[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions continued on the year of the conquest until they reached Marr Al-Zuhra with ten thousand Muslims. Sulaym and Muzaynah were there, and in every tribe there was a number of people who had embraced Islam. The Muhajirun (emigrants) and the Ansar (helpers) were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and none of them stayed behind. The news about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ became unknown to the Quraysh, and they did not receive any information about what he was doing. Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith and Abdullah ibn Abi Umayyah ibn al-Mughirah met the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Thaniyyat al-Aqabah on the way from Makkah to Madinah, and they sought permission to enter. Umm Salamah spoke to him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, this is your cousin, the son of your aunt, and your son-in-law." He replied, "I have no need for them. As for my cousin, he has violated my honour, and as for my aunt's son and my son-in-law, he was the one who said to me in Makkah what he said." When the news reached them, Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith had a son who said, "By Allah, the Messenger of Allah will either give permission for me, or I will take his son by the hand, and we will go away and die of thirst or hunger." When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard about this, he sent for them, and they entered upon him. Abu Sufyan began reciting poetry about his Islam and his apology for what had happened in the past. He said, "By your life, on the day I carry a flag, the horses of al-Lat will defeat the horses of Muhammad, even if the dark night lasts long. This is the time for truth to guide and direct me. So tell Ta'if that I do not seek to fight them, and tell Ta'if that I am ready for them, guided by someone other than myself, who has guided me to Allah. I will flee quickly and strive to fight against Muhammad, even if I am not related to him. They are a group of people who do not follow their desires, even if they are intelligent and logical." He continued, "I desire for them to be pleased with me, and I will not leave them until I have been guided in every sitting. I was not in the army that gained victory, nor did my tongue bring any good, nor did my hands touch any tribe that came from distant lands, with arrows and swords. Indeed, the one you expelled and insulted will strive hard to seek revenge, not restrained by custom." When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard Abu Sufyan recite poetry about himself, he struck him in the chest and said, "You are the one who expelled and insulted me." Ibn Ishaq mentioned, "The mother of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died while she was visiting her relatives from the Banu Najjar tribe."  

مَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ حَتَّى نَزَلَ مَرَّ الظَّهْرَانِ فِي عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَسَبَّعَتْ سُلَيْمٌ وَأَلَّفَتْ مُزَيْنَةُ وَفِي كُلِّ الْقَبَائِلِ عَدَدٌ وَإِسْلَامٌ وَأَوْعَبَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ فَلَمْ يَتَخَلَّفْ عَنْهُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ وَقَدْ عَمِيَتِ الْأَخْبَارُ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَلَا يَأْتِيَهُمْ خَبَرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَا يَدْرُونَ مَا هُوَ صَانِعٌ وَكَانَ أَبُو سُفْيَانُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَدْ لَقِيَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثَنِيَّةَ الْعِقَابِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ فَالْتَمَسَا الدُّخُولَ عَلَيْهِ فَكَلَّمَتْهُ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ابْنُ عَمِّكَ وَابْنُ عَمَّتِكَ وَصِهْرُكِ فَقَالَ «لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهِمَا أَمَّا ابْنُ عَمِّي فَهَتَكَ عِرْضِي وَأَمَّا ابْنُ عَمَّتِي وَصِهْرِي فَهُوَ الَّذِي قَالَ لِي بِمَكَّةَ مَا قَالَ» فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ الْخَبَرُ إِلَيْهِمَا بِذَلِكَ وَمَعَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ ابْنٌ لَهُ فَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ لَيَأَذْنَنَّ رَسُولُ ﷺ أَوْ لَآخُذَنَّ بِيَدِ ابْنِي هَذَا ثُمَّ لَنَذْهَبَنَّ فِي