So he invoked Allah for it, and it rained so much that we could hardly reach our homes and it continued raining till the next Friday." Anas further said, "Then the same or some other person stood up and said, 'O Allah's Apostle! Invoke Allah to withhold the rain.' On that, Messenger of Allah ﷺ I said, 'O Allah! Round about us and not on us.' " Anas added, "I saw the clouds dispersing right and left and it continued to rain but not over Medina."  

بَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَخْطُبُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِذْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَحَطَ الْمَطَرُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَسْقِيَنَا فَدَعَا فَمُطِرْنَا فَمَا كِدْنَا أَنْ نَصِلَ إِلَى مَنَازِلِنَا فَمَا زِلْنَا نُمْطَرُ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ الْمُقْبِلَةِ قَالَ فَقَامَ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ أَوْ غَيْرُهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَصْرِفَهُ عَنَّا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اللَّهُمَّ حَوَالَيْنَا وَلاَ عَلَيْنَا قَالَ فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ السَّحَابَ يَتَقَطَّعُ يَمِينًا وَشِمَالاً يُمْطَرُونَ وَلاَ يُمْطَرُ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ  

A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "Livestock are destroyed and the roads are cut off." So Messenger of Allah ﷺ invoked Allah for rain and it rained from that Friday till the next Friday. The same person came again and said, "Houses have collapsed, roads are cut off, and the livestock are destroyed. Please pray to Allah to withhold the rain." Messenger of Allah ﷺ (stood up and) said, "O Allah! (Let it rain) on the plateaus, on the hills, in the valleys and over the places where trees grow." So the clouds cleared away from Medina as clothes are taken off .  

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ هَلَكَتِ الْمَوَاشِي وَتَقَطَّعَتِ السُّبُلُ فَدَعَا فَمُطِرْنَا مِنَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَقَالَ تَهَدَّمَتِ الْبُيُوتُ وَتَقَطَّعَتِ السُّبُلُ وَهَلَكَتِ الْمَوَاشِي فَادْعُ اللَّهَ يُمْسِكْهَا فَقَامَ ﷺ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ عَلَى الآكَامِ وَالظِّرَابِ وَالأَوْدِيَةِ وَمَنَابِتِ الشَّجَرِ فَانْجَابَتْ عَنِ الْمَدِينَةِ انْجِيَابَ الثَّوْبِ  

A man came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Livestock are destroyed and the roads are cut off. So please invoke Allah." So Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed and it rained from that Friday to the next Friday. Then he came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ I and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Houses have collapsed, roads are cut off and the livestock are destroyed." So Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed, "O Allah! (Let it rain) on the tops of mountains, on the plateaus, in the valleys and over the places where trees grow." So the clouds cleared away from Medina as clothes are taken off.  

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلَكَتِ الْمَوَاشِي وَانْقَطَعَتِ السُّبُلُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَمُطِرُوا مِنْ جُمُعَةٍ إِلَى جُمُعَةٍ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَهَدَّمَتِ الْبُيُوتُ وَتَقَطَّعَتِ السُّبُلُ وَهَلَكَتِ الْمَوَاشِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اللَّهُمَّ عَلَى رُءُوسِ الْجِبَالِ وَالآكَامِ وَبُطُونِ الأَوْدِيَةِ وَمَنَابِتِ الشَّجَرِ فَانْجَابَتْ عَنِ الْمَدِينَةِ انْجِيَابَ الثَّوْبِ  

I p man complained to the Prophet ﷺ about the destruction of livestock and property and the hunger of the offspring. So he invoked (Allah for rain. The narrator (Anas) did not mention that the Prophet ﷺ had worn his cloak inside out or faced the Qibla.  

أَنَّ رَجُلاً شَكَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ هَلاَكَ الْمَالِ وَجَهْدَ الْعِيَالِ فَدَعَا اللَّهَ يَسْتَسْقِي وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ أَنَّهُ حَوَّلَ رِدَاءَهُ وَلاَ اسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ  

