4. Ṣalāh (Ritual Prayers)
٤۔ كتاب الصلاة
I heard al-Bara' narrating it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that while in a journey he said the night prayer and recited in one of the two rak'ahs:" By the Fig and the Olive" (Su'rah xcv.).
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ فَصَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ الآخِرَةَ فَقَرَأَ فِي إِحْدَى الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ { وَالتِّينِ وَالزَّيْتُونِ}
أَنَّهُ قَالَ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْعِشَاءَ فَقَرَأَ بِالتِّينِ وَالزَّيْتُونِ
I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ reciting in the night prayer:" By the Fig and the Olive," and I have never heard anyone with a sweeter voice than he.
سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَرَأَ فِي الْعِشَاءِ بِالتِّينِ وَالزَّيْتُونِ فَمَا سَمِعْتُ أَحَدًا أَحْسَنَ صَوْتًا مِنْهُ
Have you become a hypocrite, so and so? He said: I swear by Allah that I have not, but I will certainly go to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and will inform (him) about this. He then came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: Messenger of Allah, we look after camels used for watering and work by day. Mu'adh said the night prayer with you. He then came and began with Surat al-Baqara. Messenger of Allah ﷺ then turned to Mu'adh and said: Are you there to (put the people) to trial? Recite such and recite such (and such a surah). It is transmitted on the authority of Jabir, as told by Sufyan, that he (the Holy Prophet) had said: "By the sun and its morning brightness" (Surah xci), "By brightness" (Surah xciii), "By the night when it spreads" (Surah xcii), and "Glorify the name of thy most high Lord" (Surah lxxxii).
كَانَ مُعَاذٌ يُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثُمَّ يَأْتِي فَيَؤُمُّ قَوْمَهُ فَصَلَّى لَيْلَةً مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الْعِشَاءَ ثُمَّ أَتَى قَوْمَهُ فَأَمَّهُمْ فَافْتَتَحَ بِسُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ فَانْحَرَفَ رَجُلٌ فَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى وَحْدَهُ وَانْصَرَفَ فَقَالُوا لَهُ أَنَافَقْتَ يَا فُلاَنُ قَالَ لاَ وَاللَّهِ وَلآتِيَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلأُخْبِرَنَّهُ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا أَصْحَابُ نَوَاضِحَ نَعْمَلُ بِالنَّهَارِ وَإِنَّ مُعَاذًا صَلَّى مَعَكَ الْعِشَاءَ ثُمَّ أَتَى فَافْتَتَحَ بِسُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ فَأَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى مُعَاذٍ فَقَالَ يَا مُعَاذُ أَفَتَّانٌ أَنْتَ اقْرَأْ بِكَذَا وَاقْرَأْ بِكَذَا قَالَ سُفْيَانُ فَقُلْتُ لِعَمْرٍو إِنَّ أَبَا الزُّبَيْرِ حَدَّثَنَا عَنْ جَابِرٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ اقْرَأْ وَالشَّمْسِ وَضُحَاهَا وَالضُّحَى وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى وَسَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الأَعْلَى فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو نَحْوَ هَذَا
'Mu'adh b. Jabal al-Ansari led his companions in the night prayer and prolonged it for them. A person amongst us said prayer (after having separated himself from the congregation). Mu'adh was informed of this, and he remarked that he was a hypocrite. When it (the remark) was conveyed to the man, he went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him of what Mu'adh had said. Upon this the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: Mu'adh, do you want to become a person putting (people) to trial? When you lead people in prayer, recite:" By the Sun and its morning brightness" (Surat ash-Shams)," Glorify the name of thy most high Lord" (Surat al-Aʿla) and" Read in the name of Lord" (Surat al-ʿAlaq), and" By the night when it spreads" (Surat al-Lail).
إِنَّهُ مُنَافِقٌ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلَ دَخَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَهُ مَا قَالَ مُعَاذٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَتُرِيدُ أَنْ تَكُونَ فَتَّانًا يَا مُعَاذُ إِذَا أَمَمْتَ النَّاسَ فَاقْرَأْ بِالشَّمْسِ وَضُحَاهَا وَسَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الأَعْلَى وَاقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى
Mu'adh b. Jabal said the night prayer with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and then returned to his people and then led them in this prayer.
أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ كَانَ يُصَلِّي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْعِشَاءَ الآخِرَةَ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ تِلْكَ الصَّلاَةَ
Mu'adh said the night prayer with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He then came to the mosque of his people and led them in prayer.
كَانَ مُعَاذٌ يُصَلِّي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْعِشَاءَ ثُمَّ يَأْتِي مَسْجِدَ قَوْمِهِ فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