Caution: Translations of Quran and Ḥadīth may lead to possible misapplications and misinterpretations. This site is intended for students of sacred knowledge that are proficient in comprehending classical Arabic and have a strong foundation in Islamic sciences. Also note that religious injunctions rely on several aspects beyond what one may glean through reading individual aḥādīth.
bayhaqi:12449[Chain 1] Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Aḥmad b. Salmān al-Faqīh > Hilāl b. al-ʿAlāʾ al-Raqqī > ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar > ʿĪsá b. Yūnus > ʿAbbād b. Mūsá > al-Shaʿbī [Chain 2] Abū al-Ḥusayn b. al-Faḍl al-Qaṭṭān> ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar b. Darastawayh > Yaʿqūb b. Sufyān > ʿAbdullāh b. Yūsuf > ʿĪsá b. Yūnus > ʿAbbād b. Mūsá > al-Shaʿbī

[Machine] He (the narrator) said, "Al-Hajjaj came with him (the prisoner) in chains. When he arrived at the gate of the palace, he said, 'Yazid ibn Abi Muslim wants to see me.' Yazid said, 'As for the knowledge that is between us, there is no day of intercession that can save the prince from association and hypocrisy against himself. It is better for you to escape.' Then I met Muhammad ibn al-Hajjaj and he said to me something similar to what Yazid had said. When I entered upon al-Hajjaj, he said to me, 'And you, my people, are among those who opposed us and increased. I said, 'May Allah set right the prince. The house has become sad, the path has become narrow, we have stayed awake, fear has engulfed us, and we have fallen into disgrace without any righteous piety or strong argument.' He said, 'You speak the truth. By Allah, they did not bring their opposition against us, nor were they able to oppose us when they did.' Then he asked me about a case in Fara'id (inheritance). So I went to him and he said, 'What do you say about a mother, a sister, and a paternal aunt?' I said, 'There were five different opinions among the companions of the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ : Abdullah ibn Abbas, Zaid, Uthman, Ali, and Abdullah ibn Mas'ood. Ibn Abbas did not have an opinion if he was not a muqin, and in the narration of al-Ruqayyiq, if he was not a munqib. I said, 'The grandfather is the main inheritor and the sister receives two shares.' He said, 'And what did Zaid say about it?' I said, 'He considered it as nine shares: the mother receives three, the grandfather receives four, and the sister receives two.' He said, 'And what did the Commander of the Believers (Uthman) say about it?' I said, 'He considered it as three shares.' He said, 'And what did Abdullah ibn Mas'ood say about it?' I said, 'He considered it as six shares: the sister receives three, the grandfather receives two, and the mother receives one.' He said, 'And what did Abu Turab (Ali) say about it?' I said, 'He considered it as six shares: the sister receives three, the grandfather receives one, and the mother receives one.' He mentioned the hadith in its entirety, which was 12450. Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz told us, I am Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Yahya, Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ishaq al-Thaqafi informed me, Muhammad ibn Abbad ibn Musa al-Ukaili informed me, my father Abbad ibn Musa informed me, who said that Abu Bakr al-Hudhali told me, Sha'bi told me and mentioned this hadith, which was 12451. Ahmad ibn Ali al-Hafiz told us, I am Ibrahim ibn Abdullah, I am Ismail ibn Ibrahim, Hassan ibn Isa narrated to me from Maghira, from the companions of Ibrahim and Sha'bi, who said: a mother, a sister, a paternal aunt, and a paternal aunt are siblings of a father and a mother and a grandfather. He mentioned their opinions in the manner in which Sha'bi mentioned them alone.  

البيهقي:١٢٤٤٩أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ الْفَقِيهُ ثنا هِلَالُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ الرَّقِّيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ ثنا عَبَّادُ بْنُ مُوسَى ثنا الشَّعْبِيُّ ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ دَرَسْتَوَيْهِ ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ثنا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ

