Caution: Translations of Quran and Ḥadīth may lead to possible misapplications and misinterpretations. This site is intended for students of sacred knowledge that are proficient in comprehending classical Arabic and have a strong foundation in Islamic sciences. Also note that religious injunctions rely on several aspects beyond what one may glean through reading individual aḥādīth.
Qurʾān Bukhārī Muslim Nasāʾī Abū Dāwūd Tirmidhī Ibn Mājah Mālik Aḥmad Dārimī Ḥākim Ibn Ḥibbān Ṭabarānī Nasāʾī's Kubrá Bayhaqī al-Luʾluʾ wa-al-Marjān Ibn Rajab's Fifty Riyāḍ al-Ṣāliḥīn Aḥmad's Zuhd Suyūṭī
bayhaqi:16032 – Abū Zakariyyā b. Abū Isḥāq al-Muzakkī > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > al-Rabīʿ b. Sulaymān > al-Shāfiʿī > Muʿādh b. Mūsá > Bukayr b. Maʿrūf > Muqātil b. Ḥayyān > Muqātil Akhadht Hadhā al-Tafsīr

[Machine] In his statement, "So whoever has been forgiven by his brother for something, then it is ordained for him to follow that which is good" [Surah Al-Baqarah 2:178], it is said that it was written for the people of the Torah that whoever kills a soul without justification, he should be punished for it and should not be pardoned, and the "diyah" (blood money) should not be accepted from him. It was also prescribed for the people of the Gospel that he should be pardoned and not be killed. As for the nation of Muhammad ﷺ , it is left to him whether to kill, take the "diyah," or pardon. This is what his statement means, "That is a concession from your Lord and a mercy." [Surah Al-Baqarah 2:178]. The "diyah" is considered a concession from Allah because He made it an alternative to killing. Then it is mentioned, "So whoever transgresses after that will have a painful punishment" [Surah Al-Baqarah 2:178]. This means that whoever kills after taking the "diyah" will be subjected to a painful punishment. And it is stated in his statement, "And there is for you in legal retribution [saving of] life" [Surah Al-Baqarah 2:179], it means that through legal retribution, some of you avoid being killed by others out of fear.  

البيهقي:١٦٠٣٢ – أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ أنبأ مُعَاذُ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ قَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ أَخَذْتُ هَذَا التَّفْسِيرَ عَنْ نَفَرٍ حَفِظَ مُعَاذٌ مِنْهُمْ مُجَاهِدًا وَالْحَسَنَ وَالضَّحَّاكَ بْنَ مُزَاحِمٍ

فِي قَوْلِهِ {فَمَنْ عُفِيَ لَهُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ شَيْءٌ فَاتِّبَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ} [البقرة 178] الْآيَةَ قَالَ كَانَ كُتِبَ عَلَى أَهْلِ التَّوْرَاةِ مَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ حُقَّ أَنْ يُقَادَ بِهَا وَلَا يُعْفَى عَنْهُ وَلَا يُقْبَلَ مِنْهُ الدِّيَةُ وَفُرِضَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْإِنْجِيلِ أَنْ يُعْفَى عَنْهُ وَلَا يُقْتَلُ وَرُخِّصَ لَأُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ إِنْ شَاءَ قَتَلَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ الدِّيَةَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ {ذَلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ} [البقرة 178] يَقُولُ الدِّيَةُ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنَ اللهِ؛ إِذْ جَعَلَ الدِّيَةَ وَلَا يُقْتَلُ ثُمَّ قَالَ {فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَلَهُ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ} [البقرة 178] يَقُولُ مَنْ قَتَلَ بَعْدَ أَخْذِ الدِّيَةِ فَلَهُ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ وَقَالَ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَلَكُمْ فِي الْقِصَاصِ حَيَاةٌ} [البقرة 179] يَقُولُ لَكُمْ فِي الْقِصَاصِ حَيَاةٌ يَنْتَهِي بِهَا بَعْضُكُمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ أَنْ يُصِيبَ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ  

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Collected by Bayhaqī
bayhaqi:15881 – Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ And ʾAbū Saʿīd b. Abū ʿAmr > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > Aḥmad b. al-Faḍl al-ʿAsqalānī > Ādam > Abū Jaʿfar > al-Rabīʿ b. Anas

[Machine] "From Abu Al-Ala'iah: "Whoever commits aggression [Surah Al-Baqarah 178] and then is killed after being taken as a ransom [Surah Al-Baqarah 178], then he will have a painful punishment [Surah Al-Baqarah 178]. This is an alleviation from your Lord and a mercy [Surah Al-Baqarah 178]. He says, when you were given the ransom and it was not lawful for the people of the Torah, it is only a retribution or an act of forgiveness. And for the people of the Gospel, it is only an act of forgiveness, there is no other. So it was made permissible for this nation: retribution, ransom, and forgiveness [Surah Al-Baqarah 178]. And there is life for you in retribution [Surah Al-Baqarah 179]." He says, Allah ﷻ has made retribution a life for you, from a man who intends to kill, but is prevented out of fear of being killed."  

البيهقي:١٥٨٨١ – أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْعَسْقَلَانِيُّ ثنا آدَمُ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ

عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ {فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى} [البقرة 178] فَقَتَلَ بَعْدَ أَخْذِهِ الدِّيَةَ {فَلَهُ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ} [البقرة 178] {ذَلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ} [البقرة 178] يَقُولُ حِينَ أُطْعِمْتُمُ الدِّيَةَ وَلَمْ تَحِلَّ لِأَهْلِ التَّوْرَاةِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ قِصَاصٌ أَوْ عَفْوٌ وَكَانَ لِأَهْلِ الْإِنْجِيلِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ عَفْوٌ لَيْسَ غَيْرُهُ فَجُعِلَ لِهَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ الْقَوَدُ وَالدِّيَةُ وَالْعَفْوُ {وَلَكُمْ فِي الْقِصَاصِ حَيَاةٌ} [البقرة 179] يَقُولُ جَعَلَ اللهُ ﷻ الْقِصَاصَ حَيَاةً لَكُمْ مِنْ رَجُلٍ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ فَيَمْنَعَهُ مِنْهُ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