The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: When a man dies, his action discontinues from him except three things, namely, perpetual sadaqah (charity), or the knowledge by which benefit is acquired, or a pious child who prays for him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2880)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا مَاتَ الْإِنْسَانُ انْقَطَعَ عَنْهُ عَمَلُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ ثَلَاثَةٍ مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ جَارِيَةٍ أَوْ عِلْمٍ يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ أَوْ وَلَدٍ صَالِحٍ يَدْعُو لَهُ  

My father died and left behind property without making any will regarding it. Would he be relieved of the burden of his sins if I give sadaqa on his behalf? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. (Using translation from Muslim 1630)  

لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِنَّ أَبِي مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ مَالًا وَلَمْ يُوصِ فَهَلْ يُكَفَّرُ عَنْهُ أَنْ أَتَصَدَّقَ عَنْهُ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ»  

"I came to the Messenger of Allah and said: 'My mother left a will saying that a slave should be freed on her behalf. I have a Nubian slave girl; will it suffice if I free her on her behalf?' He said: 'Bring her here.' The Prophet said to her: 'Who is your Lord?' She said: 'Allah.' He said: 'Who am I?' She said: 'The Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'Set her free , for she is a believer.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3653)  

أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ أُمِّي أَوْصَتْ أَنْ تَعْتِقَ عَنْهَا رَقَبَةً وَإِنَّ عِنْدِي جَارِيَةً نُوبِيَّةً أَفَيُجْزِئُ عَنِّي أَنْ أَعْتِقَهَا عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ «ائْتِنِي بِهَا» فَأَتَيْتُهُ بِهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «مَنْ رَبُّكِ؟» قَالَتِ اللهُ قَالَ «مَنْ أَنَا؟» قَالَتْ أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ قَالَ «أَعْتِقْهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُؤْمِنَةٌ»  

"My mother died and did not leave a will; shall I give charity on her behalf?" He said: "Yes." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3654)  

أَنَّ سَعْدًا سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَلَمْ تُوصِ أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ»  

A man said: Messenger of Allah, my mother has died ; will it benefit her if I give sadaqah on her behalf ? He said: Yes. He said: I have a garden, and I call you to witness that I have given it as sadaqah on her behalf. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2882)  

يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أُمَّهُ تُوُفِّيَتْ أَفَيَنْفَعُهَا إِنْ تَصَدَّقْتُ عَنْهَا؟ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ فَإِنَّ لِي مَخْرَفًا وَأُشْهِدُكَ أَنِّي قَدْ تَصَدَّقْتُ بِهِ عَنْهَا  

"My mother has died and she had a vow to fulfill. Will it suffice if I free a slave on her behalf?" He said: "Free a slave on behalf of your mother." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3656)  

أَنَّهُ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا نَذَرٌ أَفَيُجْزِئُ عَنْهَا أَنْ أُعْتِقَ عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ «أَعْتِقْ عَنْ أُمِّكَ»  

"Fulfill it on her behalf." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3657)  

أَنَّهُ اسْتَفْتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي نَذْرٍ كَانَ عَلَى أُمِّهِ فَتُوُفِّيَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقْضِيَهُ قَالَ «اقْضِهِ عَنْهَا»  

"Fulfill it on her behalf." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3657)  

أَنَّهُ اسْتَفْتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي نَذْرٍ كَانَ عَلَى أُمِّهِ فَمَاتَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقْضِيَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «اقْضِهِ عَنْهَا»  

"Sa'd consulted the Messenger of Allah about a vow which his mother had to fulfill, but she died before doing so. The Messenger of Allah said: 'Fulfill it on her behalf.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3659)  

اسْتَفْتَى سَعْدٌ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي نَذْرٍ كَانَ عَلَى أُمِّهِ فَتُوُفِّيَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقْضِيَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «اقْضِهِ عَنْهَا»