A man came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Livestock are destroyed and the roads are cut off; so please invoke Allah." So Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed for rain and it rained from that Friday till the next Friday. Then a man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! The houses have collapsed, roads are cut off and the livestock are destroyed." So Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "O Allah ! (Let it rain) on the tops of the mountains, on the plateaus, in the valleys and over the places where trees grow." So the clouds cleared away from Medina as clothes are taken off.  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلَكَتِ الْمَوَاشِي وَتَقَطَّعَتِ السُّبُلُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ فَدَعَا اللَّهَ فَمُطِرْنَا مِنَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَهَدَّمَتِ الْبُيُوتُ وَتَقَطَّعَتِ السُّبُلُ وَهَلَكَتِ الْمَوَاشِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اللَّهُمَّ عَلَى ظُهُورِ الْجِبَالِ وَالآكَامِ وَبُطُونِ الأَوْدِيَةِ وَمَنَابِتِ الشَّجَرِ فَانْجَابَتْ عَنِ الْمَدِينَةِ انْجِيَابَ الثَّوْبِ  

One day I went to Ibn Masʿud who said, "When Quraish delayed in embracing Islam, the Prophet ﷺ I invoked Allah to curse them, so they were afflicted with a (famine) year because of which many of them died and they ate the carcasses and Abu Sufyan came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'O Muhammad! You came to order people to keep good relation with kith and kin and your nation is being destroyed, so invoke Allah I ? So the Prophet ﷺ I recited the Holy verses of Sirat-Ad-Dukhan: 'Then watch you For the day that The sky will Bring forth a kind Of smoke Plainly visible.' (44.10) When the famine was taken off, the people renegade once again as nonbelievers. The statement of Allah, (in Sura "Ad- Dukhan"-44) refers to that: 'On the day when We shall seize You with a mighty grasp.' (44.16) And that was what happened on the day of the battle of Badr." Asbath added on the authority of Mansur, "Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed for them and it rained heavily for seven days. So the people complained of the excessive rain. The Prophet ﷺ said, 'O Allah! (Let it rain) around us and not on us.' So the clouds dispersed over his head and it rained over the surroundings."  

عَنِ الإِسْلاَمِ فَدَعَا عَلَيْهِمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَأَخَذَتْهُمْ سَنَةٌ حَتَّى هَلَكُوا فِيهَا وَأَكَلُوا الْمَيْتَةَ وَالْعِظَامَ فَجَاءَهُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ جِئْتَ تَأْمُرُ بِصِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ وَإِنَّ قَوْمَكَ هَلَكُوا فَادْعُ اللَّهَ فَقَرَأَ {فَارْتَقِبْ يَوْمَ تَأْتِي السَّمَاءُ بِدُخَانٍ مُبِينٍ} ثُمَّ عَادُوا إِلَى كُفْرِهِمْ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى {يَوْمَ نَبْطِشُ الْبَطْشَةَ الْكُبْرَى} يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ قَالَ وَزَادَ أَسْبَاطٌ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسُقُوا الْغَيْثَ فَأَطْبَقَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعًا وَشَكَا النَّاسُ كَثْرَةَ الْمَطَرِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ حَوَالَيْنَا وَلاَ عَلَيْنَا فَانْحَدَرَتِ السَّحَابَةُ عَنْ رَأْسِهِ فَسُقُوا النَّاسُ حَوْلَهُمْ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ I was delivering the Khutba (sermon) on a Friday when the people stood up, shouted and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! There is no rain (drought), the trees have dried and the livestock are destroyed; Please pray to Allah for rain." So Messenger of Allah ﷺ said twice, "O Allah! Bless us with rain." By Allah, there was no trace of cloud in the sky and suddenly the sky became overcast with clouds and it started raining. The Prophet ﷺ came down the pulpit and offered the prayer. When he came back from the prayer (to his house) it was raining and it rained continuously till the next Friday. When the Prophet started delivering the Friday Khutba (sermon), the people started shouting and said to him, "The houses have collapsed and the roads are cut off; so please pray to Allah to withhold the rain." So the Prophet ﷺ smiled and said, "O Allah! Round about us and not on us." So the sky became clear over Medina but it kept on raining over the outskirts (of Medina) and not a single drop of rain fell over Median. I looked towards the sky which was as bright and clear as a crown.  

