Caution: Translations of Quran and Ḥadīth may lead to possible misapplications and misinterpretations. This site is intended for students of sacred knowledge that are proficient in comprehending classical Arabic and have a strong foundation in Islamic sciences. Also note that religious injunctions rely on several aspects beyond what one may glean through reading individual aḥādīth.
ahmad:26042Muḥammad b. Abū ʿAdī > Dāwud > al-Shaʿbī > ʿĀʾishah

[Machine] The prayer of two units (Rak'ahs) has been prescribed in Mecca. But when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Medina, he added two more units to each two units of prayer, except for the Maghrib prayer, as it is the odd prayer of the day. And the Fajr prayer is lengthy in recitation. He also said that when he used to travel, he would pray the first prayer.  

أحمد:٢٦٠٤٢حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ عَنْ دَاوُدَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ

قَدْ فُرِضَتِ الصَّلَاةُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ بِمَكَّةَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ زَادَ مَعَ كُلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ إِلَّا الْمَغْرِبَ فَإِنَّهَا وِتْرُ النَّهَارِ وَصَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ لِطُولِ قِرَاءَتِهِا قَالَ وَكَانَ إِذَا سَافَرَ صَلَّى الصَّلَاةَ الْأُولَى  


See similar narrations below:

Collected by Aḥmad, Ibn Ḥibbān, Bayhaqī
ahmad:26282ʿAbd al-Wahhāb b. ʿAṭāʾ > Dāwud b. Abū Hind > al-Shaʿbī > ʿĀʾishah > Furiḍat al-Ṣalāh Rakʿatayn Rakʿatayn Illā al-Maghrib Furiḍat Thalāth Liʾannahā Witr

[Machine] The prayer is ordained as two units, except for Maghrib prayer which is ordained as three units, because it is the Witr prayer. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pray the initial prayer (when traveling) as two units, except for Maghrib prayer, and when he stayed, he would add two units to each unit except for Maghrib prayer, because it is the Witr prayer, and Fajr prayer because he would prolong the recitation in it.  

أحمد:٢٦٢٨٢حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ

فُرِضَتِ الصَّلَاةُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ إِلَّا الْمَغْرِبَ فُرِضَتْ ثَلَاثًا لِأَنَّهَا وِتْرٌ قَالَتْ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا سَافَرَ صَلَّى الصَّلَاةَ الْأُولَى إِلَّا الْمَغْرِبَ فَإِذَا أَقَامَ زَادَ مَعَ كُلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ إِلَّا الْمَغْرِبَ لِأَنَّهَا وَتْرٌ وَالصُّبْحَ لِأَنَّهُ يُطَوِّلُ فِيهَا الْقِرَاءَةَ  

ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ زِيدَ فِيهَا خَلَا الْغَدَاةِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ

ibnhibban:2738al-Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad b. Abū Maʿshar Biḥarrān > ʿAbdullāh b. al-Ṣabbāḥ al-ʿAṭṭār > Maḥbūb b. al-Ḥasan > Dāwud b. Abū Hind > al-Shaʿbī > Masrūq > ʿĀʾishah

[Machine] "The prayers for traveling and residing were prescribed as two units. However, when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ established the prayer, he prayed four units. The Fajr prayer was left behind due to the lengthy recitation, and the Maghrib prayer was left behind because it is the odd prayer of the day."  

ابن حبّان:٢٧٣٨أَخْبَرَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي مَعْشَرٍ بِحَرَّانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ الْعَطَّارُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مَحْبُوبُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ

«فُرِضَتْ صَلَاةُ السَّفَرِ وَالْحَضَرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَلَمَّا أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَكْعَتَانِ رَكْعَتَانِ وَتُرِكَتْ صَلَاةُ الْفَجْرِ لِطُولِ الْقِرَاءَةِ وَصَلَاةُ الْمَغْرِبِ لِأَنَّهَا وِتْرُ النَّهَارِ»  

bayhaqi:1698Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ And ʾAbū Muḥammad b. Abū Ḥāmid al-Muqriʾ > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > Muḥammad b. Sinān > Bakkār b. ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad b. Sīrīn > Dāwud b. Abū Hind > ʿĀmir > Masrūq > ʿĀʾishah

[Machine] The first prayer that was made obligatory was two units (rak'ahs). When the Prophet ﷺ arrived in Madinah and settled down, he added two more units of prayer, excluding the Maghrib prayer, because it is odd in number. As for the Fajr prayer, he added more units due to its lengthy recitation. It is said that when he traveled, he would perform his first prayer.  

البيهقي:١٦٩٨أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ أَبِي حَامِدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ ثنا بَكَّارُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ ثنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدَ عَنْ عَامِرٍ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ

إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا فُرِضَتِ الصَّلَاةُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَاطْمَأَنَّ زَادَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ غَيْرَ الْمَغْرِبِ لِأَنَّهَا وِتْرٌ وَصَلَاةُ الْغَدَاةِ لِطُولِ قِرَاءَتِهَا قَالَتْ وَكَانَ إِذَا سَافَرَ صَلَّى صَلَاتَهُ الْأُولَى