أَنَّهُ أَتَى بِهِ الْحَجَّاجُ مُوثَقًا فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى بَابِ الْقَصْرِ قَالَ لَقِيَنِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ يَا شَعْبِيُّ لِمَا بَيْنَ دَفَّتَيْكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ وَلَيْسَ بِيَوْمِ شَفَاعَةٍ بُؤْ لِلْأَمِيرِ بِالشِّرْكِ وَالنِّفَاقِ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ فَبِالْحَرِيِّ أَنْ تَنْجُوَ ثُمَّ لَقِيَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ فَقَالَ لِي مِثْلَ مَقَالَةِ يَزِيدَ فَلَمَّا دَخَلْتُ عَلَى الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ وَأَنْتَ يَا شَعْبِيُّ مِمَّنْ خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا وَكَثُرَ فَقُلْتُ أَصْلَحَ اللهُ الْأَمِيرَ أَحْزَنَ بِنَا الْمَنْزِلُ وَأَجْدَبَ الْجَنَابُ وَضَاقَ الْمَسْلَكُ وَاكْتَحَلْنَا السَّهَرَ وَاسْتَحْلَسْنَا الْخَوْفَ وَوَقَعْنَا فِي خِزْيَةٍ لَمْ نَكُنْ فِيهَا بَرَرَةً أَتْقِيَاءَ وَلَا فَجَرَةً أَقْوِيَاءَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ وَاللهِ مَا بَرُّوا بِخُرُوجِهِمْ عَلَيْنَا وَلَا قَوَوْا عَلَيْنَا حَيْثُ فَجَرُوا أَطْلَقْنَا عَنْهُ ثُمَّ احْتَاجَ إِلِيَّ فِي فَرِيضَةٍ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقَالَ مَا تَقُولُ فِي أُمٍّ وَأُخْتٍ وَجَدٍّ؟ فَقُلْتُ قَدِ اخْتَلَفَ فِيهَا خَمْسَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَزَيْدٌ وَعُثْمَانُ وَعَلِيٌّ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ مَا قَالَ فِيهَا ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِنْ كَانَ لَمُتْقِنًا؟ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ الرَّقِّيِّ إِنْ كَانَ لَمُنَقِّبًا قُلْتُ جَعَلَ الْجَدَّ أَبًا وَلَمْ يُعْطِ الْأُخْتَ شَيْئًا وَأَعْطَى الْأُمَّ الثُّلُثَ قَالَ فَمَا قَالَ فِيهَا زَيْدٌ؟ قُلْتُ جَعَلَهَا مِنْ تِسْعَةٍ؛ أَعْطَى الْأُمَّ ثَلَاثَةً وَأَعْطَى الْجَدَّ أَرْبَعَةً وَأَعْطَى الْأُخْتَ سَهْمَيْنِ قَالَ فَمَا قَالَ فِيهَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ؟ يَعْنِي عُثْمَانَ ؓ قُلْتُ جَعَلَهَا أَثْلَاثًا قَالَ فَمَا قَالَ فِيهَا ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ؟ قُلْتُ جَعَلَهَا مِنْ سِتَّةٍ أَعْطَى الْأُخْتَ ثَلَاثَةً وَالْجَدَّ سَهْمَيْنِ وَالْأُمَّ سَهْمًا قَالَ فَمَا قَالَ فِيهَا أَبُو تُرَابٍ؟ يَعْنِي عَلِيًّا ؓ قُلْتُ جَعَلَهَا مِنْ سِتَّةِ أَسْهُمٍ فَأَعْطَى الْأُخْتَ ثَلَاثَةً وَأَعْطَى الْأُمَّ سَهْمَيْنِ وَأَعْطَى الْجَدَّ سَهْمًا وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ 12450 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الثَّقَفِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْعُكْلِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَبَّادُ بْنُ مُوسَى قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْهُذَلِيُّ قَالَ قَالَ لِي الشَّعْبِيُّ فَذَكَرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ 12451 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ أنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عِيسَى ثنا جَرِيرٌ عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ أَصْحَابِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ أُمٌّ وَأُخْتٌ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ وَجَدٌّ فَذَكَرَ أَقْوَالَهُمْ بِنَحْوِ مَا ذَكَرَهُ الشَّعْبِيُّ وَحْدَهُ  


See similar narrations below:

Collected by Tirmidhī, Bayhaqī
tirmidhi:2610Abū ʿAmmār al-Ḥusayn b. Ḥurayth al-Khuzāʿī > Wakīʿ > Kahmas b. al-Ḥasan > ʿAbdullāh b. Buraydah > Yaḥyá b. Yaʿmur