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَخْطُبُ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ فَقَامَ النَّاسُ فَصَاحُوا فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَحَطَ الْمَطَرُ وَاحْمَرَّتِ الشَّجَرُ وَهَلَكَتِ الْبَهَائِمُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ يَسْقِينَا فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ اسْقِنَا مَرَّتَيْنِ وَايْمُ اللَّهِ مَا نَرَى فِي السَّمَاءِ قَزَعَةً مِنْ سَحَابٍ فَنَشَأَتْ سَحَابَةٌ وَأَمْطَرَتْ وَنَزَلَ عَنِ الْمِنْبَرِ فَصَلَّى فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ لَمْ تَزَلْ تُمْطِرُ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ الَّتِي تَلِيهَا فَلَمَّا قَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَخْطُبُ صَاحُوا إِلَيْهِ تَهَدَّمَتِ الْبُيُوتُ وَانْقَطَعَتِ السُّبُلُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ يَحْبِسُهَا عَنَّا فَتَبَسَّمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ حَوَالَيْنَا وَلاَ عَلَيْنَا فَكُشِطَتِ الْمَدِينَةُ فَجَعَلَتْ تُمْطِرُ حَوْلَهَا وَلاَ تَمْطُرُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ قَطْرَةً فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَإِنَّهَا لَفِي مِثْلِ الإِكْلِيلِ  

Narrated 'Abdullah bin Yazid Al-Ansari that he went out with Al-Bara' bin 'Azib, and Zaid bin Arqam and invoked for rain. He ('Abdullah bin Yazid) stood up but not on a pulpit and invoked Allah for rain and then offered two Rak'a prayers with loud recitation without pronouncing Adhan or Iqama. Abu Ishaq said that 'Adbullah bin Yazid had seen the Prophet ﷺ (doing the same)  

خَرَجَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ وَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ عَازِبٍ وَزَيْدُ بْنُ أَرْقَمَ ؓ فَاسْتَسْقَى فَقَامَ بِهِمْ عَلَى رِجْلَيْهِ عَلَى غَيْرِ مِنْبَرٍ فَاسْتَغْفَرَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ يَجْهَرُ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ وَلَمْ يُؤَذِّنْ وَلَمْ يُقِمْ  

that his uncle (who was one of the companions of the Prophet) had told him, "The Prophet ﷺ went out with the people to invoke Allah for rain for them. He stood up and invoked Allah for rain, then faced the Qibla and turned his cloak (inside out) and it rained."  

أَنَّ عَمَّهُ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ خَرَجَ بِالنَّاسِ يَسْتَسْقِي لَهُمْ فَقَامَ فَدَعَا اللَّهَ قَائِمًا ثُمَّ تَوَجَّهَ قِبَلَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَحَوَّلَ رِدَاءَهُ فَأُسْقُوا  

from his uncle who said, "The Prophet ﷺ went out to invoke Allah for rain. He faced the Qibla invoking Allah. He turned over his cloak (inside out) and then offered two rakʿat and recited the Qur'an aloud in them."  

خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَسْتَسْقِي فَتَوَجَّهَ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ يَدْعُو وَحَوَّلَ رِدَاءَهُ ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ جَهَرَ فِيهِمَا بِالْقِرَاءَةِ  

"I saw the Prophet ﷺ on the day when he went out to offer the Istisqa' prayer. He turned his back towards the people and faced the Qibla and asked Allah for rain. Then he turned his cloak inside out and led us in a two rakʿat prayer and recited the Qur'an aloud in them."  

رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَوْمَ خَرَجَ يَسْتَسْقِي قَالَ فَحَوَّلَ إِلَى النَّاسِ ظَهْرَهُ وَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ يَدْعُو ثُمَّ حَوَّلَ رِدَاءَهُ ثُمَّ صَلَّى لَنَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ جَهَرَ فِيهِمَا بِالْقِرَاءَةِ  

"The Prophet ﷺ invoked Allah for rain and offered a two rakʿat prayer and he put his cloak inside out."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ اسْتَسْقَى فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَقَلَبَ رِدَاءَهُ  

"The Prophet ﷺ went out to the Musalla to offer the Istisqa' prayer, faced the Qibla and offered a two rakʿat prayer and turned his cloak inside out." Narrated Abu Bakr, "The Prophet ﷺ put the right side of his cloak on his left side."  

خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى الْمُصَلَّى يَسْتَسْقِي وَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَقَلَبَ رِدَاءَهُ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ فَأَخْبَرَنِي الْمَسْعُودِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَ جَعَلَ الْيَمِينَ عَلَى الشِّمَالِ  

The Prophet ﷺ went out towards the Musalla in order to offer the Istisqa' prayer and when he intended to invoke (Allah) or started invoking, he faced the Qibla and turned his cloak inside out.  

