51. Book of Inheritance
٥١۔ كِتَابُ الْفَرَائِضِ
ذِكْرُ الْأَمْرِ لِأَصْحَابِ السِّهَامِ فَرِيضَتَهُمْ، وَإِعْطَاءِ الْعَصَبَةِ بَاقِي الْمَالِ بَعْدَهُ
[Machine] About the Prophetﷺ he said: "Keep your wealth joined with the obligatory acts, for whatever is not fulfilled of the obligatory acts should belong to the closest male relative."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «أَلْحِقُوا الْمَالَ بِ الْفَرَائِضِ فَمَا تَرَكَتِ الْفَرَائِضُ فَلِأَوْلَى رَجُلٍ ذَكَرٍ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ رَوْحُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ، وَوهَيْبُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Allocate the wealth according to the obligatory shares (Islamic inheritance). Whatever remains after fulfilling the obligatory shares should be given to the closest male relative."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَلْحِقُوا الْمَالَ بِالْفَرَائِضِ فَمَا أَبْقَتِ الْفَرَائِضُ فَلِأَوْلَى رَجُلٍ ذَكَرٍ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ رَفْعَ هَذَا الْخَبَرِ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ
[Machine] From the Prophet ﷺ, he said, "Join wealth with compulsory obligations, for what remains of compulsory obligations is the right of the most deserving individual, whether male or female."
عن النبي ﷺ قَالَ «أَلْحِقُوا الْمَالَ بِالْفَرَائِضِ فَمَا أَبْقَتِ الْفَرَائِضُ فَلأَوْلَى رَجُلٍ ذَكَرٍ»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ مَا تُعْطَى الْجَدَّةُ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ
“A grandmother came to Abu Bakr Siddiq and asked him for her inheritance. Abu Bakr said to her: ‘You have nothing according to the Book of Allah, and I don’t know of anything for you according to the Book of Allah, and I don’t know of anything for you according to the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Go back until I ask the people.’ So he asked the people and Al-Mughirah bin Shu’bah said: ‘I was present with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he gave her (the grandmother) one sixth.’ Abu Bakr said: ‘Is there anyone else with you (who will corroborate what you say)?’ Muhammad bin Maslamah Al-Ansari stood up and said something like what Mughirah bin Shu’bah had said. So Abu Bakr applied it in her case.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2724)
أَنَّهُ قَالَ جَاءَتِ الْجَدَّةُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا فَقَالَ مَا لَكِ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ وَمَا أَعْلَمُ لَكِ فِي سُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ شَيْئًا فَارْجِعِي حَتَّى أَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ فَسَأَلَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ «حَضَرْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَعْطَاهَا السُّدُسَ» فَقَالَ هَلْ مَعَكَ غَيْرُكَ؟ فَقَامَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ فَأَنْفَذَ لَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ السُّدُسَ ثُمَّ جَاءَتِ الْجَدَّةُ الْأُخْرَى إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا فَقَالَ مَا لَكِ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ وَمَا كَانَ الْقَضَاءُ الَّذِي قَضَى بِهِ إِلَّا لِغَيْرِكِ وَمَا أَنَا بِزَائِدٍ فِي الْفَرَائِضِ شَيْئًا وَلَكِنْ هُوَ ذَلِكَ السُّدُسُ فَإِنِ اجْتَمَعْتُمَا فِيهِ فَهُوَ بَيْنَكُمَا وَأَيَّتُكُمَا خَلَتْ بِهِ فَهُوَ لَهَا
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ بِأَنَّ مَنِ اسْتَهَلَّ مِنَ الصِّبْيَانِ عِنْدَ الْوِلَادَةِ وَرِثُوا، وَوُرِثُوا، وَاسْتَحَقُّوا الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيْهِمْ
[Machine] About the Prophet ﷺ , he said, "Whenever a child sneezes, you should say 'May Allah have mercy on him' and they should be blessed."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ الصَّبِيُّ صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَوُرِّثَ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَعَلَا نَفَى أَخْذَ الْمَرْءِ الْمُسْلِمِ مِيرَاثَهُ مِنَ النَّسَبِ مِمَّنْ لَيْسَ عَلَى دِينِ الْإِسْلَامِ
The Prophet ﷺ as saying: A Muslim may not inherit from an infidel nor an infidel from a Muslim. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2909)
النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ وَلَا الْكَافِرُ الْمُسْلِمَ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْأَخَوَاتِ مَعَ الْبَنَاتِ يَكُنَّ عَصَبَةً
[Machine] Regarding the Prophet ﷺ, concerning a daughter, a granddaughter, and a sister, he said, "The daughter receives half, the granddaughter receives two-thirds, and the remaining portion goes to the sister."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي ابْنَةٍ وَابْنَةِ ابْنٍ وَأُخْتٍ قَالَ «لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفُ وَلِابْنَةِ الِابْنِ السُّدُسُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأُخْتِ»