45. Book of Slaughtering
٤٥۔ كِتَابُ الذَّبَائِحِ
ذِكْرُ الْأَمْرِ بِحَدِّ الشِّفَارِ، وَالْإِحْسَانِ فِي الذَّبْحِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَهُ
“Allah has prescribed Al-Ihsan (proficiency) in all things. So if you kill, then kill well, and if you slaughter, then slaughter well. Let one of you sharpen his blade and spare suffering to the animal he slaughters.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3170)
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَتَبَ الْإِحْسَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَإِذَا قَتَلْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الْقِتْلَةَ وَإِذَا ذَبَحْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الذَّبْحَ وَلْيُحِدَّ أَحَدُكُمْ شَفْرَتَهُ وَلْيُرِحْ ذَبِيحَتَهُ»
ذِكْرُ الْأَمْرِ بِإِحْدَادِ الشَّفْرَةِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ الذَّبْحَ، وَإِحْسَانِ الذَّبْحِ بِالرِّفْقِ
“Allah has prescribed Al-Ihsan (proficiency) in all things. So if you kill, then kill well, and if you slaughter, then slaughter well. Let one of you sharpen his blade and spare suffering to the animal he slaughters.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3170)
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَتَبَ الْإِحْسَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَإِذَا قَتَلْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الْقِتْلَةَ وَإِذَا ذَبَحْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الذَّبْحَ وَلْيُحِدَّ أَحَدُكُمْ شَفْرَتَهُ وَلْيُرِحْ ذَبِيحَتَهُ»
ذِكْرُ الْأَمْرِ بِأَكْلِ مَا ذُبِحَ بِالْمَرْوَةِ مِنْ ذَوَاتِ الْأَرْوَاحِ
a wolf attacked a sheep so they slaughtered it with a Marwah, and the Prophet allowed it to be eaten. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4407)
أَنَّ ذِئْبًا نَيَّبَ فِي شَاةٍ فَذَبَحُوهَا بِمَرْوَةٍ فَسَأَلُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَمَرَهُمْ بِأَكْلِهَا فَأَكَلُوا «
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ أَكْلَ مَا ذُبِحَ بِغَيْرِ الْحَدِيدِ، وَذُكِرَ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ جَائِزٌ أَكْلُهُ خَلَا السِّنِّ وَالظُّفُرِ
My grandfather, Rafiʿ said, "We were in the company of the Prophet ﷺ at DhulHulaifa, and the people suffered from hunger. We got some camels and sheep (as booty) and the Prophet ﷺ was still behind the people. They hurried and put the cooking pots on the fire. (When he came) he ordered that the cooking pots should be upset and then he distributed the booty (amongst the people) regarding ten sheep as equal to one camel then a camel fled and the people chased it till they got tired, as they had a few horses (for chasing it). So a man threw an arrow at it and caused it to stop (with Allah's Permission). On that the Prophet ﷺ said, 'Some of these animals behave like wild beasts, so, if any animal flee from you, deal with it in the same way." My grandfather asked (the Prophet ﷺ ), "We hope (or are afraid) that we may meet the enemy tomorrow and we have no knives. Can we slaughter our animals with canes?" Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "If the instrument used for killing causes the animal to bleed profusely and if Allah's Name is mentioned on killing it, then eat its meat (i.e. it is lawful) but won't use a tooth or a nail and I am telling you the reason: A tooth is a bone (and slaughtering with a bone is forbidden ), and a nail is the slaughtering instrument of the Ethiopians." (Using translation from Bukhārī 3075)
كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ فَأَصَابَ النَّاسَ جُوعٌ وَأَصَبْنَا إِبِلًا وَغَنَمًا وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي أُخْرَيَاتِ النَّاسِ فَعَجِلُوا فَذَبَحُوا وَنَصَبُوا الْقُدُورَ فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ بِالْقُدُورِ فَأُكْفِئَتْ ثُمَّ قَسَمَ فَعَدَلَ عَشْرًا مِنَ الْغَنَمِ بِبَعِيرٍ فَنَدَّ مِنْهَا بَعِيرٌ وَكَانَ فِي الْقَوْمِ خَيْلٌ يَسِيرَةٌ فَطَلَبُوهُ فَأَعْيَاهُمْ فَأَهْوَى إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ بِسَهْمٍ فَحَبَسَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْبَهَائِمَ لَهَا أَوَابِدُ كَأَوَابِدِ الْوحُوشِ فَمَا نَدَّ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْهَا فَاصْنَعُوا بِهِ هَكَذَا» وَقَالَ جَدِّي إِنَّا نَرْجُو أَنْ نَلْقَى غَدًا عَدُوًّا وَلَيْسَ مَعَنَا مُدًى فَنَذْبَحُ بِالْقُضُبِ فَقَالَ ﷺ «مَا أَنْهَرَ الدَّمُ وَذُكِرَ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَكُلْ لَيْسَ السِّنَّ وَالظُّفُرَ وَسَأُحَدِّثُكُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ أَمَا السِّنُّ فَعَظْمٌ وَأَمَّا الظُّفُرُ فَمُدَى الْحَبَشَةِ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَنْ جَوَازِ أَكْلِ الذَّبِيحِ بِغَيْرِ حَدِيدٍ
[Machine] "He caught two rabbits and slaughtered them by cutting their throats with a knife. Then, he asked the Prophet ﷺ , who instructed him to eat them."
«أَنَّهُ صَادَ أَرْنَبَيْنِ فَذَبَحَهُمَا بِمَرْوَةٍ فَسَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَمَرَهُ بِأَكْلِهِمَا»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ تَرْكِ قَطْعِ الْوَدَجِ عِنْدَ الذَّبْحِ
[Machine] The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ forbade tying knots. Ikrimah said, “They used to cut a small portion of it, then leave it until it died, but they would not cut the waḍaj. He forbade that."
