7. Ṣawm (Fasting)
٧۔ كتاب الصيام
“A Bedouin came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: ‘I have seen the new crescent tonight.’ He said: ‘Do you bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?’ He said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Get up, O Bilal, and announce to the people that they should fast tomorrow.’” Abu 'Ali said: "This is how it was narrated from Walid bin Abu Thawr and Hasan bin 'Ali. It was also narrated from Hammad bin Salamah, but he did not mention Ibn 'Abbas. He said: 'And he announced that they should perform the prayer and that they should fast.'"
جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَبْصَرْتُ الْهِلاَلَ اللَّيْلَةَ فَقَالَ أَتَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُمْ يَا بِلاَلُ فَأَذِّنْ فِي النَّاسِ أَنْ يَصُومُوا غَدًا
“My paternal uncles among the Ansar who were among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ told me: ‘The new crescent of Shawwal was covered with clouds, so we fasted the next day. Then some riders came at the end of the day and testified to the Prophet ﷺ that they had seen the new crescent the night before. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded them to break their fast and to go out to offer the ‘Eid prayer the following morning.’”
حَدَّثَنِي عُمُومَتِي مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالُوا أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْنَا هِلاَلُ شَوَّالٍ فَأَصْبَحْنَا صِيَامًا فَجَاءَ رَكْبٌ مِنْ آخِرِ النَّهَارِ فَشَهِدُوا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُمْ رَأَوُا الْهِلاَلَ بِالأَمْسِ فَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُفْطِرُوا وَأَنْ يَخْرُجُوا إِلَى عِيدِهِمْ مِنَ الْغَدِ