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْمُصَلَّى يُصَلِّي وَأَنَّهُ لَمَّا دَعَا أَوْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ اسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ وَحَوَّلَ رِدَاءَهُ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ هَذَا مَازِنِيٌّ وَالأَوَّلُ كُوفِيٌّ هُوَ ابْنُ يَزِيدَ  

A bedouin came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ on a Friday and said, "O Messenger of Allah ! The livestock, the offspring, and the people have perished." So, Messenger of Allah ﷺ raised both his hands invoking Allah (for rain) and the people too raised their hands with Messenger of Allah ﷺ invoking Allah (for rain). We had not left the mosque when it started raining. It rained till the next Friday when the same man came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah! The travelers are compelled to postpone their journeys (because of excessive rain) and the roads are overflowed."  

أَتَى رَجُلٌ أَعْرَابِيٌّ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَدْوِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلَكَتِ الْمَاشِيَةُ هَلَكَ الْعِيَالُ هَلَكَ النَّاسُ فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدَيْهِ يَدْعُو وَرَفَعَ النَّاسُ أَيْدِيَهُمْ مَعَهُ يَدْعُونَ قَالَ فَمَا خَرَجْنَا مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ حَتَّى مُطِرْنَا فَمَا زِلْنَا نُمْطَرُ حَتَّى كَانَتِ الْجُمُعَةُ الأُخْرَى فَأَتَى الرَّجُلُ إِلَى نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بَشِقَ الْمُسَافِرُ وَمُنِعَ الطَّرِيقُ  

The narrator Anas added that the Prophet ﷺ raised his hands (during the invocation) to such an extent that the whiteness of his armpits was visible.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ بَيَاضَ إِبْطَيْهِ  

The Prophet ﷺ never raised his hands for any invocation except for that of Istisqa' and he used to raise them so much that the whiteness of his armpits became visible. (Note: It may be that Anas did not see the Prophet ﷺ raising his hands, but it is narrated that the Prophet ﷺ used to raise his hands for invocations other than Istisqa. See Hadith No. 807 & 808 and also see Hadith No. 612, Vol. 5).  

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لاَ يَرْفَعُ يَدَيْهِ فِي شَىْءٍ مِنْ دُعَائِهِ إِلاَّ فِي الاِسْتِسْقَاءِ وَإِنَّهُ يَرْفَعُ حَتَّى يُرَى بَيَاضُ إِبْطَيْهِ  

Whenever Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw the rain, he used to say, "O Allah! Let it be a strong fruitful rain."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا رَأَى الْمَطَرَ قَالَ صَيِّبًا نَافِعًا  

In the lifetime of Messenger of Allah ﷺ the people were afflicted with a (famine) year. While the Prophet was delivering the Khutba (sermon) on the pulpit on a Friday, a Bedouin stood up and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! The livestock are dying and the families (offspring) are hungry: please pray to Allah to bless us with rain." Messenger of Allah ﷺ raised both his hands towards the sky and at that time there was not a trace of cloud in they sky. Then the clouds started gathering like mountains. Before he got down from the pulpit I saw rainwater trickling down his beard. It rained that day, the next day, the third day, the fourth day and till the next Friday, when the same Bedouin or some other person stood up (during the Friday Khutba) and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! The houses have collapsed and the livestock are drowned. Please invoke Allah for us." So Messenger of Allah ﷺ raised both his hands and said, "O Allah! Around us and not on us." Whichever side the Prophet ﷺ directed his hand, the clouds dispersed from there till a hole (in the clouds) was formed over Medina. The valley of Qanat remained flowing (with water) for one month and none, came from outside who didn't talk about the abundant rain.  

أَصَابَتِ النَّاسَ سَنَةٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَبَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَخْطُبُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ قَامَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلَكَ الْمَالُ وَجَاعَ الْعِيَالُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ لَنَا أَنْ يَسْقِيَنَا قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدَيْهِ وَمَا فِي السَّمَاءِ قَزَعَةٌ قَالَ فَثَارَ سَحَابٌ أَمْثَالُ الْجِبَالِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ عَنْ مِنْبَرِهِ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ الْمَطَرَ يَتَحَادَرُ عَلَى لِحْيَتِهِ قَالَ فَمُطِرْنَا يَوْمَنَا ذَلِكَ وَفِي الْغَدِ وَمِنْ بَعْدِ الْغَدِ وَالَّذِي يَلِيهِ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ الأُخْرَى فَقَامَ ذَلِكَ الأَعْرَابِيُّ أَوْ رَجُلٌ غَيْرُهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَهَدَّمَ الْبِنَاءُ وَغَرِقَ الْمَالُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ لَنَا فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدَيْهِ وَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ حَوَالَيْنَا وَلاَ عَلَيْنَا قَالَ فَمَا جَعَلَ يُشِيرُ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى نَاحِيَةٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلاَّ تَفَرَّجَتْ حَتَّى صَارَتِ الْمَدِينَةُ فِي مِثْلِ الْجَوْبَةِ حَتَّى سَالَ الْوَادِي وَادِي قَنَاةَ شَهْرًا قَالَ فَلَمْ يَجِئْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ نَاحِيَةٍ إِلاَّ حَدَّثَ بِالْجَوْدِ  

