Caution: Translations of Quran and Ḥadīth may lead to possible misapplications and misinterpretations. This site is intended for students of sacred knowledge that are proficient in comprehending classical Arabic and have a strong foundation in Islamic sciences. Also note that religious injunctions rely on several aspects beyond what one may glean through reading individual aḥādīth.
suyuti:24205a
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السيوطي:٢٤٢٠٥a

"والَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيدِه مَا عَلَى الأرضِ مسلمٌ يُصِيبُه أَذًى مِنْ مرضٍ فَما سِوَاه إِلا حَطَّ الله عَنْه خَطاياهُ كما تَحُطُّ الشجرةُ وَرَقَها".  

[حم] أحمد [حب] ابن حبّان عن ابن مسعود

See similar narrations below:

Collected by Ibn Ḥibbān, Suyūṭī

ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْمَخْصُوصِينَ يُضَاعَفُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَلَمُ الْحُمَّى لِيَسْتَوفُوا عَلَيْهَا الثَّوَابَ فِي الْعُقْبَى

ibnhibban:2937ʿImrān b. Mūsá b. Mujāshiʿ > Hannād b. al-Sarī And ʿUthmān b. Abū Shaybah > Abū Muʿāwiyah > al-Aʿmash > Ābrāhīm al-Taymī > al-Ḥārith b. Sūwayd > Ibn Masʿūd

I visited Messenger of Allah ﷺ as he was running a high temperature. I touched his body with my hand and said to him: Messenger of Allah, you are running a high temperature, whereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Yes, it is so. I comparatively have a more severe fever than any one of you. I said: Is it because there is a double reward in store for you? Thereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Yes, it is so. And Messenger of Allah ﷺ again said: When a Muslim falls ill, his compensation is that his minor sins are obliterated just as leaves fall (in autumn). In the hadith transmitted on the authority of Zubair there is (no mention of these words):" I touched his body with my hands." (Using translation from Muslim 2571a)   

ابن حبّان:٢٩٣٧أَخْبَرَنَا عِمْرَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ مُجَاشِعٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنِ ابْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَمَسِسْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَتُوعَكُ وَعْكًا شَدِيدًا فَقَالَ «أَجَلْ إِنِّي أُوعَكُ مَا يُوعَكُ رَجُلَانِ مِنْكُمْ» قُلْتُ إِنَّ لَكَ أَجْرَيْنِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَجَلْ» ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مُسْلِمٌ يُصِيبُهُ أَذًى مِنْ مَرَضٍ فَمَا سِوَاهُ إِلَّا حَطَّ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ خَطَايَاهُ كَمَا تَحُطُّ الشَّجَرَةُ وَرَقَهَا»  

suyuti:19565a
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السيوطي:١٩٥٦٥a

"مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يُصِيبُه أَذًى: شَوْكَةٌ فما فَوْقَها، إِلا حَطَّ الله بِها سيَئاتِه، كَمَا تَحُطّ الشَّجَرَةُ وَرَقَها".  

[خ] البخاري [م] مسلم عن ابن مسعود