[Machine] Indeed, Allah Almighty revealed: "{And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed - then it is those who are the disbelievers}" [Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:44], and "{Those are the wrongdoers}" [Surah An-Nur 24:50], and "{Those are the defiantly disobedient}" [Surah Al-Hashr 59:19].

Ibn Abbas reported that Allah revealed these verses concerning two Jewish tribes. One tribe had oppressed the other in the pre-Islamic era until they settled upon an agreement that for every person killed from their tribe, the tribe of the killer would pay fifty camels as blood money. And for every person killed from that tribe, the tribe of the victim would pay one hundred camels as blood money. They lived according to this agreement until the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ arrived in Madinah. The two tribes submitted to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ without any conflict, as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was not present and had not given them permission to act on their agreement. However, during the peace treaty, a member of the victim tribe was killed by a member of the other tribe. So, the tribe of the victim demanded one hundred camels as blood money from the other tribe. The other tribe responded, saying, "Did this ever occur during our lifetime when we shared the same religion, lineage, and land? In our custom, the blood money for each tribe is half of what they demand from the other tribe." The victim tribe said, "We have only agreed to this as an injustice inflicted upon us and as a humiliation. But since Muhammad has come, we will not grant this demand." The situation almost led to a war, but they agreed to make the Messenger of Allah ﷺ the arbitrator between them. The tribe of the victim sent some hypocrites to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to ask for his opinion. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived, Allah informed His Messenger ﷺ about the entire situation, including what they intended to do. Allah then revealed: "{O Messenger, let not those who hasten into disbelief grieve you - of those who say, "We have believed"}..." [Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:41] until "{And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed - then it is those who are the defiantly disobedient}" [Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:47]. And Allah informed the Prophet ﷺ that both tribes had deserved this revelation from Allah Almighty.  

إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ أَنْزَلَ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمِ الْكَافِرُونَ} [المائدة 44] وَ {أُولَئِكَ هُمِ الظَّالِمُونَ} [النور 50] وَ {أُولَئِكَ هُمِ الْفَاسِقُونَ} [الحشر 19] قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَنْزَلَهَا اللهُ فِي الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ وَكَانَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا قَدْ قَهَرَتِ الْأُخْرَى فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ حَتَّى ارْتَضَوْا وَاصْطَلَحُوا عَلَى أَنَّ كُلَّ قَتِيلٍ قَتَلَتهُ الْعَزِيزَةُ مِنَالذَّلِيلَةِ فَدِيَتُهُ خَمْسُونَ وَسْقًا وَكُلَّ قَتِيلٍ قَتَلَتْهُ الذَّلِيلَةُ مِنَ العَزِيزَةِ فَدِيَتُهُ مِائَةُ وَسْقٍ فَكَانُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَذَلَّتِ الطَّائِفَتَانِ كِلْتَاهُمَا لِمَقْدَمِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ورَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَمْ يَظْهَرْ وَلَمْ يُوطِئْهُمَا عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ فِي الصُّلْحِ فَقَتَلَتِ الذَّلِيلَةُ مِنَ العَزِيزَةِ قَتِيلًا فَأَرْسَلَتِ الْعَزِيزَةُ إِلَى الذَّلِيلَةِ أَنِ ابْعَثُوا إِلَيْنَا بِمِائَةِ وَسْقٍ فَقَالَتِ الذَّلِيلَةُ وَهَلْ كَانَ هَذَا فِي حَيَّيْنِ قَطُّ دِينُهُمَا وَاحِدٌ وَنَسَبُهُمَا وَاحِدٌ وَبَلَدُهُمَا وَاحِدٌ دِيَةُ بَعْضِهِمْ نِصْفُ دِيَةِ بَعْضٍ؟ إِنَّا إِنَّمَا أَعْطَيْنَاكُمْ هَذَا ضَيْمًا مِنْكُمْ لَنَا وَفَرَقًا مِنْكُمْ فَأَمَّا إِذْ قَدِمَ مُحَمَّدٌ فَلَا نُعْطِيكُمْ ذَلِكَ فَكَادَتِ الْحَرْبُ تَهِيجُ بَيْنَهُمَا ثُمَّ ارْتَضَوْا عَلَى أَنْ يَجْعَلُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَتِ الْعَزِيزَةُ فَقَالَتْ وَاللهِ مَا مُحَمَّدٌ بِمُعْطِيكُمْ مِنْهُمْ ضِعْفَ مَا يُعْطِيهِمْ مِنْكُمْ وَلَقَدْ صَدَقُوا مَا أَعْطَوْنَا هَذَا إِلَّا ضَيْمًا مِنَّا وَقَهْرًا لَهُمْ فَدُسُّوا إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ مَنْ يَخْبُرُ لَكُمْ رَأْيَهُ إِنْ أَعْطَاكُمْ مَا تُرِيدُونَ حَكَّمْتُمُوهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُعْطِكُمْ حَذِرْتُمْ فَلَمْ تُحَكِّمُوهُ فَدَسُّوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ نَاسًا مِنَ المُنَافِقِينَ لِيَخْبُرُوا لَهُمْ رَأْيَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَخْبَرَ اللهُ رَسُولَهُ بِأَمْرِهِمْ كُلِّهِ وَمَا أَرَادُوا فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ لَا يَحْزُنْكَ الَّذِينَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْكُفْرِ مِنَ الذِينَ قَالُوا آمَنَّا} [المائدة 41] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمِ الْفَاسِقُونَ} [المائدة 47]ثُمَّ قَالَ فِيهِمَا وَاللهِ نَزَلَتْ وَإِيَّاهُمَا عَنَى الله ﷻ