الْأَرْضِ حَتَّى نَمُوتَ عَطَشًا أَوْ جُوعًا فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَقَّ لَهُمَا فَدَخَلَا عَلَيْهِ فَأَنْشَدَهُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ قَوْلَهُ فِي إِسْلَامِهِ وَاعْتِذَارِهِ مِمَّا كَانَ مَضَى فِيهِ فَقَالَ [البحر الطويل] لَعَمْرُكَ إِنِّي يَوْمَ أَحْمِلُ رَايَةً لِتَغْلِبَ خَيْلُ اللَّاتِ خَيْلَ مُحَمَّدِ لَكَا لِمُدْلِجِ الْحَيْرَانُ أَظْلَمَ لَيْلَةً فَهَذَا أَوَانُ الْحَقِّ أَهْدِي وَأَهْتَدِي فَقُلْ لِثَقِيفٍ لَا أُرِيدُ قِتَالَكُمْ وَقُلْ لِثَقِيفٍ تِلْكَ عِنْدِي فَاوْعَدِي هَدَانِي هَادٍ غَيْرَ نَفْسِي وَدَلَّنِي إِلَى اللَّهِ مَنْ طَرَدْتُ كُلَّ مَطْرَدِ أَفِرُّ سَرِيعًا جَاهِدًا عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَدَّعِي وَلَوْ لَمْ أَنْتَسِبْ لِمُحَمَّدِ هُمْ عُصْبَةُ مَنْ لَمْ يَقُلْ بِهَواهُمْ وَإِنْ كَانَ ذَا رَأْيٍ يُلِمْ وَيُفَنَّدِ أُرِيدُ لِأَرِضِيَهُمْ وَلَسْتُ بِلَافِظٍ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ مَا لَمْ أُهْدَ فِي كُلِّ مَقْعَدِ فَمَا كُنْتُ فِي الْجَيْشِ الَّذِي نَالَ عَامِرًا وَلَا كَلَّ عَنْ خَيْرٍ لِسَانِي وَلَا يَدِي قَبَائِلُ جَاءَتْ مِنْ بِلَادٍ بَعِيدَةٍ تَوَابِعُ جَاءَتْ مِنْ سِهَامٍ وَسُرْدَدِ وَإِنَّ الَّذِي أَخَرَجْتُمْ وَشَتَمْتُمْ سَيَسْعَى لَكُمْ سَعْيَ امْرِئٍ غَيْرِ قَعْدَدِ قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَنْشَدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى اللَّهِ مَنْ طُرِدْتُ كُلَّ مَطْرَدِ ضَرَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي صَدْرِهِ فَقَالَ «أَنْتَ طَرَدْتَنِي كُلَّ مَطْرَدِ» قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ «مَاتَتْ أُمُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْأَبْوَاءِ وَهِيَ تَزُورُ خَوَالَهَا مِنْ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ»  

[Machine] "Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq wrote a letter to Khalid bin Al-Walid, who was in Al-Yamamah, from Abdullah Abu Bakr's caliph. Peace be upon you, O Khalid bin Al-Walid and those who are with him from the Muhajireen, the Ansar, and the followers. I praise Allah to you, the One whom there is no god but He. After that, all praise be to Allah who fulfilled His promise, supported His servant, honored His guardian, humiliated His enemy, and defeated the factions individually. Indeed, Allah, whom there is no god but He, has said: 'Allah has promised those who have believed among you and done righteous deeds that He will surely grant them succession [to authority] upon the earth just as He granted it to those before them and that He will surely establish for them [therein] their religion which He has preferred for them.' (Qur'an 24:55) He wrote the entire verse and recited the verse as a promise from Him, with no deviation, and made jihad obligatory upon the believers, saying: 'Fighting has been prescribed upon you while it is hateful to you.' (Qur'an 2:216) Until he finished reciting the verses, he affirmed the promise of Allah to you, so obey Him in what He has prescribed upon you. Even if the burden becomes heavy, the provision becomes scarce, and difficulties arise, consider it small compared to the immense reward from Allah. So march, and may Allah have mercy upon you, in the path of Allah with light and heavy weapons, and strive with your wealth and yourselves.' (Qur'an 9:41) He wrote the entire verse saying, 'Behold, I have commanded Khalid bin Al-Walid to march to Iraq, and he should not leave it until my order reaches him. So march with him and do not lag behind, for it is a way in which Allah has glorified and increased the reward for those whose intention is good and whose desire for goodness is great. So when you reach Iraq, stay there until my order comes to you. May Allah suffice us and you from the difficulties of this world and the hereafter. Peace be upon you, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings.' The Sheikh (narrator) then elaborated on the historical events and the inclusion of his letter in the biography towards Sham (Greater Syria) and the reinforcement of the army leaders there and the victories of the Muslims in the days of Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, and the departure of Heraclius towards Byzantium and the conquests in Iraq, Persia, and the destruction of Khosrow and the carrying of his treasures to Al-Madina in the days of Umar bin Al-Khattab."  

فَكَتَبَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ ؓ إِلَى خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ وَهُوَ بِالْيَمَامَةِ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ خَلِيفَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ وَالتَّابِعِينَ بِإِحْسَانٍ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ فَإِنِّي أَحْمَدُ إِلَيْكُمُ اللهَ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَنْجَزَ وَعْدَهُ وَنَصَرَ عَبْدَهُ وَأَعَزَّ وَلِيَّهُ وَأَذَلَّ عَدُوَّهُ وَغَلَبَ الْأَحْزَابَ فَرْدًا فَإِنَّ اللهَ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ هُوَ قَالَ {وَعَدَ اللهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْكُمْ وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ لَيَسْتَخْلِفَنَّهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ كَمَا اسْتَخْلَفَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ وَلَيُمَكِّنَنَّ لَهُمْ دِينَهُمُ الَّذِي ارْتَضَى لَهُمْ} [النور 55] وَكَتَبَ الْآيَةَ كُلَّهَا وَقَرَأَ الْآيَةَ وَعْدًا مِنْهُ لَا خُلْفَ لَهُ وَمَقَالًا لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ وَفَرَضَ الْجِهَادَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ {كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ وَهُوَ كُرْهٌ لَكُمْ} [البقرة 216] حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ فَاسْتَتِمُّوا بِوَعْدِ اللهِ إِيَّاكُمْ وَأَطِيعُوهُ فِيمَا فَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَإِنْ عَظُمَتْ فِيهِ الْمُؤْنَةُ وَاسْتَبَدَّتِ الرَّزِيَّةُ وَبَعُدَتِ الْمَشَقَّةُ وَفُجِعْتُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ بِالْأَمْوَالِ وَالْأَنْفُسِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يَسِيرٌ فِي عَظِيمِ ثَوَابِ اللهِ فَاغْزُوا رَحِمَكُمُ اللهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ {خِفَافًا وَثِقَالًا وَجَاهِدُوا بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَنْفُسِكُمْ} [التوبة 41] كَتَبَ الْآيَةَ أَلَا وَقَدْ أَمَرْتُ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ بِالْمَسِيرِ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ فَلَا يَبْرَحْهَا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ أَمْرِي فَسِيرُوا مَعَهُ وَلَا تَتَثَاقَلُوا عَنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ سَبِيلٌ يُعْظِمُ اللهُ فِيهِ الْأَجْرَ لِمَنْ حَسُنَتْ فِيهِ نِيَّتُهُ وَعَظُمَتْ فِي الْخَيْرِ رَغْبَتُهُ فَإِذَا وَقَعْتُمُ الْعِرَاقَ فَكُونُوا بِهَا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكُمْ أَمْرِي كَفَانَا اللهُ وَإِيَّاكُمْ مُهِمَّاتِ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ ثُمَّ بَيَّنَ فِي التَّوَارِيخِ وُرُودَ كِتَابِهِ عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّيْرِ إِلَى الشَّامِ وَإِمْدَادِ مَنْ بِهَا مِنْ أُمَرَاءِ الْأَجْنَادِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ الظَّفَرِ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ يَوْمَ أَجْنَادِينَ فِي أَيَّامِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ؓ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ خُرُوجِ هِرَقْلَ مُتَوَجِّهًا نَحْوَ الرُّومِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ الْفُتُوحِ بِهَا وَبِالْعِرَاقِ وَبِأَرْضِ فَارِسَ وَهَلَاكِ كِسْرَى وَحَمْلِ كُنُوزِهِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فِي أَيَّامِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