Whenever a strong wind blew, anxiety appeared on the face of the Prophet (fearing that wind might be a sign of Allah's wrath).  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَنَسًا يَقُولُ كَانَتِ الرِّيحُ الشَّدِيدَةُ إِذَا هَبَّتْ عُرِفَ ذَلِكَ فِي وَجْهِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "I was granted victory with As-Saba and the nation of 'Ad was destroyed by Ad- Dabur (westerly wind) .  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ نُصِرْتُ بِالصَّبَا وَأُهْلِكَتْ عَادٌ بِالدَّبُورِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "The Hour (Last Day) will not be established until (religious) knowledge will be taken away (by the death of religious learned men), earthquakes will be very frequent, time will pass quickly, afflictions will appear, murders will increase and money will overflow amongst you." (See Hadith No. 85 Vol 1).  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لاَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى يُقْبَضَ الْعِلْمُ وَتَكْثُرَ الزَّلاَزِلُ وَيَتَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ وَتَظْهَرَ الْفِتَنُ وَيَكْثُرَ الْهَرْجُ وَهْوَ الْقَتْلُ الْقَتْلُ حَتَّى يَكْثُرَ فِيكُمُ الْمَالُ فَيَفِيضُ  

(The Prophet) said, "O Allah! Bless our Sham and our Yemen." People said, "Our Najd as well." The Prophet again said, "O Allah! Bless our Sham and Yemen." They said again, "Our Najd as well." On that the Prophet ﷺ said, "There will appear earthquakes and afflictions, and from there will come out the side of the head of Satan."  

اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِي شَامِنَا وَفِي يَمَنِنَا قَالَ قَالُوا وَفِي نَجْدِنَا قَالَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِي شَامِنَا وَفِي يَمَنِنَا قَالَ قَالُوا وَفِي نَجْدِنَا قَالَ قَالَ هُنَاكَ الزَّلاَزِلُ وَالْفِتَنُ وَبِهَا يَطْلُعُ قَرْنُ الشَّيْطَانِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ led the morning prayer in Al-Hudaibiya and it had rained the previous night. When the Prophet ﷺ had finished the prayer he faced the people and said, "Do you know what your Lord has said?" They replied, "Allah and His Apostle know better." (The Prophet ﷺ said), "Allah says, 'In this morning some of My worshipers remained as true believers and some became non-believers; he who said that it had rained with the blessing and mercy of Allah is the one who believes in Me and does not believe in star, but he who said it had rained because of such and such (star) is a disbeliever in Me and is a believer in star.' "  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ صَلَّى لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلاَةَ الصُّبْحِ بِالْحُدَيْبِيَةِ عَلَى إِثْرِ سَمَاءٍ كَانَتْ مِنَ اللَّيْلَةِ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَقَالَ هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ قَالُوا اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ أَصْبَحَ مِنْ عِبَادِي مُؤْمِنٌ بِي وَكَافِرٌ فَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ مُطِرْنَا بِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَرَحْمَتِهِ فَذَلِكَ مُؤْمِنٌ بِي كَافِرٌ بِالْكَوْكَبِ وَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ بِنَوْءِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَذَلِكَ كَافِرٌ بِي مُؤْمِنٌ بِالْكَوْكَبِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Keys of the unseen knowledge are five which nobody knows but Allah . . . nobody knows what will happen tomorrow; nobody knows what is in the womb; nobody knows what he will gain tomorrow; nobody knows at what place he will die; and nobody knows when it will rain."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِفْتَاحُ الْغَيْبِ خَمْسٌ لاَ يَعْلَمُهَا إِلاَّ اللَّهُ لاَ يَعْلَمُ أَحَدٌ مَا يَكُونُ فِي غَدٍ وَلاَ يَعْلَمُ أَحَدٌ مَا يَكُونُ فِي الأَرْحَامِ وَلاَ تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَىِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ وَمَا يَدْرِي أَحَدٌ مَتَى يَجِيءُ الْمَطَرُ