Ka’ab bin Malik who was one of those whose repentance was accepted said “Ka’ab bin Al Ashraf used to satire the Prophet ﷺ and incited the infidels of the Quraish against him. When the Prophet ﷺ came to Madeena, its people were intermixed, some of them were Muslims and others polytheists aho worshipped idols and some were Jews. They used to hurt the Prophet ﷺ and his Companions. Then Allaah Most High commanded His Prophet to show patience and forgiveness. So Allaah revealed about them “And ye shall certainly hear much that will grieve you from those who receive Book before you”. When Ka’ab bin Al Ashraf refused to desist from hurting the Prophet ﷺ the Prophet ﷺ ordered Sa’d bin Mu’adh to send a band to kill him. He sent Muhammad bin Maslamah and mentioned the story of his murder. When they killed him, the Jews and the polytheist were frightened. Next day they came to the Prophet ﷺ and said “Our Companions were attacked and night and killed.” The Prophet ﷺ informed them about that which he would say. The Prophet ﷺ then called them so that he could write a deed of agreement between him and them and they should fulfill its provisions and desist from hurting him. He then wrote a deed of agreement between him and them and the Muslims in general.”  

عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَكَانَ أَحَدَ الثَّلاَثَةِ الَّذِينَ تِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَكَانَ كَعْبُ بْنُ الأَشْرَفِ يَهْجُو النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَيُحَرِّضُ عَلَيْهِ كُفَّارَ قُرَيْشٍ وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ حِينَ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَأَهْلُهَا أَخْلاَطٌ مِنْهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ يَعْبُدُونَ الأَوْثَانَ وَالْيَهُودُ وَكَانُوا يُؤْذُونَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابَهُ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ ﷻ نَبِيَّهُ بِالصَّبْرِ وَالْعَفْوِ فَفِيهِمْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ { وَلَتَسْمَعُنَّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ } الآيَةَ فَلَمَّا أَبَى كَعْبُ بْنُ الأَشْرَفِ أَنْ يَنْزِعَ عَنْ أَذَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ سَعْدَ بْنَ مُعَاذٍ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ رَهْطًا يَقْتُلُونَهُ فَبَعَثَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ وَذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ قَتْلِهِ فَلَمَّا قَتَلُوهُ فَزِعَتِ الْيَهُودُ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ فَغَدَوْا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالُوا طُرِقَ صَاحِبُنَا فَقُتِلَ فَذَكَرَ لَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الَّذِي كَانَ يَقُولُ وَدَعَاهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى أَنْ يَكْتُبَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ كِتَابًا يَنْتَهُونَ إِلَى مَا فِيهِ فَكَتَبَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَامَّةً صَحِيفَةً  

Ibn ‘Abbas said “When the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ had victory over Quraish in the batte of Badr and came to Madeenah he gathered the Jews in the market of Banu Qainuqa and said “O community of Jews embrace Islam before you suffer an injury as the Quraish suffered.” They said “Muhammad, you should not deceive yourself (taking pride) that you had killed a few persons of the Quariash who were inexperienced and did not know how to fight. Had you fought with us, you would have known us. You have never met people like us.” Allah Most High revealed about this the following verse “Say to those who reject faith, soon will ye be vanished... one army was fighting in the cause of Allaah, the other resisting Allaah.”  

لَمَّا أَصَابَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قُرَيْشًا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَقَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ جَمَعَ الْيَهُودَ فِي سُوقِ بَنِي قَيْنُقَاعَ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ أَسْلِمُوا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ مِثْلُ مَا أَصَابَ قُرَيْشًا قَالُوا يَا مُحَمَّدُ لاَ يَغُرَّنَّكَ مِنْ نَفْسِكَ أَنَّكَ قَتَلْتَ نَفَرًا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ كَانُوا أَغْمَارًا لاَ يَعْرِفُونَ الْقِتَالَ إِنَّكَ لَوْ قَاتَلْتَنَا لَعَرَفْتَ أَنَّا نَحْنُ النَّاسُ وَأَنَّكَ لَمْ تَلْقَ مِثْلَنَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ فِي ذَلِكَ { قُلْ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا سَتُغْلَبُونَ } قَرَأَ مُصَرِّفٌ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ { فِئَةٌ تُقَاتِلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ } بِبَدْرٍ { وَأُخْرَى كَافِرَةٌ }  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: If you gain a victory over the men of Jews, kill them. So Muhayyisah jumped over Shubaybah, a man of the Jewish merchants. He had close relations with them. He then killed him. At that time Huwayyisah (brother of Muhayyisah) had not embraced Islam. He was older than Muhayyisah. When he killed him, Huwayyisah beat him and said: O enemy of Allah, I swear by Allah, you have a good deal of fat in your belly from his property.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ ظَفِرْتُمْ بِهِ مِنْ رِجَالِ يَهُودَ فَاقْتُلُوهُ فَوَثَبَ مُحَيِّصَةُ عَلَى شَبِيبَةَ رَجُلٍ مِنْ تُجَّارِ يَهُودَ كَانَ يُلاَبِسُهُمْ فَقَتَلَهُ وَكَانَ حُوَيِّصَةُ إِذْ ذَاكَ لَمْ يُسْلِمْ وَكَانَ أَسَنَّ مِنْ مُحَيِّصَةَ فَلَمَّا قَتَلَهُ جَعَلَ حُوَيِّصَةُ يَضْرِبُهُ وَيَقُولُ يَا عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَرُبَّ شَحْمٍ فِي بَطْنِكَ مِنْ مَالِهِ  

Abu Hurairah said, While we were in the mosque, the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ came out and said “Come on to the Jews. So we went out with him and came to them”. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ stood up, called them and said “If you, the community of Jews accept Islam you will be safe”. They said “You have given the message Abu Al Qasim”. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “Accept Islam you will be safe”. They said “You have given the message Abu Al Qasim”. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “that I intended”. He then said the third time “Know that the land belongs to Allaah and His Apostle and I intend to deport you from this land. So, if any of you has property (he cannot take it away), he must sell it, otherwise know that the land belongs to Allaah and His Apostle ﷺ.”  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ بَيْنَا نَحْنُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ إِذْ خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ انْطَلِقُوا إِلَى يَهُودَ فَخَرَجْنَا مَعَهُ حَتَّى جِئْنَاهُمْ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَنَادَاهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ أَسْلِمُوا تَسْلَمُوا فَقَالُوا قَدْ بَلَّغْتَ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَسْلِمُوا تَسْلَمُوا فَقَالُوا قَدْ بَلَّغْتَ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَلِكَ أُرِيدُ ثُمَّ قَالَهَا الثَّالِثَةَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا الأَرْضُ لِلَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُجْلِيَكُمْ مِنْ هَذِهِ الأَرْضِ فَمَنْ وَجَدَ مِنْكُمْ بِمَالِهِ شَيْئًا فَلْيَبِعْهُ وَإِلاَّ فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا الأَرْضُ لِلَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ﷺ