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ شَرِيطَةِ الشَّيْطَانِ» قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ «كَانُوا يَقْطَعُونَ مِنْهَا الشَّيْءَ الْيَسِيرَ ثُمَّ يَدَعُونَهَا حَتَّى تَمُوتَ وَلَا يَقْطَعُونَ الْوَدَجَ نَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْجَنِينَ إِذَا ذُكِّيَتْ أُمُّهُ حَلَّ أَكْلُهُ
The Prophet ﷺ said: The slaughter of embryo is included when its mother is slaughtered. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2828)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «ذَكَاةُ الْجَنِينِ ذَكَاةُ أُمِّهِ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِبَاحَةِ لِلْمَرْءِ أَكْلَ مَا ذُبِحَ بِالْمَرْوَةِ دُونَ الْحَدِيدِ
[Machine] "To die without finding a piece of iron to kindle it, so it was kindled with a matchstick, and the Prophet ﷺ was asked about it, so he permitted eating it."
أَنْ تَمُوتَ فَلَمْ تَجِدْ حَدِيدَةً تُذَكِّيهَا فَذَكَّتْهَا بِمَرْوَةٍ فَسُئِلَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ بِأَكْلِهَا»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ قَدْ يُوهِمُ غَيْرَ الْمُتَبَحِّرِ فِي صِنَاعَةِ الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّ الْخَبَرَ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ مَوْهُومٌ
[Machine] He informed him that his neighbor had a servant girl who used to take care of their livestock. She saw a dead sheep from her flock, so she broke a stone and slaughtered it with it. He told his family not to eat from it until he goes to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asks him. So he went to the Prophet ﷺ and asked him about it. He said, "O Messenger of Allah, we had a servant girl who used to take care of our livestock. She saw a dead sheep from her flock, so she broke a stone and slaughtered it with it." The Prophet ﷺ ordered him to eat it.
أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ جَارِيَةً لَهُمْ كَانَتْ تَرْعَى بِسَلْعٍ فَرَأَتْ بِشَاةٍ مِنْ غَنَمِهَا مَوْتًا فَكَسَرَتْ حَجَرًا فَذَبَحَتْهَا بِهِ فَقَالَ لِأَهْلِهِ لَا تَأْكُلُوا مِنْهُ حَتَّى آتِيَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَسْأَلَهُ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ جَارِيَةً لَنَا كَانَتْ تَرْعَى بِسَلْعٍ فَأَبْصَرَتْ بِشَاةٍ مِنْ غَنَمِهَا مَوْتًا فَكَسَرَتْ حَجَرًا فَذَبَحَتْهَا بِهِ فَأَمَرَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِأَكْلِهَا «
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ ذَبْحِ الْمَرْءِ شَيْئًا مِنَ الطُّيُورِ عَبَثًا دُونَ الْقَصْدِ فِي الِانْتِفَاعِ بِهِ
"I heard Sharid say: 'I herd the Messenger of Allah say: Whoever kills a small bird for no reason, it will beseech Allah on the Day of Resurrection saying: O Lord, so and so killed me for no reason. And he did not kill me for any beneficial purpose."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4446)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ قَتَلَ عُصْفُورًا عَبَثًا عَجَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ فُلَانًا قَتَلَنِي عَبَثًا وَلَمْ يَقْتُلْنِي مَنْفَعَةً»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ ذَبْحَ الْمَرْءِ الذَّبِيحَةَ بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ وَمِلَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ
The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: "I have been commanded to fight the idolators until they bear witness to La ilaha illallah (there is none worthy of worship except Allah) and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah [SAW]. If they bear witness to La ilaha illallah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah [SAW], and they face our Qiblah, eat our slaughtered animals, and pray as we do, then their blood and wealth become forbidden except for a right that is due, and they will have the same rights and obligations as the Muslims." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3967)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَإِذَا شَهِدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَاسْتَقْبَلُوا قِبْلَتَنَا وَأَكَلُوا ذَبِيحَتَنَا وَصَلُّوا صَلَاتَنَا فَقَدْ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْنَا دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَأَمْوَالُهُمْ لَهُمْ مَا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَعَلَيْهِمْ مَا عَلَيْهِمْ»
ذِكْرُ لَعْنِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ الْمُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ
[Machine] "There is nothing except for a small piece of paper near this sword. It says, 'May Allah curse those who associate partners with Allah, and may Allah curse those who support others besides His loyal servants.'"
لَا إِلَّا مَا فِي قِرَابِ هَذَا السَّيْفِ صَحِيفَةً صَغِيرَةً قَالَ فَوَجَدْنَا فِيهَا «لَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ أَهَلَّ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ وَلَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ تَوَلَّى لِغَيْرِ مَوَالِيهِ»
45.1.8 Subsection
٤٥۔١۔٨ ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ اسْتِعْمَالِ الْمُسْلِمِ ذَبَائِحَ الرَّجَبِيَّةِ، وَأَوَّلَ النِّتَاجِ الَّذِي كَانَ يَذْبَحُهُمَا أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ
Prophet ﷺ sa saying: There is no fara' and 'atirah. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2831)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا فَرَعَ وَلَا عَتِيرَةَ»
[Machine] He asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: "We used to slaughter sacrificial animals, then we would eat from it and give food to those who came to us." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "There is no harm in that."
أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَذْبَحُ ذَبَائِحَ * فَنَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا وَنُطْعِمُ مَنْ جَاءَنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ»