ʿUmar bin al-Khattab gave a speech and said: O people, we used to know you when the Prophet ﷺ was among us and revelation was coming down to him; Allah would tell us about you. But now the Prophet ﷺ has passed away and revelation has ceased, and now the way to judge you is this whoever among you shows us good conduct, we will think well of him and love him; whoever among you shows us bad conduct, we will think badly of him and hate him for that, and whatever is in your hearts is between you and your Lord. There was a time when I used to think that whoever learned the Qurʿan, seeking thereby Allah and (the reward that) is with Him, would be rewarded in the Hereafter, but some men learned Qurʿan seeking that which is with people. So seek Allah by learning Qurʿan and by your good deeds. By Allah, I do not send my workers to strike you or seize your wealth; rather I send them to you to teach you your religion and Sunnah, whoever has done to him something other than that, let him refer it to me, for by the One in Whose hand is my soul, I shall surely grant him retaliation. ʿAmr bin al-ʿAs stood up and said: O Ameer al Muʿmineen, do you think if one of the Muslims was in charge of some people and he disciplined one of them, would you allow that one to settle the score with him? He said: Yes, by the One in Whose hand is the soul of ʿUmar, I would not certainly allow him to settle the score with him. I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ do that with regard to himself. But do not strike the Muslims and thus humiliate them, and do not keep them away from their wives on campaign for too long and thus expose them to temptation. Do not withhold from them their due rights and cause them to rebel; and do not make them camp in an area with a lot of trees, because that will cause them to be scattered. It was narrated that ‘Abul-ʿAjfaʿ as-Sulami said: I heard ‘Umar say: Do not make womenʿs dowries expensive,... and he mentioned the same hadeeth.  

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَلَا إِنَّا إِنَّمَا كُنَّا نَعْرِفُكُمْ إِذْ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْنَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَإِذْ يَنْزِلُ الْوَحْيُ وَإِذْ يُنْبِئُنَا اللهُ مِنْ أَخْبَارِكُمْ أَلَا وَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَدِ انْطَلَقَ وَقَدِ انْقَطَعَ الْوَحْيُ وَإِنَّمَا نَعْرِفُكُمْ بِمَا نَقُولُ لَكُمْ مَنْ أَظْهَرَ مِنْكُمْ خَيْرًا ظَنَنَّا بِهِ خَيْرًا وَأَحْبَبْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِ وَمَنْ أَظْهَرَ مِنْكُمْ لَنَا شَرًّا ظَنَنَّا بِهِ شَرًّا وَأَبْغَضْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِ سَرَائِرُكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ رَبِّكُمْ أَلا إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَتَى عَلَيَّ حِينٌ وَأَنَا أَحْسِبُ أَنَّ مَنْ قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ يُرِيدُ اللهَ وَمَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَدْ خُيِّلَ إِلَيَّ بِآخِرَةٍ أَلا إِنَّ رِجَالًا قَدْ قَرَؤُوهُ يُرِيدُونَ بِهِ مَا عِنْدَ النَّاسِ فَأَرِيدُوا اللهَ بِقِرَاءَتِكُمْ وَأَرِيدُوهُ بِأَعْمَالِكُمْأَلا إِنِّي وَاللهِ مَا أُرْسِلُ عُمَّالِي إِلَيْكُمْ لِيَضْرِبُوا أَبْشَارَكُمْ وَلا لِيَأْخُذُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ وَلَكِنْ أُرْسِلُهُمْ إِلَيْكُمْ لِيُعَلِّمُوكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَسُنَّتَكُمْ فَمَنْ فُعِلَ بِهِ شَيْءٌ سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَلْيَرْفَعْهُ إِلَيَّ فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِذَاً لَأُقِصَّنَّهُ مِنْهُ فَوَثَبَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَوَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى رَعِيَّةٍ فَأَدَّبَ بَعْضَ رَعِيَّتِهِ أَئِنَّكَ لَمُقْتَصُّهُ مِنْهُ؟ قَالَ إِي وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ عُمَرَ بِيَدِهِ إِذَاً لَأُقِصَّنَّهُ مِنْهُ أَنَّى لا أُقِصَّنَّهُ مِنْهُ وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُرَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُقِصُّ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ؟ ألا لَا تَضْرِبُوا الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَتُذِلُّوهُمْ وَلا تُجَمِّرُوهُمْ فَتَفْتِنُوهُمْ وَلا تَمْنَعُوهُمْ حُقُوقَهُمْ فَتُكَفِّرُوهُمْ وَلا تُنْزِلُوهُمُ الْغِيَاضَ فَتُضَيِّعُوهُمْ  

ʿUmar bin al-Khattab gave a speech and said: O people, we used to know you when the Prophet ﷺ was among us and revelation was coming down to him; Allah would tell us about you. But now the Prophet ﷺ has passed away and revelation has ceased, and now the way to judge you is this whoever among you shows us good conduct, we will think well of him and love him; whoever among you shows us bad conduct, we will think badly of him and hate him for that, and whatever is in your hearts is between you and your Lord. There was a time when I used to think that whoever learned the Qurʿan, seeking thereby Allah and (the reward that) is with Him, would be rewarded in the Hereafter, but some men learned Qurʿan seeking that which is with people. So seek Allah by learning Qurʿan and by your good deeds. By Allah, I do not send my workers to strike you or seize your wealth; rather I send them to you to teach you your religion and Sunnah, whoever has done to him something other than that, let him refer it to me, for by the One in Whose hand is my soul, I shall surely grant him retaliation. ʿAmr bin al-ʿAs stood up and said: O Ameer al Muʿmineen, do you think if one of the Muslims was in charge of some people and he disciplined one of them, would you allow that one to settle the score with him? He said: Yes, by the One in Whose hand is the soul of ʿUmar, I would not certainly allow him to settle the score with him. I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ do that with regard to himself. But do not strike the Muslims and thus humiliate them, and do not keep them away from their wives on campaign for too long and thus expose them to temptation. Do not withhold from them their due rights and cause them to rebel; and do not make them camp in an area with a lot of trees, because that will cause them to be scattered. It was narrated that ‘Abul-ʿAjfaʿ as-Sulami said: I heard ‘Umar say: Do not make womenʿs dowries expensive,... and he mentioned the same hadeeth. (Using translation from Aḥmad 286)   

عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ «أَلَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَعْرِفُكُمْ إِذْ فِينَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَإِذْ يَنْزِلُ الْوَحْيُ وَإِذْ بَيْنَنَا مِنْ أَخْبَارِكُمْ أَلَا وَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَدِ انْطَلَقَ وَرُفِعَ الْوَحْيُ وَإِنَّمَا نَعْرِفُكُمْ بِمَا أَقُولُ لَكُمْ أَلَا وَمَنْ يُظْهِرُ مِنْكُمْ خَيْرًا ظَنَنَّا بِهِ خَيْرًا وَأَحْبَبْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِ وَمَنْ يُظْهِرُ مِنْكُمْ شَرًّا ظَنَنَّا بِهِ شَرًّا وَأَبْغَضْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِ سَرَائِرُكُمْ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ رَبِّكُمْ أَلَا وَقَدْ أَتَى عَلَيَّ زَمَانٌ وَأَنَا أَحْسَبُ مَنْ قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ يُرِيدُ بِهِ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَمَا عِنْدَهُ وَلَقَدْ خُيِّلَ إِلَيَّ بِآخِرَهِ أَنَّ قَوْمًا يَقْرَأُونَهُ يُرِيدُونَ مَا عِنْدَ النَّاسِ أَلَا فَأَرِيدُوا مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ بِقِرَاءَتِكُمْ وَبِعَمَلِكُمْ أَلَا وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ مَا أَبْعَثُ عُمَّالِي لِيَضْرِبُوا أَبْشَارَكُمْ وَيَأْخُذُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ وَلَكِنِّي أَبْعَثُهُمْ لِيُعَلِّمُوكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَسُنَنَكُمْ وَيَعْدِلُوا بَيْنَكُمْ وَيَقْسِمُوا فِيكُمْ فَيْئَكُمْ أَلَا مَنْ فُعِلَ بِهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلْيُرَافِعُهُ إِلَيَّ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ عُمَرَ بِيَدِهِ لَأَقُصَّهُ مِنْهُ» فَوَثَبَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانَ عَلَى رَعِيَّةٍ فَأَدَّبَ بَعْضَ رَعِيَّتِهِ إِنَّكَ لَمُقِصُّهُ مِنْهُ قَالَ «وَمَا لِي لَا أَقُصُّهُ وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُصُّ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ أَلَا لَا تَضْرِبُوهُمْ فَتُذِلُّوهُمْ وَلَا تَمْنَعُوهُمْ حَقَّهُمْ فَتُكَفِّرُوهُمْ وَلَا تُجْبِرُوهُمْ فَتَفْتِنُوهُمْ وَلَا تُنْزِلُوهُمُ الْغِيَاضَ فَتُضَيِّعُوهُمْ»  

"عن أبى فراس قال: خطب عمر فقال: يا أيها الناس: ألا إِنَّا كُنَّا نعرفكم إذ بين ظهرانينا النبى ﷺ وإذ يَنْزِلُ الوحى، وإذ ينبئنا الله من أخباركم، ألا وإن النبى ﷺ قد انطلق وقد انقطع الوحى، وإنما نعرفكم بما نقول لكم: من أظهر منكم خيرًا ظننا به خيرا، وأحببناه عليه، ومن أظهر منكم لنا شرّا ظننا به شرا وأبغضناه عليه، سرائِركم بينكم وبين ربكم، ألا إنه قد أتى على حين وأنا أحسب أن من قرأ القرآن يريد الله وما عنده، فقد خُيل إلى بآخره أن رجالا قد قَرَأُوه يريدون به ما عند الناس، فأريدوا الله بقراءتكم وأريدوه بأعمالكم، ألا إنى والله ما أرسل عُمالى إليكم ليضربوا أبشاركم، ولا ليأخذوا أموالكم، ولكن أرسلهم إليكم ليعلموكم دينكم وسنتكم، فمن فعل به شئ سوى ذلك فليرفعه إلىَّ، فوالذى نَفْسِى بِيَدِهِ إذًا لأُقِصَّنَّهُ منه، ألا لا تضربوا المسلمين فتذلوهم، ولا تُجَمِّرُوهم فَتَفْتِنُوهُمْ، ولا تمنعوهم حقوقهم فتكفروهم، ولا تنزلوهم الغِيَاضَ فتضيعوهم".

(فوثب عمرو بن العاص، فقال: يا أمير المؤمنين: أو رأيت إن كان رجل من المسلمين على رعية فأدب بعض رعيته أَئِنَّكَ لَمُقْتَصُّهُ مِنْهُ؟ قال: أى والذى نفس عمر بيده إذن لأُقِصَّنَّهُ منه، وقد رأيت رسول الله ﷺ يقص من نفسه).