"The first person to speak about Al-Qadar was Ma'bad Al-Juhani." He said: "Humaid bin Abdur-Rahman Al-Himyari and I went out until we reached Al-Madinah, and we said: 'If we could only meet someone among the companions of the Prophet ﷺ so we could ask him about what those people have innovated." [He said:] "So we met him - meaning Abdullah bin 'Umar - while he was leaving the Masjid." [He said:] "My companion and I were on either side of him." [He said:] I thought my companion was going to leave the speaking to me so I said: "O Abu Abdur-Rahman! There is a group of people who recite the Qur'an and seek knowledge, and they claim there is no Al-Qadar, and that the affair is left to chance.' He said: "Whenever you meet those people, then tell them that I am not of them and they are not of me. By the One Whom Abdullah swears by! If one of them were to spend gold the like of Uhud (mountain) in charity, it would not be accepted from him until he believes in Al-Qadar; the good of it and the bad of it.'" He said: "Then he began to narrate, he said: "'Umar bin Al-Khattab said: "We were with the Messenger of Allah when a man came with extremely white garments, and extremely black hair. He had no appearance of traveling visible on him, yet none of us recognized him. He came until he reached the Prophet ﷺ. He put his knees up against his knees, and then said: "O Muhammad! What is Iman?' He said 'To believe in Allah, His Angels, His, Books, His Messengers, the Day of Judgement, and Al-Qadar, the good of it and the bad of it.' He said: 'Then what is Islam?' He said: 'Testifying to La Ilaha Illallah, and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger, establishing the Salat, giving the Zakat, performing Hajj to the House, and fasting (the month of) Ramadan.' He said: 'Then what is Ihsan?' He said 'That (is) you worship Allah as if you see Him, and although you do not see Him, He certainly sees you.' He said: 'For all of those he replied to him: 'You have told the truth.'" He said: "So we were amazed at him, he would ask, and then tell him that he is telling the truth. He said: 'Then when is the Hour?' He ﷺ said: 'The one being asked knows no more than the questioner.' He said: 'Then what are its signs?' He said: 'That the slave woman gives birth to her master, and that the naked, poor, and bare-footed shepherds rival each other in the height of the buildings.'" 'Umar said: 'Then the Prophet ﷺ met me three days after that and said: 'O 'Umar! Do you know who the questioner was? It was Jibril. He came to teach you about the matters of your religion.'"  

الترمذي:٢٦١٠حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَمَّارٍ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ الْخُزَاعِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ كَهْمَسِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَعْمُرَ قَالَ

أَوَّلُ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ فِي الْقَدَرِ مَعْبَدٌ الْجُهَنِيُّ قَالَ فَخَرَجْتُ أَنَا وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ حَتَّى أَتَيْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ فَقُلْنَا لَوْ لَقِينَا رَجُلاً مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَمَّا أَحْدَثَ هَؤُلاَءِ الْقَوْمُ قَالَ فَلَقِينَاهُ يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ وَهُوَ خَارِجٌ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ فَاكْتَنَفْتُهُ أَنَا وَصَاحِبِي قَالَ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبِي سَيَكِلُ الْكَلاَمَ إِلَىَّ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنَّ قَوْمًا يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ وَيَتَقَفَّرُونَ الْعِلْمَ وَيَزْعُمُونَ أَنْ لاَ قَدَرَ وَأَنَّ الأَمْرَ أُنُفٌ قَالَ فَإِذَا لَقِيتَ أُولَئِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنِّي مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ وَأَنَّهُمْ مِنِّي بُرَآءُ وَالَّذِي يَحْلِفُ بِهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ أَنْفَقَ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا مَا قُبِلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يُحَدِّثُ فَقَالَ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ كُنَّا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعَرِ لاَ يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلاَ يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ حَتَّى أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَلْزَقَ رُكْبَتَهُ بِرُكْبَتِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الإِيمَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ وَالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ فَمَا الإِسْلاَمُ قَالَ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَإِقَامُ الصَّلاَةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ وَصَوْمُ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ فَمَا الإِحْسَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فِي كُلِّ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ لَهُ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَتَعَجَّبْنَا مِنْهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ قَالَ فَمَتَى السَّاعَةُ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَمَا أَمَارَتُهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ أَصْحَابَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ قَالَ عُمَرُ فَلَقِيَنِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِثَلاَثٍ فَقَالَ يَا عُمَرُ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ ذَاكَ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ مَعَالِمَ دِينِكُمْ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ أَخْبَرَنَا كَهْمَسُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ عَنْ كَهْمَسٍ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ  

قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ قَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ نَحْوُ هَذَا عَنْ عُمَرَ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَالصَّحِيحُ هُوَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ عَنْ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ
bayhaqi:20871Abū al-Ḥusayn ʿAlī b. Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh b. Bishrān al-ʿAdl> Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. ʿAmr al-Razzāz > ʿĪsá b. ʿAbdullāh al-Ṭayālisī > Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥman al-Muqriʾ > Kahmas b. al-Ḥasan > ʿAbdullāh b. Buraydah > Yaḥyá b. Yaʿmar > Kān Awwal Man

The first to speak on Divine decree in al-Basrah was Maʿbad al Juhani. I and Humaid b. ʿAbd al-Rahman al-Himyari proceeded to perform Hajj or ʿUmrah. We said : would that we meet any of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ so that we could ask him about what they say with regard to divine decree. So Allah helped us to meet ʿAbd Allah b. ʿUmar who was entering the mosque. So I and my companion surrounded him, and I thought that my companion would entrust me the task of speaking to him. Then I said : Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman, there appeared on our side some people who recite the Qur'an and are engaged in the hair-splitting of knowledge. They conceive that there is no Divine decree and everything happens freely without predestination. He said : When you meet those people, tell them that I am free from them, and they are free from me. By Him by Whom swears ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Umar, if one of them has gold equivalent to Uhud and he spends it, Allah will not accept it from him until he believes in Divine decree. He then said : ‘Umar b. Khattab transmitted to me a tradition, saying : One day when we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a man with very white clothing and very black hair came up to us. No mark of travel was visible on him, and we did not recognize him. Sitting down beside the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, leaning his knees against his and placing his hands on his thighs, he said : tell me, Muhammad, about Islam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said : Islam means that you should testify that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is Allah’s Apostle, that you should observe prayer, pay Zakat, fast during Ramadan, and perform Hajj to the house (i.e., Kaʿbah), If you have the means to go. He said : You have spoken the truth. We were surprised at his questioning him and then declaring that he spoke the truth. He said : Now tell me about faith. He replied : It means that you should believe in Allah, his angels, his Books, his Apostles and the last day, and that you should believe in the decreeing both of good and evil. He said : You have spoken the truth. He said : now tell me about doing good (ihsan). He replied: It means that you should worship Allah as though you are seeing him; if you are not seeing him, he is seeing you. He said: Now tell me about the hour. He replied : The one who is asked about it is no better informed than the one who is asking. He said : Then tell me about its signs. He replied : That a maidservant should beget her mistress, and that you should see barefooted, naked, poor men and shepherds exalting themselves in buildings. ‘Umar said : He then went away, and I waited for three days, then he said : Do you know who the questioner was, ʿUmar? I replied : Allah and his Apostle know best. He said : He was Gabriel who came to you to teach you your religion. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4695)   

البيهقي:٢٠٨٧١أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الرَّزَّازُ ثنا عِيسَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمُقْرِئُ ثنا كَهْمَسُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ بُرَيْدَةَ يُحَدِّثُ أَنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ يَعْمَرَ قَالَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ قَالَ

فِي الْقَدَرِ فِي الْبَصْرَةِ مَعْبَدٌ الْجُهَنِيُّ فَانْطَلَقْنَا حُجَّاجًا أَنَا وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا قُلْنَا لَوْ لَقِينَا بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَمَّا يَقُولُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمُ فِي الْقَدَرِ قَالَ فَوَافَقْنَا عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَاكْتَنَفْتُهُ أَنَا وَصَاحِبِي أَحَدُنَا عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَالْآخَرُ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ قَالَ يَحْيَى فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبِي يَكِلُ الْكَلَامَ إِلِيَّ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنَّهُ ظَهَرَ قِبَلَنَا نَاسٌ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ وَيَعْرِفُونَ الْعِلْمَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنْ لَا قَدَرَ إِنَّمَا الْأَمْرُ أُنُفٌ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمْ أُولَئِكَ فَأَخْبِرُوهُمْ أَنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْهُمْ وَأَنَّهُمْ مِنِّي بَرَاءٌ وَالَّذِي يَحْلِفُ بِهِ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ لَوْ أَنَّ لِأَحَدِهِمْ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا فَأَنْفَقَهُ مَا قَبِلَهُ اللهُ ﷻ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِذْ طَلَعَ رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعْرِ لَا يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلَا نَعْرِفُهُ حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَهُ إِلَى رُكْبَتِهِ وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْإِسْلَامُ أَنَ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ السَّبِيلَ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ عُمَرُ عَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ فَقَالَ الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ فَقَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَقَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِحْسَانِ فَقَالَ الْإِحْسَانُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَحَدِّثْنِي عَنِ السَّاعَةِ مَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ بِأَعْلَمَ بِهَا مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَتِهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبِنَاءِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَلَبِثْتُ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا عُمَرُ مَا تَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ ؟ قُلْتُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ ذَاكَ جِبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ 20872 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ ثنا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ أنبأ كَهْمَسٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَاهُ  

أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ كَهْمَسٍ وَغَيْرِهِ وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَشَوَاهِدُهُ كَثِيرَةٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَلِيٍّ وَأَبِي ذَرٍّ وَغَيْرِهِمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